Masifumanise ukuba injani kanye kanye i-urethra yakho.

Sonke siyazi ukuba kukho amalungu ahlukeneyo omzimba wethu, ngalinye linomsebenzi walo okhethekileyo. Sihlala sithetha ngamanye amalungu, umzekelo, intliziyo, imiphunga, kunye nezintso. Kodwa kukho amanye amalungu esingacingi okanye singathethi kakhulu ngawo. Kodwa imisebenzi ayenzayo ibaluleke kakhulu. Ngokufanayo, inxalenye ebalulekileyo kakhulu, kodwa engathethwa kakhulu ngayo kwinkqubo yomchamo yomzimba wethu yi-urethra. Ngoko ke namhlanje, masithethe ngale urethra, okanye njengoko ibizwa ngesiNgesi, `(Urethra)`, ngokweenkcukacha nangokulula.

Yintoni i-urethra? Ngamafutshane...

Cinga ngayo njengetyhubhu encinci. Le tyhubhu ithwala umchamo ukusuka kwisinyi sakho ukuya ngaphandle komzimba wakho. Ukuba uyindoda, i-urethra yakho inde kancinci. Idlula kwi-prostate gland ize ivuleke ngepenis. Kodwa ukuba ungumfazi, i-urethra yakho imfutshane kakhulu kuneyendoda. Ibekwe phambi kwesinyi kunye ne-vaginal. Ngamafutshane, i-urethra yindlela apho umchamo uphuma khona.

Yintoni umsebenzi womchamo? Kwenzeka ntoni kuwo?

Indlela yomchamo yinxalenye ebaluleke kakhulu kwinkqubo yethu yomchamo. Le nkqubo yomchamo yenziwe zizintso ezimbini, isinyi, i-ureters, kunye ne-urethra. Cinga ngayo ngolu hlobo. 1. Okokuqala, izintso zethu zicoca igazi lethu kwaye zenze inkunkuma engafunekiyo ekulo ibe ngumchamo. 2. Emva koko, umchamo oveliswa zizintso uhamba ngeetyhubhu ezimbini ezibizwa ngokuba yi-ureters uze uphele kwisinyi. Isinyi sinjengebhegi encinci enokubamba umchamo okwethutyana. 3. Xa kufuneka uchame, umchamo osesinyini uphuma emzimbeni nge-urethra. Ngoko ke ungabona, ngaphandle kwe-urethra, besingenandlela yokukhupha umchamo oveliswa emzimbeni. Yiyo loo nto yenza umsebenzi obaluleke kakhulu. Umnyango osekupheleni kwe-urethra ovulekela ngaphandle komzimba ubizwa ngokuba yi-"Urethral meatus." Igama elithi "Meatus" lidla ngokubhekisa kuyo nayiphi na indawo evulekileyo ukusuka ngaphakathi komzimba ukuya ngaphandle.

Iphi indlela yomchamo? Yenzeka njani?

I-urethra ikwindawo ye-pelvic yomzimba wethu. Oko kukuthi, kwinxalenye engaphantsi kwesisu. Ayisiyonto nje ityhubhu. Iindonga zayo zincinci, kodwa zenziwe ngeentlobo ezikhethekileyo zezicubu. Umzekelo, yenziwe ngezicubu ze-epithelial, iiseli zemisipha egudileyo, kunye nezicubu ezinxibelelanayo. Inxalenye ebaluleke kakhulu ye-urethra yi -sphincters . Ezi zisebenza njengeevalvu. Oko kukuthi, zinokuvula kwaye zivale xa kufuneka. Kukho iintlobo ezimbini ze-sphincters:

• Umchamo wangaphakathiI-sphincter yangaphakathi ye-urethra: Le ifumaneka emnyango we -urethra ukusuka kwisinyi. Asinto esiyilawulayo ngabom, isebenza ngokuzenzekelayo.
• I-sphincter yangaphandle ye-urethra: Le iphakathi kwemisipha esezantsi kwe-pelvic cavity (umgangatho we-pelvic). Singakulawula oku ukuya kwinqanaba elithile. Yile nto isinceda siyeke ukuhamba komchamo xa kukho imeko engxamisekileyo.

