Masijonge impilo ye-prostate gland yakho. Yonke into malunga novavanyo lwe-PSA!

Ngaba wakha weva ngolu vavanyo lwe-PSA? Mhlawumbi ugqirha wakho ukuxelele ngalo, okanye mhlawumbi ukhe weva kumhlobo. Olu luvavanyo olubaluleke kakhulu kuthi madoda. Abantu abaninzi abazi nto ingako ngalo. Ngoko ke, masithethe ngalo namhlanje ngendlela elula onokuyiqonda? Akukho nto yokoyika, eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukwazi.

Yintoni uvavanyo lwe-PSA?

Ngamafutshane, i-PSA sisifinyezo se-Prostate-Specific Antigen. Yiproteni ekhethekileyo emzimbeni wakho. Kodwa ayikho kuyo yonke indawo. Yenziwe yi-prostate gland yakho. Le gland ifumaneka kumadoda kuphela, kwaye ifumaneka ngaphantsi kwesinyi.

Le protein ebizwa ngokuba yi-PSA iveliswa zizicubu ze-prostate eziphilileyo, kunye neeseli zomhlaza we-prostate. Nangona kunjalo, eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba ukuba kukho umhlaza we-prostate, eli nqanaba le-PSA linokuveliswa ngobuninzi obuphezulu kunesiqhelo.

Ngoko ke, uvavanyo lwe-PSA luvavanyo olulula lwegazi olulinganisa ukuba ingakanani le protein ye-PSA egazini lakho. Oku kunokukunceda ubone ukuba inqanaba lakho le-PSA liphezulu na. Oogqirha benza olu vavanyo ukunceda ekufumaneni umhlaza we-prostate kwangethuba. Kuba ukuba umhlaza ufunyanwa kwangethuba, kunokwenzeka ukuba unyangwe kwaye unyangeke.

Ugqirha udla ngokwenza uvavanyo lwedijithali lwe-rectal (DRE) kunye novavanyo lwe-PSA. Kulapho ugqirha ehlola i-prostate gland ngomnwe ogqunywe ngeglavu nge-anus. Oku kunokufumanisa naziphi na iziqwenga okanye utshintsho kwi-prostate gland.

Ithini inqanaba le-PSA elifanelekileyo lobudala bakho?

Enyanisweni, ayisiyiyo inqanaba le-PSA yomntu wonke elifanayo. Liyatshintsha njengoko ukhula. Njengoko ukhula, kuqhelekile ukuba inqanaba le-PSA yakho linyuke kancinci kancinci, nokuba awunayo umhlaza we-prostate okanye naziphi na ezinye iingxaki. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba inqanaba lakho le-PSA liphezulu kakhulu kunokuba bekulindelwe, kusenokuba ngumqondiso omncinci wokuba unokuba nomhlaza we-prostate. Kodwa akuthethi ukuba ngumhlaza, akunjalo?

Oogqirha balinganisa amanqanaba e-PSA ngeeyunithi ezibizwa ngokuba zii-nanograms nge-milliliter yegazi (ng/ml).

Luqhutywa nini uvavanyo lwe-PSA?

Olu vavanyo lwe-PSA luvavanyo oluqhelekileyo. Ukuba une-prostate, oogqirha abaninzi bacebisa ukuba wenze olu vavanyo ubuncinane rhoqo emva kweminyaka emibini ukuya kwemithathu, ukususela kwiminyaka engama-50.

Khawucinge ukuba iziphumo zakho zovavanyo lwe-PSA aziqhelekanga. Ngoko ugqirha uthi, "Masijonge oku ngokusondeleyo." Emva koko ukuxelela ukuba wenze uvavanyo lwe-PSA kunye nezinye iimvavanyo rhoqo kwiinyanga ezi-6, okanye kube kanye ngonyaka.

Nangona kunjalo, ukuba usemngciphekweni omkhulu wokuba nomhlaza wendlala, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukuba uvavanye rhoqo i-PSA uqale malunga neminyaka engama-40-45. Usenokuba semngciphekweni omkhulu ngenxa yezi zizathu zilandelayo:

• Ukuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho, oko kukuthi, utata wakho, umnakwenu, okanye ubuncinane izalamane ezimbini ezikumgangatho wokuqala, oye waba nomhlaza weprostate.
• Ukuba umnyama. (Ezinye izifundo zibonise oku, kodwa akuqhelekanga kuwo wonke umntu, kungcono ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha.)

Kwakhona, ukuba sele unomhlaza weprostate, oogqirha basebenzisa uvavanyo lwe-PSA ukubona ukuba unyango lwakho lusebenza kakuhle kangakanani kwaye bajonge ukuba umhlaza ubuyile na.

