Masifunde ngemibhobho yakho yenyongo. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu!

Molo! Ngaba wakha wacinga ngokubaluleka kwanemibhobho emincinci emizimbeni yethu? Enye into ebalulekileyo, kodwa mhlawumbi into esingathethi kakhulu ngayo, yi-bile duct. Ngoko ke namhlanje siza kuthetha ngale duct ye-bile ngamazwi alula, ukuba yintoni, kwenzeka ntoni kuyo, ziziphi izifo ezibangelwa yiyo, kunye nendlela esinokuyinyamekela ngayo.

Yintoni iBile Duct? Yintoni eyenzayo?

Ngamafutshane, i-bile duct yinkqubo yeetyhubhu ezincinci ezidibanisa ezinye izitho kwinkqubo yethu yokugaya ukutya. Ifana nombhobho othwala amanzi. Umsebenzi wayo ophambili kukuthutha into ebizwa ngokuba yi-'bile' phakathi kwezi zitho. Isibindi sethu, i-gallbladder, kunye namathumbu amancinci, kunye nezi duct ze-bile, zenza inkqubo ye-biliary . Ngoko ke, kutheni le duct ye-bile ifuneka? Umzimba wethu udinga i-bile kwimisebenzi eyahlukeneyo. I-bile ducts inceda ekuthutheni ngokukhuselekileyo le bile ukusuka kwenye indawo ukuya kwenye. Le nkqubo yeetyhubhu ibalulekile ekuthutheni i-bile emzimbeni nangaliphi na ixesha, naphi na, ngaphandle kokuphazamisana nantoni na, kwaye ngaphandle kokulimaza ezinye izitho. Ngoku khangela, le bile lulwelo olwenziwe sisibindi sethu. Iqulethe uhlobo lwento ebizwa ngokuba yi-bile acids . Ezi zezona zisinceda sigaye amafutha kunye neeproteni ekutyeni esikutyayo. Kodwa ezi asidi ze-bile zinzima kancinci kwaye zinokuba yingozi kwizitho ezingaqhelwanga kuzo. Kwakhona, ezinye ii-enzymes zokugaya ukutya ezivela kwi-pancreas zethu nazo zidlula kwezi duct ze-bile. Ngokufanayo, ukuba aziyi kwindawo elungileyo, iingxaki zinokuvela.

Le duct yenyongo idibene njani namalungu ethu omzimba?

Cinga ngayo njengomthi onamasebe. Iqala ngesibindi sethu. Isibindi sikwicala eliphezulu lasekunene lesisu sethu. Ngaphakathi kwesibindi kukho imijelo yenyongo emincinci kakhulu. Siyibiza ngokuba yimijelo yenyongo engaphakathi kwesibindi. Xa isibindi senza inyongo, siyiqokelela ngale mijelo. Emva koko, le mijelo mincinci engaphakathi kwesibindi iyadibana ukuze yenze imijelo yenyongo esekunene neyasekhohlo emikhulu kancinci. Le mijelo mibini iphuma esibindini ize ihlangane ukuze yenze umjelo wenyongo oqhelekileyo . Imijelo engaphandle kwesibindi ibizwa ngokuba yimijelo yenyongo engaphandle kwesibindi . Ngoku, le mijelo yenyongo eqhelekileyo idibana nomjelo wenyongo ovela kwinyongo yethu ukuze yenze umjelo wenyongo oqhelekileyo.Iyadala. Malunga nesiqingatha senyongo evela esibindini iya ngqo kule duct yenyongo eqhelekileyo. Esinye isiqingatha siya kwinyongo. Inyongo ikwindawo engaphantsi kwesibindi. Ifana nebhegi encinci egcina inyongo. Igcina inyongo engasetyenziswayo ngelo xesha. Inyongo iyigcina ide ityeke ...

Ziziphi iimeko ezichaphazela imibhobho yenyongo?

Kulungile, ngoku makhe sibone ukuba zeziphi izifo ezinokuchaphazela le nkqubo ibalulekileyo ye-bile duct.

1. Ukudumba

Ezinye izifo kunye nezinye iimeko zokudumba zingabangela iingxaki kwimibhobho yenyongo. Oku kunokuba lixesha elifutshane okanye elide. Kwixesha elifutshane, ukudumba okukhawulezileyo kunokuthintela imibhobho kwaye kumise ukuhamba kwenyongo. Nangona kunjalo, kwixesha elide, ukudumba okungapheliyo kunokubangela amanxeba kwizicubu ngaphakathi kwimibhobho yenyongo. Le tissue yesilonda ibangela ukuba imibhobho inciphe - oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-stricture . Ekugqibeleni, ukuhanjiswa kwegazi kuyanqanyulwa kwaye imibhobho yenyongo inokonakala. Oku kudumba kwemibhobho yenyongo kubizwa ngokuba yi-cholangitis . Usulelo kunye nokuvaleka kunokubangela i-acute cholangitis . Kwakhona, izifo zokuzikhusela komzimba zingabangela i-cholangitis engapheliyo . I-Primary Biliary Cholangitis (PBC) kunye ne -Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis (PSC) zimbini zezi meko ezingapheliyo.

