Ingaba umhlaza ubuyile kuwe? (Ukuphinda Ubuye Komhlaza) Musa ukoyika, masithethe ngale nto!

Emva kokulwa nomhlaza, ukufumana unyango, nokuziva ungcono kancinci, kunokuba nzima ukuva ukuba umhlaza ungabuya, akunjalo? Kunzima kakhulu. Kodwa khumbula ukuba awuwedwa ngeli xesha. Masithethe ngokubuyela komhlaza kwakhona, intsingiselo yawo, isizathu sokuba usenzeka, kunye nento onokuyenza ngayo ngendlela elula neqondakalayo.

Kuthetha ukuthini ukuphinda umhlaza?

Ngamafutshane, umhlaza ophinda ubuye kwenzeka xa umhlaza ubuya emva konyango. Oku kungenzeka kwiinyanga okanye iminyaka emva kokuba ugqibile unyango. Ngamanye amaxesha umhlaza uphantse wanyamalala ngokupheleleyo, akukho zimpawu zibonakalisiweyo, kwaye awusakwazi ukubonwa kwiimvavanyo. Oku sikubiza ngokuba "kukuxolelwa." Nangona kunjalo, kwanangexesha "lokuxolelwa," umhlaza ungabuya. Ukuba oko kuyenzeka, oogqirha bakho baya kucebisa unyango olongezelelweyo. Ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko yakho, unokukwazi ukuphila kakuhle iminyaka emininzi nangona umhlaza ubuya.

Ziziphi iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokubuyela umva komhlaza?

Oogqirha bahlula umhlaza ngokwendawo obuya kuyo. Kukho iintlobo ezintathu eziphambili:

Ukuphinda-phinda Kwendawo

Oku kuthetha ukuba uhlobo olufanayo lomhlaza luza kuphinda luvele kwindawo efanayo apho umhlaza wawukhona kuqala. Khawuthelekelele ukuba unomhlaza weprostate kwaye ususwe ngotyando (iProstatectomy). Emva koko, umhlaza ungaphinda uvele kwindawo efanayo apho iprostate yayikhona. Oko kubizwa ngokuba yi-"Local Recurrence".

Ukuphinda-phinda kweNgingqi

Kulapho umhlaza usasazeka khona uye kwiindawo ze-lymph ezikufutshane okanye kwizicubu ezingqongileyo. Ezinye iintlobo zomhlaza, ezifana ne-Triple Negative Breast Cancer, zinokwanda kakhulu ngale ndlela.

Ukuphinda-phinda okude

Kule meko, iiseli ezivela kumhlaza wokuqala zisasazeka ziye kwizitho okanye kwizicubu ezikude emzimbeni, apho zenza khona umhlaza omtsha. Umzekelo, umhlaza wemiphunga ngamanye amaxesha unokusasazeka uye kwinkqubo yemithambo-luvo ephakathi, okanye ebuchotsheni, uze uphinde ubuye apho.

Zeziphi iintlobo zomhlaza ezinokuthi zibuye kwakhona?

Enyanisweni, naluphi na uhlobo lomhlaza lunokubuya. Nangona kunjalo, uphando lufumanise ukuba ezinye iintlobo zomhlaza zisengozini enkulu kancinci. Ezinye zazo ziquka:

• Umhlaza we-Ovarian
• I-Metastatic Melanoma , umhlaza wolusu owasasazeka kwamanye amalungu omzimba xa kwafunyaniswa ukuba unesifo.
• Uhlobo lwe-lymphoma olubizwa ngokuba yi-Peripheral T-cell Lymphoma (PTCL).

Nangona kunjalo, into ebalulekileyo apha kukuba la mapesenti luqikelelo nje oluqhelekileyo. Oku kunokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi, njengohlobo lomhlaza owawunawo, unyango lokuqala owalufumanayo, njl. Ngoko ke, ukuba umhlaza wakho ubuya, eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokwazi ngokuqinisekileyo kukuthetha nogqirha wakho.

Zithini iimpawu zokubuyela umva komhlaza?

