Masifunde ngenxalenye ebalulekileyo yenkqubo yakho yokwetyisa: i-rectum.

Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngenxalenye ebaluleke kakhulu yomzimba wethu, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha ingahoywa. Leyo yi-rectum, okanye ngesiNgesi, i-rectum. Le yinxalenye esekupheleni kwenkqubo yethu yokugaya ukutya. Makhe sijonge ukuba yintoni, isebenza njani, kwaye zeziphi izifo enokuzibangela.

Yintoni i-rectum?

Ngamafutshane, i-rectum yakho yinxalenye yokugqibela yamathumbu akho amakhulu. Uyazi, amathumbu amakhulu ngumbhobho omde. Kulapho kukho khona i-colon, i-rectum, kunye ne-anus. I-rectum yakho yi -intshi ezi-6 zokugqibela zale nto. Emva koko umjelo we-anal uqala. Le yindawo yokugqibela yokutya esikutyayo ngaphambi kokuba kudlule emizimbeni yethu kwaye ekugqibeleni kuphume njengenkunkuma. Xa inkunkuma eseleyo ekugayweni kokutya, ebizwa ngokuba yindle, ifikelela kwi-anus esuka kwi-colon, iqokelelana apho de imithambo-luvo isixelele ukuba siye kwindlu yangasese.

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kweColon kunye neRectum?

I-rectum yakho iqala apho i-colon yakho iphela khona. Zombini zenziwe ngezinto ezifanayo. Oko kukuthi, iileya zemisipha, iileya zezicubu, amadlala akhupha kwaye afunxe izinto ngaphakathi. Nangona kunjalo, i-colon inde kakhulu. Kwakhona, ukutya kuyaqhubeka nokugaywa njengoko kudlula kwi-colon. Kodwa xa ifika kwi-anus yakho, sele ibe yinkunkuma eqinileyo, okanye indle. Into eyenziwa yi-anus yakho kukubamba le nkunkuma okwethutyana, ukufunxa amanzi amaninzi kunye nee-electrolytes ezikuyo, kwaye uyigcine ide ifike ixesha lokuyikhupha.

Ngoko ke yintoni umahluko phakathi kwe-rectum kunye ne-anus?

Umjelo wempundu uqala ekupheleni kwe-rectum yakho. Yisentimitha ezimbalwa zokugqibela zamathumbu akho amakhulu. Impundu kulapho kukho khona izihlunu ezibalulekileyo ezilawula ukuhamba kwamathumbu akho, ezibizwa ngokuba yi-anal sphincters . Ezi zizinto ezisivumela ukuba sibambe kwaye siphume indle xa sifuna.

I-rectum isebenza njani kwinkqubo yethu yokugaya ukutya?

Umsebenzi ophambili we-rectum kukuqokelela nokubamba indle yakho ide ifike ixesha lokuyikhupha. I-rectum yakho iyaphumla kwaye yolule ukuze ivumelane nenkunkuma evela kumathumbu akho, njengebhaluni. Oko kuthetha ukuba iyenza indawo yayo. Xa ubamba indle yakho ngale ndlela, i-rectum ifunxa amanzi aseleyo kunye nee-electrolytes ezikuyo, okwenza ibe nkulu kancinci. Ikwakhupha into ebizwa ngokuba yi-mucus ukunceda indle idlule lula. Xa oku kugcwele, imithambo-luvo ithumela umqondiso engqondweni wokuba kufuneka uye kwindlu yangasese ngoku. Kulapho ke siziva khona isidingo.

Iphi i-rectum?

Amathumbu akho amakhulu ajikeleze amathumbu amancinci, emacaleni omgodi wesisu. I-rectum ikwisiphelo sale mathumbu amakhulu, phantsi kwamanye amalungu esiswini, kwaye igobile ijonge emngxunyeni wempundu. Ngokuchanekileyo, ikwi-pelvic cavity, eyindawo yakho yesisu, phakathi kwemisipha yomgangatho we-pelvic. Inxalenye ephezulu ye-rectum iqhagamshelwe kwi-sigmoid colon, kwaye inxalenye esezantsi iqhagamshelwe kwi-anus.

