Ukuba unesifo seswekile, kufuneka ucinge ngakumbi ngempilo yentliziyo yakho, izintso, kunye nengqondo. Kuba isifo seswekile sikwenza ube nethuba eliphindwe kabini lokuba nesifo esiyingozi esibizwa ngokuba yistroke kunomntu ongenaso. Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Ngendlela yokuphila enempilo kunye nonyango olufanelekileyo, singawulawula lo mngcipheko kakhulu. Ngoko ke, masithethe ngale nto ngokulula.
Yintoni kanye kanye istroke?
Ngamafutshane, istroke kukuphazamiseka kokuhamba kwegazi ukuya engqondweni. Cinga ngayo njengenkqubo yemibhobho epompa amanzi ukuya engqondweni yethu. Le mibhobho yegazi inika iiseli zengqondo ioksijini kunye nezondlo ezifunekayo ukuze ziphile. Okwenzekayo kwistroke kukuba enye yale mibhobho yegazi ivaleke ngequbuliso okanye yonakale. Ukuba ukuhamba kwegazi ukuya kwinxalenye yengqondo kuyema ngaphezu kwemizuzu emi-3-4, iiseli ezikuloo nxalenye ziqala ukufa. Yiyo le nto ibangela ukuba imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo emzimbeni ilahleke.
Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili zestroke:
- I-Ischemic Stroke: Olu lolona hlobo luxhaphakileyo. Lwenzeka xa umthambo wegazi ohambisa igazi engqondweni uvalwe lihlwili legazi.
- I-Hemorrhagic Stroke: Oku kwenzeka xa umthambo wegazi engqondweni uqhuma uze uphume igazi ungene engqondweni.
Xa umntu onesifo seswekile enesifo sohlangothi, amandla omzimba okusabela kuso nawo ayancitshiswa. Ngokwesiqhelo, ukuba umthambo omnye wegazi uvalekile, umzimba uzama ukuhambisa igazi engqondweni ngeminye imithambo yegazi efana nokudlula. Kodwa xa unesifo seswekile, kwanaloo mithambo yegazi eyongezelelweyo inokuncipha kwaye ijiye ngokuhamba kwexesha ngenxa yamafutha agciniweyo (i-plaque). Kwizonyango, oku sikubiza ngokuba yi-"Atherosclerosis" . Kufana nomhlwa owenzeka ngaphakathi kombhobho wamanzi. Emva koko loo mfumba yegazi ibalulekileyo iyavaleka kakhulu.
Ziziphi izizathu eziphambili zestroke?
Eyona nto iphambili ebangela isifo sohlangothi luxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu . Ukongeza, ezi zinto zilandelayo zikwanyusa umngcipheko:
- Ukutshaya icuba.
- Amanqanaba aphezulu e-cholesterol embi egazini (i-LDL ephezulu).
- Isifo seswekile esingalawulekiyo.
- Isifo sentliziyo.
Lumka kakhulu ngezi mpawu!
Nokuba unesifo seswekile okanye awunaso, isifo sohlangothi sisifo esingxamisekileyo sezonyango. Ukuba wena okanye umntu omaziyo unezinye zezi mpawu, kufuneka uye kwicandelo lezonyango elingxamisekileyo (ETU) ngaphandle kokulibazisa . Ixesha libaluleke kakhulu.
| Uphawu olungxamisekileyo | Uyiqonda njani? |
|---|---|
| Ukuba ndindisholo okanye ubuthathaka | Ukuba ndindisholo okanye ubuthathaka bobuso, ingalo, okanye umlenze ngequbuliso (ingakumbi kwelinye icala lomzimba). |
| Ubunzima bokuthetha | Amagama ayaxanana, ungaqondi okanye uthethe nesivakalisi esilula. |
| Ukukhubazeka kokubona | Umbono kwelinye okanye omabini amehlo ngequbuliso uyafiphala okanye unyamalale. |
| Ubunzima bokuginya | Ngequbuliso awukwazi ukuginya into. |
| Ukudinwa, ukulahlekelwa yibhalansi | Ukudinwa ngequbuliso, ukulahlekelwa yibhalansi xa uhamba kunye nomngcipheko wokuwa. |
| Ukukhubazeka komzimba | Ngequbuliso, awukwazi ukushukumisa inxalenye yomzimba wakho, umzekelo, ingalo okanye umlenze. |
| Intloko ebuhlungu kakhulu | Intloko ebuhlungu neqatha, ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacileyo, ongazange uyibone ebomini bakho. |
Zithini iindlela zonyango?