Iimpawu zomhlaza obuyayo zinokufana nezezinye izifo. Ngoko ke, ngelixa unyamekela impilo yakho, kubalulekile ukubuza ugqirha wakho ngeempawu eziqhelekileyo ezinokuthi zihambelane nohlobo lomhlaza owawunawo. Uya kukuxelela emva koko ukuba zeziphi iimpawu ekufuneka uzijonge kunye novavanyo ekufuneka ulwenze ukujonga ukuba umhlaza ubuyile na. Bona ugqirha wakho ukuba ufumana naziphi na kwezi zilandelayo:

• Ukuba iimpawu ezazikho xa umhlaza wawuqala ukubonakala ziyavela kwakhona. Umzekelo, iqhuma okanye into efana nalo inokubuya apho umhlaza waqala khona.
• Intlungu engapheliyo.
• Ukukhohlela okungapheliyo.
• Ukuba unciphisa umzimba ngaphandle kwesizathu.
• Ukuba uphuma igazi ngendlela engaqhelekanga okanye unemikrwelo emzimbeni wakho.
• Umkhuhlane ongapheliyo.
• Ukuba uhlala uphathwa yintloko ebuhlungu .
• Ubunzima bokuphefumla (i-Dyspnea).
• Ukuba kukho igazi kwindle okanye kumchamo .
• Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza.
• Ubunzima bokuginya ukutya (i-Dysphagia).

Kutheni umhlaza uphinde ubuye?

Umhlaza ufana nethagethi ehambayo. Ngenxa yoko, kunzima kakhulu ukuba naluphi na unyango lubambe kwaye lutshabalalise zonke iiseli zomhlaza. Umzekelo, ngexesha lotyando lokususa ithumba, ezinye iiseli zinokuba zincinci kakhulu ukuba zingabanjwa. Iiseli zomhlaza zihlala zitshintsha kwaye zitshintsha. Ngamanye amaxesha, unyango lomhlaza aluzichaphazeli zonke iiseli zomhlaza ngendlela efanayo. Iiseli ezingamelaniyo nolo nyango zinokuqhubeka zikhula nangona unyango lusenziwa. Ezi zifunyanwa kamva ngexesha lovavanyo "lokulandelela".

Ungawubona njani umhlaza ophinda ubuye?

Uninzi lwezivavanyo ezifanayo ezisetyenziswa ngoogqirha ukufumanisa umhlaza kwasekuqaleni zikwasetyenziselwa ukufumanisa umhlaza obuyileyo. Ezinye zazo ziquka:

Uvavanyo lwegazi

Uvavanyo lwegazi lokujonga ukubuyela kwakhona komhlaza lungabandakanya:

• Inani elipheleleyo legazi:Oku kujonga inani leeseli zegazi kunye neeplatelets kwisampulu yegazi lakho. Oku kuvumela oogqirha ukuba bahlole impilo yakho iyonke baze bajonge iimpawu zokubuyela komhlaza.
• Uvavanyo lwe-Immunophenotyping: Oku kuchonga iintlobo ezithile zeeseli. Ukuba unomhlaza wegazi ofana ne-leukemia obuyileyo, ugqirha wakho angasebenzisa olu vavanyo ukuze afumane okungakumbi ngemeko yakho.
• I-Liquid Biopsy: Oku kuvavanya igazi lakho ukuze kubonwe iiseli zomhlaza okanye iziqwenga ze-DNA ezivela kwiiseli zomhlaza.
• Uvavanyo lweSimaki seSifo: Iimaki zeSifo zizinto ezikhutshwa ziiseli zomhlaza okanye zezinye iiseli ngenxa yomhlaza. Oogqirha basebenzisa olu vavanyo ukukhangela iimpawu zokuba umhlaza uyabuya.

Uvavanyo lokuFanekisa

Ukuba umhlaza wakho ubuya, oogqirha baza kusebenzisa uvavanyo lwemifanekiso ukuze bafunde ngakumbi ngeethumba ezintsha ezivele kumhlaza wokuqala. Ezi zingabandakanya:

• I-CT Scan (i-Computed Tomography - i-CT Scan): Le isetyenziselwa ukubona ukuba umhlaza ubuyile na, okanye ukufumana ubungakanani kunye nendawo yethumba.
• I-MRI scan (Magnetic Resonance Imaging - MRI): I-MRI ingathatha imifanekiso eneenkcukacha zeendawo ezithile emzimbeni wakho. Oku kunokunceda ekufumaniseni ukuba umhlaza ubuyile na.
• I-PET Scan: I-PET scan ijonga iindawo zomzimba wakho ezisebenzisa i-glucose eninzi. I-glucose luhlobo lweswekile. Iiseli zomhlaza zisebenzisa i-glucose eninzi kuneeseli eziqhelekileyo.