Ezi zihlunu zimbini, kunye nesinyi, zisebenza kunye ukukhupha umchamo emzimbeni.

Ingakanani i-urethra?

Oku kuyahluka ngokuxhomekeke ekubeni uyindoda okanye ungumfazi.

• I-urethra yabasetyhini idla ngokuba malunga ne-1.5 intshi (3-4 centimeters). Yiyo loo nto abafazi benamathuba amancinci okufumana usulelo lwe-urinary tract (UTIs) kunamadoda. Oku kungenxa yokuba iintsholongwane azinamgama mkhulu ukuya kwisinyi .
• I-urethra yamadoda inde kakhulu, inobude obuziisentimitha ezingama-20 (8-9 intshi).

Kukho iindawo ezintathu eziphambili ze-urethra yamadoda: 1. I-urethra ye-prostate: Le nxalenye idlula kwi-prostate gland. Xa isidoda sikhutshwa, sithwala ulwelo lwesidoda kwaye sinceda ekwenzeni isidoda. 2. I-urethra ye-Membranous: Le yinxalenye emfutshane kakhulu. Inceda ukuthwala ulwelo kumgangatho we-pelvic. 3. I-urethra ye-penile: Le ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-spongy urethra kunye ne-cavernous urethra. Le yeyona nxalenye inde ye-urethra. Oku kuqhubeka nokwandisa lonke i-penis, kuphele kwi-"urethral meatus" esiyikhankanyileyo ngaphambili, oko kukuthi, umngxuma ovuleka emzimbeni.

Ziziphi izifo eziqhelekileyo ezichaphazela indlela yomchamo?

Enyanisweni, iingxaki zomchamo zixhaphake kakhulu kumadoda. Isizathu soku kukuba i-urethra yamadoda inde kwaye inesakhiwo esintsonkothileyo. Makhe sijonge ezinye zezona meko zixhaphakileyo.

• Iintsholongwane zoMchamo (UTIs): Ezi zixhaphake kakhulu. Iintsholongwane zinokwenzeka naphi na kwinkqubo yomchamo, kuquka ne-urethra. Ngamanye amaxesha, xa kufakwa i -catheter yomchamo, i-catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTIs) inokwenzeka.
• I-Urethritis :Oku kuthetha ukuba i-urethra iyadumba okanye ivuvuke. Oku kuqheleke kakhulu, kubangelwa lusulelo. Ngamanye amaxesha, kunokubangelwa sisifo esidluliselwa ngesondo esibizwa ngokuba yi-gonorrhea . I-urethritis ebangelwa zezinye izizathu ngaphandle kwe-gonorrhea ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-nongonococcal urethritis ( NGU ).
• Ukuqina komchamo: Oku kwenzeka xa kuvela amanxeba kwi-urethra, okuthintela ukuhamba komchamo kuyo. Oku kunokubangela ukudumba komchamo, usulelo, iintlungu xa uchama, kunye nokungakwazi ukukhupha isinyi.
• I-genitourinary vaginal fistulas: Le yimeko enokwenzeka kubasetyhini. Kulapho kuvela khona umngxuma ongaqhelekanga phakathi kwenkqubo yomchamo, i-vaginal, okanye isibeleko.
• Ukulimala okanye umonakalo kwi-urethra: Oku kunokubangelwa ziingozi, ukwenzakala ngamandla, okanye umntu ozama ukufaka into kwi-urethra. Oku kunokubangela ukudumba kunye nokuvuza komchamo kwizicwili ezingqongileyo.
• Umhlaza womchamo: Olu luhlobo lomhlaza olungaqhelekanga kakhulu.