Ingakanani i-rectum?

I-rectum idla ngokuba phakathi kweesentimitha ezili-10 ukuya kwezili-15 ubude. Oko malunga neesentimitha ezi-5 okanye ezi-6. Kodwa le ikhethekile. Xa izihlunu zisebenza ukutyhala indle ngaphandle, inokufinyela kwaye imfutshane, njengethoyi. Njengamanye amathumbu amakhulu, ububanzi bayo bumalunga neesentimitha ezi-3. Oko malunga nesiqingatha sobubanzi bayo. Kodwa inokwandiswa, okanye yande, ukuze igcine indle engaphezulu okwethutyana, njengendawo yokugcina amanzi.

Zithini iindawo ze-rectum?

I-rectum imile okwe-'S' encinci. Ineegobe ezimbini. Igobe eliphezulu, elibizwa ngokuba yi-sacral flexure , lilandela igobe lomqolo wakho. Igobe elisezantsi, elibizwa ngokuba yi-anorectal flexure , liphawula utshintsho oluvela kwi-rectum ukuya kwi-anus. Ezi gobe zikunceda ukulawula iintshukumo zakho zamathumbu (continence).

I-rectum nayo yahlulwe yangamacandelo, njenge-worm. La macandelo ahlulwe ngamagophe athe tye kwi-inner lining, ebizwa ngokuba zii-valve zaseHouston .

La magumbi mathathu okanye mane kwi-rectum alawula ukuhamba kwendle. Igumbi lokugqibela libizwa ngokuba yi-rectal ampulla . Eli yindawo yokugcina yokugcina ngaphambi kokuba indle iphume. Xa eli gumbi lizele, ii-stretch receptors eludongeni lwe-rectum zinika imiqondiso kwinkqubo ye-nervous ephakathi ukuba lixesha lokuba nentshukumo yamathumbu. Njengoko uxinzelelo lukhula, kuba nzima ukuzibamba , uyazi?

Ziziphi izifo kunye neemeko eziqhelekileyo ezichaphazela i-rectum?

Izifo ze-rectum zinokuchaphazela ulwelo, izihlunu, okanye imithambo-luvo engaphakathi kwe-rectum. Oku kunokubangela iintlungu kwaye kuphazamise ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo. Makhe sijonge ezinye zezona meko zixhaphakileyo :

• I-Proctitis: Oku kukudumba kwe-rectum, okunokubangela ukudumba nokubomvu. Kungabangelwa okwethutyana zizifo ezithile, ingakumbi izifo ezidluliselwa ngesondo (ii-STI). Kungabangelwa nesifo samathumbu esidumbileyo (i-IBD).I-proctitis engapheliyo inokwenzeka ngenxa yezifo ezihlala ixesha elide ezifana nezi:
• Izilonda ezisemathunjini: Ezi zizilonda ezibuhlungu nezivulekileyo. Ngamanye amaxesha ezi zilonda zinokopha.
• Ithumba le-Perianal: Eli liqhuma elibuhlungu nelizele bubomvu elenzeka kwi-anus, emngxunyeni we-anal, okanye kwindawo engqongileyo (i-perineum).
• Iipolyps zeColorectal: Ukukhula okuncinci, okunenyama (iipolyps) kumathumbu amakhulu nakwi-rectum kuqhelekile. Azisoloko ziyingozi. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye iipolyps zinokukhula zibe ngumhlaza we-colorectal.
• Ukuhla kwesisu: Ngenxa yobuthathaka bemisipha ebambe i-rectum endaweni yayo, i-rectum inokwehla ize iphume iye kumjelo wempundu, njengeteleskopu.
• I-Levator syndrome: Le meko ifumene igama layo kwimisipha ye-levator ani ebamba i-anus endaweni yayo. Ibangela iintlungu ngamanye amaxesha kwi-anus. Ngokuqhelekileyo kucingelwa ukuba ibangelwa kukuxinana kwemisipha.
• Ukungakwazi ukuzibamba kwindle: Iingxaki zemisipha okanye imithambo-luvo ekwi-rectum zinokwenza kube nzima ukubamba indle. Oku kunokukhokelela ekuvuzeni okanye ekuvuthweni ngokupheleleyo kwendle.
• Ukuzithuma okuvalekileyo: Ubunzima bokuphuma kwendle bunokubangelwa zizinto zomzimba nezengqondo. Oku kunokubangelwa kukuncipha kwemvakalelo kwi-rectum okanye ukungabikho kokulungelelaniswa kwemisipha, njengokungasebenzi kakuhle komgangatho we-pelvic .
• Ukuqhinwa kunye nokutsalwa lindle: Ubunzima bokuphuma kwindle kunye nokungaphumi ngokwaneleyo kwindle kunokubangela ukuba kubekho amatye endle aze abhajwe kwi-rectum.