Uhlalutyo lomchamo

Uvavanyo lomchamo lulinganisa ubungakanani beeseli zegazi, iswekile, kunye neeproteni kumchamo wakho. Oogqirha banokusebenzisa oku ukujonga umhlaza wesinyi okanye umhlaza wezintso.

Iibhayoloji

Ukuze kuchongwe umhlaza, nokuba ubuyile, oogqirha benza ii-biopsy. Kwi-biopsy, oogqirha bathatha isampuli yezicubu kwaye ingcali yezonyango izihlole phantsi kwe-microscope ukuze ibone ukuba kukho naziphi na iimpawu zomhlaza. Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-biopsy:

• I-Biopsy Ekhokelwa Ngumfanekiso: Oogqirha basebenzisa i-CT scan okanye i-ultrasound ukujonga ithumba baze bathathe isampuli encinci yethumba ngenaliti.
• I-Endoscopic okanye i-Laparoscopic Biopsy:Oogqirha basebenzisa i-endoscope okanye i-laparoscope ukujonga ngaphakathi emzimbeni wakho. I-endoscope yityhubhu encinci, eguquguqukayo enekhamera esiphelweni kunye nesixhobo sokususa isampuli. I-endoscope ayifakwa nge-incision. I-laparoscope sisixhobo esahlukileyo kancinci. Ifakwa nge-incision encinci esiswini. Esi sixhobo sivumela ukuba izicubu zisuswe ngaphandle kokwenza i-incision enkulu.
• I-Excisional Biopsy okanye i-Incisional Biopsy: Kule biopsies ivulekileyo, ugqirha wenza i-incision emzimbeni wakho aze asuse yonke i-tumor (Excisional Biopsy) okanye inxalenye ye-tumor (Incisional Biopsy) ukuze ihlolwe okanye inyangwe.
• I-Bone Marrow Biopsy: Ukuze babone ukuba umhlaza ubuyile na, oogqirha bathatha isampuli yegazi kunye nethambo ngaphakathi kumongo wethambo.

Ziziphi iindlela zonyango zomhlaza ophinda ubuye?

Unyango lomhlaza obuyileyo luya kwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko yakho. Ugqirha wakho unokuthi:

• Ukuphinda unyango lokuqala olwalunikwe ekuqaleni.
• Utyando lokususa iithumba ezintsha ezinomhlaza.
• Ukusebenzisa amayeza ahlukeneyo e-chemotherapy okanye indibaniselwano yamayeza.
• Ukuzama indlela eyahlukileyo yonyango, njengonyango olujoliswe kulo okanye unyango lwe-immunotherapy.

Ukuba umhlaza wakho ubuyile, ugqirha wakho uza kuthetha nawe malunga neendlela onokukhetha kuzo kunye noko unokukulindela kunyango. Ngokubanzi, unyango lomhlaza obuyileyo luyilelwe ukulawula umhlaza, ukuwumisa ukuba ungabi mbi, okanye ukuwumisa ukuba ungasasazeki. Alwenzelwanga ukunyanga umhlaza ngokupheleleyo. Ezinye izinto ezinokuchaphazela izigqibo zonyango ziquka:

• Uhlobo lomhlaza onalo.
• Lifikile ixesha lokubuyela. Ukunyanga umhlaza obuya ngokukhawuleza emva konyango kunokuba nzima.
• Apho umhlaza ubuyile khona. Ngokubanzi, kunokuba lula ukunyanga umhlaza obuyileyo kwindawo yokuqala okanye kufutshane nendawo yokuqala kunomhlaza obuyileyo kwizitho okanye kwizicubu ezikude nendawo yokuqala.
• Impilo yakho iyonke. Iindlela ezahlukeneyo okanye zonyango olunamandla ngakumbi lomhlaza olubuyileyo zinokuba nemiphumo emibi kakhulu. Impilo yakho iyonke iya kuchaphazela indlela oqhuba kakuhle ngayo ngexesha lonyango.

