Ngaba nawe unomkhuhlane? Ngaba kufuneka siqaphele olu vavanyo lomkhuhlane?

Ngaba uziva ungaphilanga okanye unesicaphucaphu kule mihla? Mhlawumbi unentloko ebuhlungu, impumlo egobhozayo, okanye iintlungu. Ngamaxesha anje, sizibuza, "Ngaba lo ngumkhuhlane nje oqhelekileyo okanye ngumkhuhlane?" Ngoko ke, ewe, kukho uvavanyo lokufumanisa ukuba ngaba unomkhuhlane, okanye njengoko oogqirha bewubiza, umkhuhlane. Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngolu vavanyo lomkhuhlane, uVavanyo loMkhuhlane.

Yintoni i-influenza? Kutheni ndifuna uvavanyo lwayo?

Ngamafutshane, umkhuhlane sisifo sokuphefumla esibangelwa yintsholongwane . Sidla ngokuvela ngexesha lokubanda, oko kukuthi, ebusika. Nangona kunjalo, sinokuvela ekwindla okanye ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Sisasazeka ngokukhawuleza ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye. Njani ? Sisasazeka ngokulula ngokukhohlela, ukuthimla, okanye ukuchukumisa indawo enentsholongwane uze uchukumise impumlo okanye umlomo wakho .

Kodwa iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba ukufumana igonyo lomkhuhlane kunokunciphisa kakhulu umngcipheko wokugula kakhulu ngenxa yalo mkhuhlane.

Ukuba uneempawu ezifana nezomkhuhlane ngoku, okanye ukuba ukrokrela ukuba unomkhuhlane, eyona nto ilungileyo onokuyenza kukubona ugqirha wakho . Usenokufuna ukuba wenze uvavanyo lomkhuhlane, ingakumbi ukuba usemngciphekweni omkhulu weengxaki zomkhuhlane.

Ngubani ofanelekileyo ukwenza olu vavanyo lomkhuhlane?

Akuyena wonke umntu omele enze olu vavanyo xa enomkhuhlane. Uninzi lwabantu luyaphola kwiveki enye okanye ezimbini. Nangona kunjalo, abanye abantu banamathuba amaninzi okufumana iingxaki ngenxa yomkhuhlane. Oogqirha bakhangela aba bantu ngokukodwa. Nazi ezinye zezinto ezibangela umngcipheko:

• Abantu abane-immune system ebuthathaka: Oko kuthetha abantu abanamandla aphantsi okumelana nezifo.
• Abantu abanezifo ezingapheliyo ezifana neDiabetes Mellitus.
• Oomama abakhulelweyo.
• Abantu abadala abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65 ubudala kunye nabantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-5 ubudala.
• Abantu abalaliswe esibhedlele ngenxa yesinye isifo.

Ukuba uwela kolu luhlu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha kwangoko xa ubonakalisa iimpawu zomkhuhlane.

Ziziphi ezi ntlobo zovavanyo lomkhuhlane?

Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili zovavanyo lomkhuhlane. Makhe sijonge ukuba zeziphi.

1. Uvavanyo olukhawulezayo lokuFumanisa i-Antigen

Le ndlela yovavanyo ikhangela iproteni ethile, okanye i-antigen, yentsholongwane yomkhuhlane kwisampulu yolwelo oluthathwe empumlweni yakho. Eyona nto ilungileyo ngale nto kukuba ungafumana iziphumo kwimizuzu engama-30 nje kuphela . Ezi zikwabizwa ngokuba yi-"Rapid Influenza Diagnostic Tests" okanye "RIDTs" ngamafutshane.

2. Uvavanyo lweeMolekyuli

Uvavanyo lweemolekyuli lukhangela izinto zemfuza ezivela kwintsholongwane yomkhuhlane kwisampulu ethathwe empumlweni yakho. Ezi mvavanyo zinobuthathaka ngakumbi kuneemvavanyo ze-antigen ezikhawulezayo ezikhankanyiweyo ngaphambili.Ukuchaneka kuphezulu . `(Uvavanyo lwe-PCR)` kuthetha `(Uvavanyo lwe-Polymerase Chain Reaction)` luvavanyo oludumileyo lwe-molecular olufana nolu. Ezinye zezi vavanyo ze-molecular zikhawuleza (zinika iziphumo kwimizuzu engama-30), okanye zifuna ukuba zithunyelwe kwilabhoratri ukuze zifumane iziphumo (ezinokuthatha iintsuku ezimbalwa).