2. Ukuthintela

Eyona nto ixhaphakileyo yeengxaki ze-bile duct kukuvaleka . Enye yezona zixhaphakileyo yi -gallstones . La matye ziikristale ezakha kwi-gallbladder okanye kwi-bile ducts. Akhula kancinci kwiminyaka emininzi. Amaxesha amaninzi, i-gallstones iyaqhekeka ize ingene kwi-common bile duct. Le meko ithile ibizwa ngokuba yi-choledocholithiasis.Ukuba la matye angaphakathi kwimibhobho yenyongo aba makhulu, anokuthintela ukuhamba kwenyongo. Kwakhona, i-bile duct stricture , eyindlela yokucutha imibhobho yenyongo, inokuthintela ukuhamba kwenyongo. Ukudumba kwexesha elide kunokubangela ukuba izicubu ezibomvu zivele kwimibhobho yenyongo, zinciphise ngale ndlela. Ezinye iingxaki zokuzalwa - umzekelo , i-biliary atresia kunye ne-Alagille Syndrome - nazo zinokubangela le meko.

3. Umhlaza

Umhlaza we-bile duct ubizwa ngokuba yi -cholangiocarcinoma . Ungakhula kwi-extrahepatic ducts - ezizezona zixhaphakileyo - okanye kwi-ducts ngaphakathi kwesibindi (intrahepatic ducts). Oku kwahlukile kumhlaza wesibindi. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba umhlaza wesibindi uvela, unokonakalisa ne-bile ducts ngaphakathi kwesibindi ngokubangela ukudumba okanye ukuvaleka.

Kwenzeka ntoni ukuba umbhobho wenyongo uvalekile?

Njengomsele ovalekileyo, ukuba inyongo ayikwazi ukuhamba ngemibhobho yenyongo, iyabuyela umva ize iqale ukuqokelelana kwizitho zomzimba. Oku kunokubangela ukudumba kunye nomonakalo kwezo zitho. Umzekelo, ukudumba kwenyongo ( i-cholecystitis ), ukudumba kwepancreas ( i-gallstone pancreatitis ), kunye nokudumba kwesibindi kunye nemibhobho yenyongo ngokwazo. Xa ukuhamba kwenyongo kuyeka ( i-cholestasis ), usulelo lunokwenzeka ngakumbi. Usulelo kwinkqubo yenyongo lubuhlungu kakhulu kwaye luyingozi. Ukuba lusasazeka esibindini, lunokungena egazini luze lubangele i-septicemia emzimbeni wonke, nto leyo ekhokelela kwimeko eyingozi ebizwa ngokuba yi-sepsis .

Kubalulekile: I-Sepsis yimeko engxamisekileyo esongela ubomi.

Kwakhona, xa inyongo ebuyela umva iqala ukuvuza egazini, inokubangela izifo ezahlukeneyo. Unokuba ne -jaundice - ukutyheli kolusu namehlo - isicaphucaphu, ukurhawuzelelwa, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo okuncinci (i-hepatic encephalopathy) . Imibhobho yenyongo evalekileyo ayikwazi ukukhupha inyongo ngendlela efanelekileyo emathunjini amancinci. Oku kunokubangela iingxaki zokugaya ukutya. Inkqubo yakho yokugaya ukutya inengxaki yokugaya amafutha kunye nokufunxa iivithamini ezinyibilikayo. Oku kungayifunxi kakuhle ukutya kunokubangela ukungondleki kakuhle .

Uyazi njani ukuba unengxaki yombhobho wenyongo?

Iimeko ezingapheliyo zihlala zikhula kancinci kwiminyaka emininzi. Ngoko ke usenokungabi nazimpawu de kubekho umonakalo omkhulu kwimibhobho yenyongo yakho. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba unemeko ebukhali , efana nokuvaleka okanye usulelo, uya kuhlala ufumana iimpawu ezibizwa ngokuba yi -biliary colic . Yintoni i-biliary colic?

• Le yintlungu yesisu.
• Idla ngokuza nesicaphucaphu , kwaye ngamanye amaxesha nokuhlanza .
• Oku kwenzeka rhoqo emva kokutya ukutya okunamafutha .
• Intlungu iqala kancinci, ikhula kancinci kancinci ngokuhamba kweyure, ize iphele kwakhona emva kweyure okanye ezimbini.

Olu hlobo lwe-biliary colic lwenzeka xa inkqubo yakho ye-biliary izama ukuthumela i-bile emathunjini akho amancinci ukunceda ekugayeni ukutya. I-gallbladder iyancipha, nto leyo enyusa uxinzelelo ngaphakathi kwi-bile ducts. Ukuba i-bile ducts yakho inentsholongwane okanye ivalekile, olo xinzelelo lubangela intlungu.