Izinto ekufuneka uzazi ngaphambi kovavanyo lwe-PSA

Ngaphambi kokuba wenze uvavanyo lwe-PSA, ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka uxelele ugqirha wakho ezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Ukuba uthatha amayeza esifo esibizwa ngokuba yiBenign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH), umzekelo, iFinasteride (Proscar®) okanye iDutasteride (Avodart®)
• Ukuba uthatha amayeza afana ne-`(Finasteride (Propecia®))` okunceda ukulahleka kweenwele.
• Ukuba ukhe wenziwa utyando lwe-BPH, umzekelo, i-Transurethral Resection (TUR).
• Ukuba usandul’ ukwenza i-prostate biopsy, oko kukuthi, kwiiveki ezi-6 ezidlulileyo.
• Ukuba usandul’ ukusebenzisa i-catheter yomchamo okanye wenze naluphi na olunye unyango oluchaphazela inkqubo yakho yomchamo.
• Ukuba unesifo esichaphazela isibindi sakho, esifana ne-cirrhosis yesibindi, i-cystic fibrosis, okanye i-hepatitis C.
• Ukuba okwangoku une-urinary tract infection (UTI), okanye ubukhe waba nayo kwiinyanga ezintathu ezidlulileyo.

La mayeza kunye neenkqubo zinokuchaphazela amanqanaba akho e-PSA, okwenza kube nzima kugqirha wakho ukulinganisa ngokuchanekileyo amanqanaba akho e-PSA.

Ngoko ke, ugqirha wakho uza kukunika imiyalelo embalwa kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ngaphambi kovavanyo ukuze akuncede ufumane iziphumo ezichanekileyo kangangoko. Le miyalelo ingabandakanya:

• Ziphephe naziphi na izenzo zesondo iiyure ezingama-48 ngaphambi kovavanyo lwakho lwe-PSA. Oku kuquka ukuphulula amalungu esini. Ukukhupha i-ejaculation kunokunyusa amanqanaba akho e-PSA okwethutyana.
• Kuphephe ukuzilolonga iiyure ezingama-48 ngaphambi kovavanyo lwe-PSA. Ukuzilolonga ngamandla, ingakumbi ukukhwela ibhayisekile, kunokunyusa okwethutyana amanqanaba akho e-PSA.

Kwenzeka ntoni xa uvavanyo lwe-PSA lwenziwe?

Kulula kakhulu. Uvavanyo lwe-PSA lufana novavanyo lwegazi oluqhelekileyo. Nantsi into eyenziwa ngumboneleli wezempilo:

• Ngokwesiqhelo, kukhethwa umthambo engalweni yakho kwaye ulusu olukuloo ndawo lucocwa nge-antiseptic.
• Emva koko, kusetyenziswa inaliti encinci, kuthathwa igazi elincinci emthanjeni.
• Ekugqibeleni, loo sampuli yegazi ithunyelwa kwilebhu ukuze ihlolwe.

Uvavanyo lwe-PSA luthatha ixesha elingakanani?

Ukutsalwa kwegazi kuthatha imizuzu embalwa kuphela. Emva koko, abasebenzi bezonyango banokukucela ukuba uphumle imizuzu embalwa ngaphambi kokuba uvuke uhambe.

Kwenzeka ntoni emva kovavanyo?

Emva kokuba inaliti isusiwe, kubekwa iqhekeza elicocekileyo lekotoni okanye i-gauze phezu kwendawo ukuze kuthintelwe ukopha. Emva koko kufakwa ibhandishi encinci.

• Ufanele uyigcine loo bandage kangangeeyure ezimbalwa, kwaye ungayivumeli ukuba imanzi.
• Sela amanzi amaninzi emva kokunikela ngegazi.
• Kwakhona, kuphephe ukuzilolonga iiyure ezimbalwa emva kovavanyo lwakho lwegazi, kuba ukuzilolonga emva kokunikela ngegazi kwandisa umngcipheko wezi zinto zilandelayo:
• Ukudinwa
• Isiyezi
• Ukuquleka
• Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza
• Ukopha
• Imivumbo

Ngaba kukho naziphi na iingozi kuvavanyo lwe-PSA?

Kukho iingozi ezincinci okanye iingxaki ezinxulumene novavanyo lwe-PSA. Jonga oku:

• Ukongeza kumhlaza weprostate, ezinye iimeko zinokubangela amanqanaba aphezulu e-PSA. Umzekelo, i-benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), i-prostatitis, kunye nosulelo lomchamo (UTIs). Oku ngamanye amaxesha kunokubangela ixhala elingeyomfuneko kunye nesidingo sovavanyo olongezelelweyo.
• Ezinye iintlobo zomhlaza weprostate azibangeli ukuba amanqanaba ePSA anyuke. Oku kuthetha ukuba nokuba uvavanyo lwakho lwePSA lubonisa ukuba amanqanaba akho aqhelekile, usenokuba nomhlaza (nangona oku kungenakwenzeka).
• Usenokuziva unesicaphucaphu, unesizungu, okanye udiniwe ngexesha okanye emva kokutsalwa kwegazi.
• Kusenokubakho iintlungu okanye imikrwelo kwindawo yenaliti kangangeentsuku ezimbalwa.