Iingxaki ezinokuvela ngenxa yoku

Ukuba indlela yomchamo yonakele, oko kunokukhokelela kwiingxaki ezahlukeneyo. Umzekelo:

• Usulelo oluqhelekileyo
• Ukopha
• Ukuncitshiswa kwe-urethra (iiStrictures)
• Ukungakwazi ukuzibamba komchamo
• Kwabesilisa, ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-erectile

Ziziphi iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zezifo zomchamo?

Ukuba uneengxaki kwindlela yakho yokuchama, unokufumana iimpawu ezinje. Kufuneka uzazi ezi.

• Intlungu okanye ubunzima bokuchama (iDysuria) okanye ukungakwazi ukuchama konke konke.
• Igazi kumchamo (iHematuria).
• Ukuphuma okungaqhelekanga kwi-urethra.

Ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi mpawu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona ugqirha ngokukhawuleza ukuze akunike icebiso, kuba ukuzityeshela kunokuyenza imeko ibe mandundu.

Zeziphi iimvavanyo ezenziwayo ukujonga impilo yomchamo?

Ukuba ugqirha wakho ukrokrela ukuba unengxaki yomchamo, angenza iimvavanyo ezininzi, ezinje ngezi:

• Uvavanyo lomchamo: Oku kuquka ukuthatha isampuli yomchamo wakho uze uwuvavanye kwilebhu. Unokukhangela izinto ezifana nosulelo kunye negazi.
• I-Cystoscopy:Kule meko, ugqirha ufaka ityhubhu encinci efakwe ikhamera (i-cystoscope) kwi-urethra ukuze ajonge ngaphakathi kwi-urethra nakwi-bladder. Oku kunokunceda ukujonga naziphi na iingxaki.
• Ii-X-reyi kunye/okanye i-ultrasound: Olu vavanyo lokujonga imifanekiso lunokujonga amathambo kunye nezicubu ezithambileyo. I-ultrasound inokujonga izintso kunye nesinyi.
• Ukuhlaziya i-urethrography: Oku kuquka ukufaka into ekhethekileyo (i-contrast agent) kwi-urethra uze uthathe i-X-ray. Oku kunceda ukubona imo ye-urethra, naluphi na uxinano, njl.njl.
• I-voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG): Olu vavanyo lusebenzisa into ekhethekileyo ebizwa ngokuba yi-contrast agent. Lwenziwa ukuze kubonwe ukuba kwenzeka ntoni xa isinyi sakho sigcwele kwaye emva koko xa uchama.

Olu vavanyo lunceda kakhulu ugqirha wakho ekuqinisekiseni imeko yakho echanekileyo.

Ziziphi iindlela zonyango lwezifo zomchamo?

Ukuba ufunyaniswe ukuba une-urinary tract infection, unyango luya kuxhomekeka kwimeko onayo. Makhe sijonge ukuba zeziphi iindlela zonyango.

Amayeza

• Ukuba unentsholongwane , ugqirha wakho uza kukunika amayeza okubulala intsholongwane, njengee-antibiotics.
• Kwiimeko ezinje ngomhlaza we-urethra, amayeza e-chemotherapy anokunikwa.

Iinkqubo zonyango

Izifo ezininzi zomchamo kufuneka zinyangwe ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango.

• Ukwandisa: Kule nkqubo, ugqirha usebenzisa i-cystoscope kunye nesixhobo esifana nebhaluni ukwandisa i-urethra enciphileyo.
• Ukususwa kwe-Urethrotomy: Nalapha, ugqirha usebenzisa i-cystoscope kunye nesixhobo sokusika ukusika indawo efana neringi yezicubu ezivalekileyo.
• Ukwakhiwa kwakhona kwe-urethroplasty okanye i-urethral reconstruction: Olu lutyando olunzima kancinci. Kule nkqubo, ugqirha uthatha izicwili kwenye indawo yomzimba wakho aze azisebenzisele ukwenza i-urethra entsha okanye ukulungisa esele ikho.
• Utyando lokususa iithumba: Ezi ziyimfuneko kwiimeko ezifana nomhlaza.
• Unyango ngemitha: Olu nyango lusetyenziselwa ukutshabalalisa iiseli zomhlaza.