Kwi-ischemic stroke, oko kukuthi, i-stroke ebangelwa kukuqhekeka kwegazi, unyango oluphambili liyeza elinyibilikisa amahlwili egazi elibizwa ngokuba yi-`(tPA).` Kodwa eli liyeza kufuneka linikwe kwiiyure zokuqala ezi-3-4.5 emva kokuqala kweempawu . Yiyo loo nto sithi masiye kwi-ETU ngoko nangoko. Kodwa eli yeza alinakunikwa wonke umntu. Alinikwa kwiimeko ezifana nezo zisandula ukwenziwa utyando olukhulu okanye ezenzeke entloko.
Ukongeza, kukho ezinye iindlela zonyango:
- I-Carotid Endarterectomy: Olu lutyando olususa ngotyando iidipozithi zamafutha (i-plaque) eziqokelelene ngaphakathi kwi-carotid artery, umthambo omkhulu ohambisa igazi engqondweni.
- I-Carotid Angioplasty kunye ne-Stenting: Kule nkqubo, isixhobo esifana nebhaluni sifakwa ngetyhubhu encinci kwimithambo yegazi evalekileyo, sivuthe ukuze siwandise. Emva koko kufakwa i-stent efana ne-mesh ukuthintela ukuba imithambo yegazi ingaphinde inciphe.
- Ezinye iindlela: Kwabanye abaguli, izixhobo ezikhethekileyo ezifana neMerci Retrieval System kunye nePenumbra System ngoku zisetyenziselwa ukususa ihlwili legazi.
Ugqirha wakho uza kugqiba unyango olufanelekileyo kuwe.
Usinda njani xa uhlaselwe sistroke?
Zininzi izinto onokuzenza ukuthintela isifo sohlangothi ukuba unesifo seswekile. Ukufaka ezi zinto kwindlela ophila ngayo yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuzikhusela.
| Okufanele ukulandele | Kutheni oko kubalulekile? |
|---|---|
| Kuphephe ukutshaya ngokupheleleyo. | Ukutshaya kuyayonakalisa imithambo yegazi kwaye kwandisa kakhulu umngcipheko westroke. |
| Lawula amanqanaba eswekile egazini. | Ulawulo olufanelekileyo lwesifo seswekile lunokunciphisa umonakalo kwimithambo yegazi. |
| Gcina ubunzima bakho busempilweni. | Ubunzima obugqithisileyo bubangela uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, i-cholesterol, kunye nesifo seswekile. |
| Zilolonge rhoqo. | Ukuzilolonga ubuncinane imizuzu engama-30 ngosuku, iintsuku ezi-5 ngeveki, kuyayomeleza intliziyo nemithambo yegazi. |
| Jonga amanqanaba e-cholesterol. | Zama ukugcina inqanaba le-cholesterol yakho ye-LDL (embi) lingaphantsi kwe-70 mg/dl. Ugqirha wakho uza kukunika iingcebiso ngale nto. |
| Nciphisa utywala. | Kucetyiswa ukuba abafazi bangaseli ngaphezu kwesinye ngosuku, kwaye kumadoda bangaseli ngaphezu kwesibini. |
| Jonga uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi rhoqo. | Ukuba uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi luphezulu, landela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho ukuze ululawule. |
| Sela amayeza kanye njengoko ugqirha ekuyalele. | Kubalulekile ukuthatha amayeza achazwe ngugqirha wakho (umz., i-aspirin, amayeza okwehlisa i-cholesterol) njengoko eyalelwe. Ungaze uqale okanye uyeke ukuthatha amayeza ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha. |
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ukuba nesifo seswekile kuyandisa kakhulu umngcipheko westroke.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuya kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) esibhedlele ngokukhawuleza ukuba ubona naziphi na iimpawu ezingxamisekileyo, ezinjengokungaziva/ukulahlekelwa zingqondo kwelinye icala lomzimba okanye ubunzima bokuthetha.
- Eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuthintela isifo sohlangothi kukugcina iswekile egazini, uxinzelelo lwegazi, kunye namanqanaba e-cholesterol ephantsi kolawulo olufanelekileyo.
- Ukuyeka ukutshaya, ukuzilolonga rhoqo, nokutya ukutya okunempilo kunokunceda ekusindiseni ubomi bakho.
- Soloko uthetha nogqirha wakho kwaye ulandele icebiso lakhe malunga nonyango kunye notshintsho kwindlela ophila ngayo.
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