Zithini iziphumo ozifumanayo? Kwaye zithetha ukuthini?

Njengoko besikhe sathetha ngaphambili, amanqanaba e-PSA ayahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwiminyaka yakho. Ukuba amanqanaba akho e-PSA aphezulu kunokuba bekulindelwe kwiqela lakho leminyaka, akuthethi ukuba unomhlaza we-prostate. Nangona kunjalo, oku kunokubonisa umngcipheko onyukileyo kancinci. Ukuba kunjalo, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ezinye iimvavanyo. Ezi zinokubandakanya:

• Uvavanyo lwemifanekiso: I-MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) okanye i-Transrectal Ultrasound ingathatha imifanekiso eneenkcukacha zeprostate yakho. Ukuba kufunyenwe naziphi na iindawo ezikrokrisayo, ugqirha wakho unokuyalela ukuba kwenziwe i-biopsy.
• I-Prostate Biopsy: Kulapho ugqirha wakho ethatha isampuli encinci yezicubu kwi-prostate yakho aze ayivavanye ukuze abone ukuba kukho iiseli zomhlaza. Le yindlela ekuphela kwayo yokwazi ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba unomhlaza we-prostate kwaye ufumanise inqanaba lawo.

Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukufumana iziphumo zovavanyo lwe-PSA?

NgokwesiqheloUfanele ufumane iziphumo zovavanyo lwakho lwe-PSA kwisithuba seveki . Ugqirha wakho unokukufowunela aze akucele ukuba wenze idinga lokuxoxa ngeziphumo.

Ngawaphi amanqanaba e-PSA abonisa umhlaza?

Inqanaba eliphezulu le-PSA akuthethi ukuba unomhlaza we-prostate. Akukho nqanaba lithile le-PSA elinokukuxelela ukuba unomhlaza okanye akunjalo. Indlela ekuphela kwayo yokwazi ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba unomhlaza we-prostate kukwenza i-prostate biopsy.

Kodwa, kukho oku:

• Ukuba inqanaba lakho le-PSA liphakathi kwe-4 kunye ne-10 (ng/ml) , unethuba elingaphezulu kwe-25% lokufumana umhlaza we-prostate.
• Ukuba inqanaba lakho le-PSA lingaphezulu kwe-10 (ng/ml) , unethuba elingaphezulu kwama-50% lokufumana umhlaza weprostate.

Ukuba inqanaba lakho le-PSA likule migangatho, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthetha nogqirha wakho malunga ne-prostate biopsy.

Ufika nini kugqirha

Thetha nogqirha malunga novavanyo lwe-PSA ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi meko:

• Ukuba une-prostate kwaye uneminyaka engama-50 ubudala okanye ngaphezulu (ezinye iingcebiso zithi emva kweminyaka engama-45).
• Ukuba usengozini enkulu yokuba nomhlaza wendlala. (Umngcipheko wakho unokuba phezulu ukuba umntu kusapho lwakho ukhe waba nomhlaza wendlala, okanye ukuba umnyama. Thetha nogqirha wakho ngale nto.)
• Ukuba uneempawu zomhlaza we-prostate.

Ngowuphi umgangatho we-PSA ekufuneka uwuqwalasele?

Ngokubanzi, inqanaba le-PSA elingaphezulu kwe-10 ng/ml libonisa umngcipheko ophezulu womhlaza we-prostate. Nangona kunjalo, nokuba kumanqanaba aphantsi, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa uvavanyo olongezelelweyo olusekelwe kwezinye izinto.

Zithini iimpawu zomhlaza we-prostate wesigaba soku-1?

Uninzi lwexesha, umhlaza weprostate awubonisi zimpawu kwasekuqaleni kwawo. Yiyo loo nto uvavanyo olufana novavanyo lwe-PSA lubaluleke kangaka.