Ziziphi iimpawu ezibonisa ukuba kunokubakho ingxaki kwi-rectum?

Ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi mpawu, kulungile ukuthetha nogqirha malunga nempilo yakho yangasemva:

• Ukubona amabala egazi kwimpahla yakho yangaphantsi okanye kwindlu yangasese (Ukuphuma kwegazi eRectal).
• Intlungu ye-anorectum, okanye intlungu kwisisu esisezantsi okanye kwi-pelvis.
• Ukurhawuzelelwa komngxuma wempundu okanye iimpawu zosulelo ezijikeleze umngxuma wempundu.
• Utshintsho kwi-chair, umzekelo, utshintsho kumbala we-chair, ukuhambelana kwayo, okanye ukuphindaphinda kwayo.
• Ukuziva rhoqo ufuna ukukhupha indle (tenesmus) , okanye ubunzima kunye nentlungu xa uphuma ebhedini (dyschezia) .
• Iqhuma lenyama eliphuma kwi-anus (i-pelvic organ prolapse).

Oogqirha bayijonga njani impilo ye-rectum yam?

Kukho iimvavanyo ezininzi ezisetyenziswa ngoogqirha ukuhlola i-rectum. Makhe sijonge ukuba zeziphi:

• Uvavanyo lweDijithali lweRectal (DRE): Oku kubandakanya ugqirha ofaka umnwe ogqunywe iglavu kwirectum yakho. Le DRE ingenziwa njengenxalenye yovavanyo lomzimba oluqhelekileyo okanye njengenxalenye yovavanyo lwabasetyhini. Ayinakuhlolisisa kuphela irectum yakho, kodwa kunye neprostate yakho okanye umlomo wesibeleko ngodonga lwerectum.
• Ukukhula kwesisu: Kolu vavanyo, ugqirha uthambisa ingaphakathi lesisu sakho nge-cotton swab aze emva koko atyale isampuli ukuze abone ukuba kukho iintsholongwane okanye iintsholongwane.
• Uvavanyo lwesitulo: Ugqirha angathatha isampuli yesitulo sakho aze asijonge ukuba kukho iimpawu zosulelo, ukopha, okanye iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi eziphezulu.
• I-anorectal manometry: Olu vavanyo lulinganisa indlela izihlunu zakho kunye nemithambo-luvo ezisebenzisana ngayo ukutyhala isitulo ngaphandle. I-catheter enebhaluni eqhotyoshelweyo ifakwa kwi-anus yakho, kwaye ibhaluni ifunxwa ngamanzi afudumeleyo. Elinye icala le-catheter liqhagamshelwe kumatshini olinganisa ukusebenza kwezihlunu zakho.
• I-Defecography: Kolu vavanyo, ii-X-ray okanye ii-MRIs zithathwa kwizitho zakho zangaphakathi ngelixa uzama ukwenza intshukumo yamathumbu. Oku kukubona indlela amalungu kunye nezihlunu ezahlukeneyo ezisebenza ngayo. Ingcali yezonyango ifaka into ethile yezonyango kwi-rectum yakho, uze uyikhuphe njengendle. Ukwenza oku ngelixa uhleli kwindawo yokufota yabucala. Bajonga amalungu akho kwiscreen sekhompyutha.
• I-Barium enema: Olu luhlobo lwe-GI X-ray. Ithatha imifanekiso ye-fluoroscopic, okanye ividiyo, ye-X-ray yamathumbu akho amakhulu, kuquka ne-rectum yakho. I-barium enema luhlobo lwedayi yomahluko. Ifakwa kwi-rectum yakho njenge-enema. Imifanekiso emnyama namhlophe ibonisa ezi ndawo ngokucacileyo.
• I-Proctoscopy: I- proctoscopy yinkqubo yokujonga ngaphakathi kwe-rectum yakho usebenzisa ityhubhu emfutshane, eqinileyo (scope). I-proctoscope yityhubhu engenanto enesibane kunye nekhamera ekupheleni. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, ugqirha unokudlulisa isixhobo kwityhubhu ukuze athathe isampuli yezicubu (biopsy).
• I-sigmoidoscopy eguquguqukayo: Ukuba ugqirha kufuneka ajonge ngaphakathi kancinci, oko kukuthi, inxalenye yokugqibela yamathumbu amakhulu, apho iqhagamshela khona kwi-rectum (i-sigmoid colon yakho), ityhubhu ende kancinci ebizwa ngokuba yi-flexible sigmoidoscope ingasetyenziswa. Ukuba kukho ingxaki nge-colon yakho,Isenokuba sisifo samathumbu esibangela ukudumba (IBD) okanye usulelo lwesisu. Olu vavanyo lufuna ukulungiswa kwamathumbu.