Khumbula: Ukuba uneempawu ze-biliary colic, nokuba ayinzima kangako, yiya esibhedlele ngokukhawuleza . Uvavanyo lwezonyango lunokufumanisa ngokukhawuleza ukuba yintoni ingxaki. Ukuba awunazo iintlungu eziqatha, kodwa unezinye iimpawu ezinxulumene nenkqubo ye-biliary, ezifana ne -jaundice , isenokuba luphawu lwesifo esingapheliyo.

Ungayinyanga njani i-bile duct evalekileyo?

Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo ezisetyenziswa ngoogqirha ukufumana nokususa imiqobo kwimibhobho yenyongo. Indlela ecetyiswayo kuwe iya kuxhomekeka kwimeko yakho, nokuba yeyokungapheliyo okanye ebukhali, kunye nokuba ingxamisekile kangakanani.

• I-Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP): Le yinkqubo engeyoyotyando. Ityhubhu ende enekhamera eqhotyoshelweyo (i-endoscope) ifakwa ngomlomo ize idluliselwe kwi-GI tract. Ugqirha angenza izinto ezifunekayo ngale endoscope.
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-bile duct: Le yinkqubo yotyando. Inokwenziwa rhoqo kusetyenziswa iindlela ezingaphantsi kakhulu . Oko kukuthi , utyando lwe -laparoscopic, olubandakanya ukwenza umsike omnye okanye ngaphezulu omncinci esiswini. Ngamanye amaxesha lwenziwa ngexesha lotyando lokususa i-gallbladder ukuze kufumaneke amatye enyongo.

Ugqirha angayinqumla i-bile duct ukuze asuse ukuvaleka okanye afake i -stent ukuze ihlale ivulekile. Ngamanye amaxesha zombini ziyasetyenziswa. Ukuba i-bile ducts zibanzi kakhulu (zivulekile) ngenxa yamanxeba kunye ne-stenosis, banokususa neendawo ze-ducts.

Ndingayinyamekela njani imibhobho yam yenyongo?

Umngcipheko omkhulu kwimibhobho yakho yenyongo yi -gallstones . Eyona nto ibangela i-gallstones yi -cholesterol ephezulu egazini. I-cholesterol eyongezelelweyo egazini inokuqokelelwa kwimibhobho yenyongo, ibangele ukuba iqine kwaye yenze amatye e-cholesterol. Ungawunciphisa lo mngcipheko ngokunciphisa i-cholesterol ekutyeni kwakho . Umngcipheko wesibini omkhulu sisifo sesibindi . Ukuba unesifo sesibindi esingapheliyo, ungawunciphisa umonakalo kwisibindi sakho nakwinkqubo yenyongo ngokwamkela indlela yokuphila enempilo.

• Yenza umthambo .
• Nciphisa amafutha ekutyeni kwakho.
• Ziphephe utywala neziyobisi.

Ezi ziza kunceda kakhulu.

Imibhobho yenyongo mincinci kakhulu, kodwa yenza umsebenzi omhle emizimbeni yethu. Yonke imihla, amalungu ethu amaninzi kunye neenkqubo zomzimba zixhomekeke kule mibhobho yenyongo. Ukuba inyongo ayikwazi ukufika apho ifanele iye khona, ekugqibeleni inokuvuza ingene egazini ize ichaphazele umzimba wonke.

Iingxaki zemibhobho yenyongo zinokuchaphazela amanye amalungu akwinkqubo yenyongo. Ngenxa yoko, iingxaki kwezo malungu zinokuchaphazela imibhobho yenyongo. Ke ngoko, ukuba uneempawu ezinxulumene nenkqubo yenyongo, ezifana ne-biliary colic okanye i-jaundice, funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngoko nangoko . Oku kunokukunceda ukukhusela inkqubo yakho yenyongo ebuthathaka, kuquka nemibhobho yenyongo.

Ngoko ke, zeziphi izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka sizikhumbule kwizinto esithethe ngazo namhlanje?

• Umbhobho wenyongo yinkqubo encinci kodwa ebaluleke kakhulu yeetyhubhu ezithwala inyongo phakathi kwesibindi sethu, inyongo kunye namathumbu amancinci.
• Amatye enyongo kunye nokudumba zezona ngxaki ziphambili ezichaphazela imibhobho yenyongo.
• Lumka ukuba ufumana iimpawu ezifana nentlungu yesisu (i-biliary colic) kunye ne-jaundice emva kokutya ukutya okunamafutha.
• Ukugcina ukutya okunempilo kunye nendlela yokuphila enempilo kubaluleke kakhulu kwimpilo yemibhobho yenyongo.
• Ukuba uneempawu ezithile, ukubona ugqirha ngokukhawuleza nokufuna ingcebiso kunokukunceda uphephe iingxaki ezinkulu.