Iimpawu ezilumkisayo zomhlaza weprostate

Njengoko umhlaza we-prostate uqhubeka, unokufumana iimpawu ezifana nezi:

• Utshintsho kumchamo: Oku kungabandakanya ukungakwazi ukuzibamba komchamo, ubuthathaka bomchamo, iintlungu okanye ukutsha xa uchama (i-dysuria), kunye nesidingo sokuchama rhoqo (ingakumbi ebusuku).
• Intlungu esiswini esisezantsi, esinqeni, okanye esifubeni: Oku kunokuthetha ukuba umhlaza weprostate usasazeke nakwamanye amalungu omzimba.
• Igazi kumchamo okanye kwimbewu yesidoda: Umhlaza weprostate unokuchaphazela iindawo ezithile zenkqubo yomchamo kunye neyokuzala, nto leyo enokubangela igazi kumchamo (hematuria) okanye igazi kwimbewu yesidoda (hematospermia).
• Intlungu yamathambo: Xa umhlaza usasazekile (umhlaza weprostate oqhubele phambili), unokusasazeka uye emathanjeni uze ubangele iintlungu.
• Ukwehla kobunzima ngendlela engachazekiyo: Ukwehla kobunzima ngaphandle komzamo kunokuba luphawu lomhlaza.
• Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-erectile kunye nentlungu ngexesha lokukhupha i-ejaculation (i-Dysorgasmia okanye i-Orgasmalgia): Umhlaza we-prostate unokwenza kube nzima ukufumana nokugcina i-ejaculation ngexesha lokwabelana ngesondo. Unokubangela intlungu ngexesha lokukhupha i-ejaculation.

Ndingalinciphisa njani inqanaba lam le-PSA ngokukhawuleza?

Akukho ndlela iqinisekileyo yokunciphisa amanqanaba akho e-PSA. Nangona kunjalo, uphando oluthile lubonisa ukuba ukwenza utshintsho oluthile kwindlela yakho yokuphila kunye nokutya kunokunceda ukwehlisa amanqanaba akho e-PSA. Nazi ezinye iingcebiso:

• Yitya ukutya okuninzi okutyebileyo kwi-lycopene: I-Lycopene yikhemikhali enika ezinye iziqhamo nemifuno umbala wazo opinki okanye obomvu. Kukholelwa ukuba ineempawu zokulwa nomhlaza. Iitamatisi (ingakumbi iitamatisi eziphekiweyo), i-watermelon, ii-apricots, i-grapefruit ebomvu, kunye ne-guava epinki zityebile kwi-lycopene.
• Cinga ngokutya okusekwe kwizityalo: Ukutya okutyebileyo kwimifuno, iziqhamo, kunye neembotyi kunokunyusa amasosha omzimba wakho kwaye kuthintele ukukhula kweeseli zomhlaza.
• Thatha iVithamini D: IVithamini D inceda ekwakheni nasekugcineni amathambo aqinileyo, kwaye ikwaqinisa inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela. Umzimba wakho wenza iVithamini D xa ujongene nelanga kusasa. Ukutya okufana neentlanzi ezinamafutha, ubisi oluqinisiweyo, ubisi olusekwe kwizityalo, ijusi yeorenji, i-cereal, kunye ne-oatmeal ziqulethe iVithamini D. Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukuba uthathe izongezo zeVithamini D.
• Yandisa umsebenzi womzimba: Ukuzilolonga okuphakathi ukuya kokunamandla kunokunceda ekunciphiseni amanqanaba akho e-PSA. Oku kuquka ukuhamba imihla ngemihla, ukubaleka, ukuphakamisa iintsimbi, kunye nemidlalo yokuzonwabisa.

Akukho nanye kwezi iqinisekisiweyo ngokupheleleyo ukuba iza kwehlisa amanqanaba e-PSA, kodwa iluncedo kwimpilo iyonke. Kububulumko ukufuna iingcebiso zonyango ngaphambi kokuba wenze naluphi na utshintsho kwindlela yokutya okanye uqalise naluphi na uhlobo lokuzilolonga.

Izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Uvavanyo lwe-prostate-specific antigen (PSA) sisixhobo esibalulekileyo sokuvavanya impilo ye-prostate yakho. Kungumbono olungileyo ukwenza uvavanyo lwe-PSA rhoqo xa uneminyaka engama-50 (okanye engama-40-45 ukuba unezinto ezinobungozi). Nangona kunjalo, ukuba unesifo esinobungozi obukhulu, thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokufumana uvavanyo lwe-PSA kwangethuba. Ukuze ufumane iziphumo ezichanekileyo kangangoko, landela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho ngononophelo ngaphambi kovavanyo. Ukuba unemibuzo malunga noku, ugqirha wakho ukhona ukuze ayiphendule.

Musa ukoyika, eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba uqaphele. Ukubhaqwa kwangethuba kunokwenza umahluko omkhulu!

I- Prostate, uvavanyo lwe-PSA, umhlaza we-prostate, impilo yamadoda, inqanaba le-PSA, uvavanyo lomhlaza, uvavanyo lwegazi