Ndingayigcina njani i-rectum yam isempilweni?

Nangona ingezizo zonke izifo ezibangelwa yimpundu ezinokuthintelwa, unganciphisa umngcipheko wokuba nezinye ngokulandela le mikhwa ilula yempilo:

• Ziqhelise ngesondo elikhuselekileyo: Izifo ezidluliselwa ngesondo (ii-STI) ezichaphazela umngxuma wakho wempundu nazo zinokosulela i-rectum yakho. Yenza iqabane lakho livavanyelwe ii-STI, kwaye usebenzise iindlela ezikhuselekileyo ukuba unamathandabuzo.
• Ukutya okunempilo kukhuthaza ukuhamba kwamathumbu okunempilo: Yitya ukutya okucutshungulwayo okuncinci kunye nokutya okungokwemvelo okufana neenkozo ezipheleleyo, imifuno, kunye neziqhamo. Oku kunokunceda ukuthintela ukuqhina kunye nobunzima bokuphuma endle, nto leyo enokubangela ezinye iingxaki ezininzi.
• Fumana i-colonoscopy yakho: I-colonoscopy eqhelekileyo yindlela ebaluleke kakhulu yokujonga ii-polyps kwi-colon kunye nokuthintela umhlaza we-colorectal.
• Musa ukuzityeshela iimpawu: Ukuba unentlungu engapheliyo, utshintsho kwindlela ohamba ngayo, okanye ubunzima bokuqunjelwa, bona ugqirha ngaphambi kokuba imeko ibe mandundu.

Okokugqibela, izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule

I-rectum yakho ifana nebhulorho ebaluleke kakhulu phakathi kwenkqubo yakho yokugaya ukutya kunye nokuhamba kwamathumbu akho. Ikholoni yakho kwelinye icala kunye ne-anus yakho kwelinye icala zinokuchaphazela impilo ye-rectum yakho, kwaye ke, i-rectum yakho inokuchaphazeleka.

Iingxaki zerectum zinokuba yinto engathandekiyo kwaye zide zibe neentloni. Nangona kunjalo, eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukufumana uncedo olufunayo. Ingcali ye-gastroenterologist okanye i-proctologist inokukunceda uxilonge kwaye unyange iingxaki zerectum. Ngoko ke, ungakhathazeki kwaye funa ingcebiso kagqirha.

Impundu , isitulo, ukugaya ukutya, ukuqhina, izifo zeempundu, i-colonoscopy