Uvavanyo lomkhuhlane lungenziwa njani ?

Naluphi na uvavanyo lomkhuhlane lufuna isampuli evela kwindlela yokuphefumla. Ngokuqhelekileyo, le sampuli ithathwa empumlweni. La manyathelo anokwahluka kancinci ngokuxhomekeke kwindlela ugqirha wakho ayithatha ngayo isampuli.

Uvavanyo olwenziwe ngugqirha:

• Uvavanyo lweSwab yempumlo: Ugqirha wakho uza kufaka iswab yekotoni (iswab) empumlweni yakho ukuze aqokelele isampuli yolwelo oluvela eludongeni lwempumlo yakho. Ngamanye amaxesha oku kungenziwa ukusuka kwinxalenye enzulu yempumlo yakho, ebizwa ngokuba yi-"Nasopharyngeal Swab". Le yeyona ndlela ixhaphakileyo yokufumana isampuli yokuvavanya intsholongwane yomkhuhlane. Ingakunika iziphumo ezikhawulezileyo, okanye ingathunyelwa kwilabhoratri.
• Ukuhlamba Impumlo okanye i-Aspirate yempumlo: Kule nkqubo, ugqirha ufaka isisombululo se-saline encinci empumlweni yakho aze asebenzise isixhobo sokufunxa ukuze athathe isampuli yolwelo lwempumlo. Emva koko isampuli ithunyelwa kwilebhu. Le ndlela iluncedo kakhulu kwiintsana nabantwana abancinci .

Eyona nto ingcono kukuba, akufuneki wenze nantoni na ekhethekileyo ukulungiselela olu vavanyo lomkhuhlane. Ngokwesiqhelo lungenziwa ngaphantsi kwemizuzu emihlanu.

Uvavanyo lweFlu eKhaya:

Kuvavanyo lwasekhaya, uqokelela isampuli empumlweni yakho (ezinye iimvavanyo zisebenzisa amathe). Kufuneka ufunde imiyalelo eza novavanyo ngononophelo kwaye uyenze kanye njengoko ibhaliwe . Kukho iintlobo ezimbini zovavanyo lwasekhaya:

• I-Antigen ekhawulezayo: Iziphumo zingafunyanwa kwimizuzu engama-30.
• Uvavanyo lweLebhu: Kuya kufuneka upakishe isampulu yakho kwikhithi yovavanyo uze uyithumele kwilebhu. Kungathatha iintsuku ezimbalwa ukuba iziphumo zifike.

Luhlobo luni lwamava olufumanayo xa ubhala uvavanyo?

Xa uthatha isampuli, xa ufaka iswab empumlweni yakho, ungaziva urhawuzelelwa kancinci, ngokungathi kukho into eza kubetha emqaleni wakho . Ukuba uhlamba impumlo, uya kuziva ungakhululekanga, kodwa oko kuyenzeka okwethutyana kwaye kuya kuphela ngokukhawuleza . Akukho nto ifanele ixhalabe ngayo.

Ngaba kukho naziphi na iingozi ngolu vavanyo?

Uvavanyo lomkhuhlane lukhuselekile kakhulu, kwaye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga azixhaphakanga . Kodwa njengalo naluphi na uvavanyo, kukho izinto ezimbalwa ekufuneka uzazi:

• Ukungakhululeki: Usenokuziva ungakhululekanga xa ufaka iswab empumlweni okanye emqaleni, kwaye usenokukhwehlela. Oku kuyenzeka okwexeshana kwaye kuya kuphela ngokukhawuleza.
• Iziphumo ezingachanekanga: ngamanye amaxeshaIziphumo ezilungileyo okanye ezimbi ezingezizo ezingezizo ezinokwenzeka zinokwenzeka, ingakumbi ukuba isampuli ayithathwanga kakuhle, okanye ukuba uvavanyo lwenziwe kwangethuba okanye emva kwexesha lokugula.

Zithini iziphumo zovavanyo?