Zeziphi ezinye izinto ezilula esinokuzenza ukuze sigcine umchamo usempilweni?

Kukho izinto ezimbalwa ezilula esinokuzenza ukugcina indlela yethu yokuchama kunye nenkqubo yonke yokuchama isempilweni. Ukuba sizenza ezi zinto, sinokuphepha iingxaki ezininzi.

• Sela amanzi amaninzi:Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukusela amanzi aneleyo ngosuku. Oku kuya kunceda ekucoceni inkqubo yomchamo.
• Kuphephe ukutshaya neemveliso zecuba: Ezi zinto azinabungozi kuphela kwinkqubo yomchamo, kodwa nakumzimba wonke.
• Nciphisa utywala kunye ne-caffeine (ezifana neti nekofu): Ezi zinto zivuselela isinyi, nto leyo ebangela ukuba ufune ukuchama rhoqo.
• Gcina ubunzima obusempilweni obukufaneleyo: Ukutyeba kakhulu kunokubangela iingxaki zomchamo.
• Yenza umthambo rhoqo: Oku kuphucula impilo iyonke kunye nokusebenza kwenkqubo yomchamo.
• Kuphephe ukuqhina: Ukuqhina kunokubangela uxinzelelo kwisinyi kwaye kubangele ubunzima bokuchama.
• Musa ukuyibamba imichamo yakho: Xa uziva ufuna ukuchama, khawuleza uchame.
• Khupha isinyi sakho ngokupheleleyo xa uchama.
• Ukuchama emva kwesondo: Oku kunceda ukukhupha naziphi na iintsholongwane ezinokuba zingene kwindlela yokuchama, ingakumbi kubafazi.
• Xa ucoca emva kokuya kwigumbi lokuhlambela, sula ukusuka phambili ukuya ngasemva: Oku kubaluleke kakhulu kubafazi ukuthintela usulelo.
• Khetha impahla yangaphantsi eyenziwe ngekotoni: Amalaphu enziweyo anokubamba umbilo aze abangele ukuba iintsholongwane zikhule.
• Musa ukunxiba impahla ebambekayo (njengebhulukhwe).
• Ukuba udlala imidlalo, sebenzisa impahla yokuzikhusela (umz., i-jockstrap).

Ukuba uneengxaki zomchamo rhoqo, thetha nogqirha wakho malunga namayeza, ukutya, kunye nolawulo lokubeleka oluthathayo. Amanye amayeza kunye nokutya kunokuchaphazela inkqubo yomchamo.

Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya

Ngoko ke, i-urethra sisitho esincinci kodwa esibaluleke kakhulu esisinceda sisuse inkunkuma emzimbeni wethu, umchamo. Nangona singenakuqinisekisa ukuba iya kuba sempilweni ngokupheleleyo, singayinceda ngezinto ezilula ezifana nokusela amanzi amaninzi yonke imihla kunye nokunciphisa i-caffeine kunye notywala. Ukuba uziva iintlungu xa uchama, okanye ukuba ubona igazi kumchamo wakho, musa ukucinga ukuba yinto eqhelekileyo. Funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngoko nangoko. Kuba okukhona isifo sifunyanwa ngokukhawuleza, kokukhona kulula ukunyanga, kwaye amathuba okuba neengxaki anciphe. Nguwe omele ukhathalele kakhulu impilo yakho. Indlela yomchamo, i-Urethra, Inkqubo yomchamo, Usulelo lomchamo, i-UTI, Iimpawu zomchamo, iSinyi, Izintso