Nazi iziphumo ezinokubakho zovavanyo lomkhuhlane kunye noko zithetha kona:

• Iziphumo ezilungileyo: Oku kuthetha ukuba uvavanyo lufumanise i-antigen okanye i-RNA yentsholongwane yomkhuhlane. Oku kuthetha ukuba unomkhuhlane.
• Isiphumo esibi: Oku kuthetha ukuba uvavanyo aluzange lufumane i-antigen okanye i-RNA yentsholongwane yomkhuhlane. Oku kuthetha ukuba uvavanyo olwenziwe ngelo xesha aluzange lufumane intsholongwane yomkhuhlane.
• Iziphumo Ezingavumelekanga: Ukuba iziphumo zovavanyo lwakho azivumelekanga, oko kuthetha ukuba kukho into engahambanga kakuhle ngovavanyo. Kusenokuba kukho ingxaki ngendlela isampuli ethathwe ngayo okanye ngovavanyo ngokwalo. Kuya kufuneka uphinde ulwenze uvavanyo .

Loluphi uvavanyo lomkhuhlane oluchanekileyo?

Uvavanyo lwe-swab olwenziwe kwilebhu yeyona ndlela ichanekileyo yokufumanisa umkhuhlane . Ngenxa yesi sizathu, ugqirha wakho uthatha isampuli engasemva komqala wakho ngempumlo yakho aze ayithumele kwilebhu ukuze ihlolwe. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ezi ziimvavanyo ze-molecular ezifana ne-"PCR".

Zichaneke kangakanani iimvavanyo ezikhawulezayo?

Uvavanyo lwe-antigen yomkhuhlane olukhawulezayo, olwaziwa ngokuba yi-'Rapid Influenza Diagnostic Test (RIDT),' aluchanekanga kangako kunezinye iintlobo zovavanyo lwe-influenza . Uvavanyo lweemolekyuli, olufana ne-'(PCR),' luchanekile ngakumbi. Ke ngoko, ngamanye amaxesha uvavanyo olukhawulezayo lubuya lungabi nampawu, kodwa ukuba iimpawu ziyaqhubeka, ugqirha unokukuthumela kwi-'(PCR)'.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?

Ukuba unemibuzo malunga novavanyo lwakho lomkhuhlane, qiniseka ukuba uthetha nogqirha wakho . Kunganceda ukubuza imibuzo efana nale:

• Ndiyiqonda njani imiphumo yovavanyo lwam?
• Ucinga ukuba iziphumo zovavanyo lwam zichanekile?
• Ngaba kufuneka ndenze uvavanyo olongezelelekileyo?
• Ngaba ucebisa naluphi na unyango okanye amayeza?

Ukuba unamathandabuzo, thetha nogqirha wakho rhoqo malunga neziphumo zovavanyo lwakho kunye nokuba zithetha ukuthini . Kubaluleke kakhulu ukufumana ingcaciso.

Umkhuhlane unokuba nethuba elingakanani?

Uvavanyo lomkhuhlane ludla ngokuqala ukuba lufumaneke kwiiyure ezingama-24 ngaphambi kokuba iimpawu ziqale , kwaye lunokuqhubeka lufumaneke lufumaneke kangangeentsuku ezimbalwa emva koko. Ixesha elithathayo ukuze ufumaneke unesifo linokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lovavanyo lomkhuhlane olufumanayo.

Okokugqibela, izinto ezimbalwa ekufuneka uzikhumbule

Uvavanyo lomkhuhlane luvavanyo olulula lokujonga ukuba unayo na i-flu (influenza). Uninzi lwabantu aludingi uvavanyo lomkhuhlane kwaye luya kuphila kwiveki okanye ezimbini. Nangona kunjalo, ugqirha angathumela abantu abanezinye zezinto ezinobungozi esizixubushe ngaphambili ukuze bavavanywe i-flu. Ugqirha angenza olu vavanyo eofisini yakhe okanye esibhedlele. Kukwakho nezixhobo zovavanyo lwasekhaya ezifumaneka kwiikhemesti nakwiivenkile ezinkulu.

Khumbula, ezinye iimvavanyo zichaneke ngakumbi kunezinye . Ukuba awuqinisekanga ngeempawu zakho okanye iziphumo zovavanyo, ungalindi - thetha nogqirha wakho . Iimpawu zomkhuhlane zinokuba mandundu ngokukhawuleza, ingakumbi kubantu abakumaqela asemngciphekweni. Ngoko ke kungcono ukuba uqaphele.

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