Nokuba luluphi na unyango olukhethayo, cinga ngonyango lokuthomalalisa iimpawu zomhlaza kunye nemiphumo emibi yonyango. Unyango lokuthomalalisa luyinto ekunika inkxaso eyongezelelweyo kunye nolawulo lweempawu ngelixa usenza unyango lomhlaza.

Liza kuthini ikamva ukuba umhlaza ubuya? (Ingxelo yokuxela kwangaphambili)

Ikamva lesifo sakho, okanye i-prognosis, lixhomekeke kwimeko yakho. Izinto ezininzi ezichaphazela ukhetho lonyango, njengohlobo lomhlaza onalo, indlela osabela ngayo kunyango, indlela olawula ngayo iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga, kunye nempilo yakho iyonke, nazo zichaphazela i-prognosis yakho. Ulwazi olungcono malunga noku luvela kugqirha wakho.

Xa umhlaza ubuya, uphila njani nawo?

Ukuphinda umhlaza ubuye kungavakala ngathi yinto "eyenzekileyo" . Ukhe walwa nomhlaza, kwaye ngoku ubuyile. Kodwa ngeli xesha, ungaziva uxinezelekile kwaye uxinezelekile yingcinga yokuba kufuneka uphinde ujongane nomhlaza. Iimvakalelo zakho ziyinyani, kwaye zibalulekile. Ukuba ungumntu oye waphinda wahlaselwa ngumhlaza kwaye uphila nawo, into yokuqala ekufuneka uyenze kukuzinika ixesha nendawo yokuqonda imeko yakho. Emva koko, qala ukucinga ngamanyathelo onokuwathatha ukuze uphile ubomi obulungileyo, nokuba umhlaza ubuyile. Nazi ezinye iingcebiso:

• Buza ugqirha wakho malunga neenkqubo zokusinda kumhlaza. Ezi nkqubo zikunceda uqonde kwaye ulawule imingeni yokuphila nomhlaza.
• Yitya ukutya okunesondlo nokunokulinganisela. Cela ugqirha wakho ukuba athethe nengcali yesondlo enokukunceda wenze isicwangciso sokutya esifanela iimfuno zakho.
• Yenza umthambo. Ukuzilolonga kunokunceda ukunciphisa uxinzelelo kunye nokwandisa amandla kunye nokunyamezela. Nangona kunjalo, qiniseka ukuba ubuza ugqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuba uqalise inkqubo yokuzilolonga.
• Zimisele okanye ugcine imikhwa emihle yokuphila. Ukuba usebenzisa icuba okanye usela utywala, zama ukuyeka.
• Lala ngokwaneleyo. Unyango lomhlaza kunye nomhlaza lunokuwuchaphazela umzimba wakho. Ngoko ke, qiniseka ukuba ulala ngokwaneleyo. Thetha nogqirha wakho ukuba unengxaki yokulala.
• Cinga ngoCwangciso lweNkxaso ePhambili. Oku kuquka neMiyalelo ePhambili. Ekucwangciseni unyango kwangaphambili, ucinga ngempilo yakho kwangaphambili kwaye ugqibe kwelokuba kwenzeke ntoni ukuba awukwazi ukuthetha wedwa. Imiyalelo yokhathalelo ePhambili ngamaxwebhu asemthethweni anika imiyalelo ebhaliweyo malunga neminqweno yakho yokugqibela yobomi bakho kwaye ngubani onokukwenzela izigqibo zonyango.

Yintoni umahluko phakathi komhlaza ophindaphindayo nomhlaza wesibini?

Ukuba ukhe waba nomhlaza, unokuba nomhlaza wesibini. Lo ngumhlaza omtsha ngokupheleleyo, owahlukileyo. Kwelinye icala, umhlaza ophindaphindayo ubakho xa uhlobo olufanayo lomhlaza lubuya.

Ngaba umhlaza obuye wavela kwakhona ungaphinda uphile ngokupheleleyo?

Ewe, kunokwenzeka. Ngamanye amaxesha, izigulane zihamba ngemijikelo ebizwa ngokuba yi-"remission" (ukungabikho kweempawu) kunye ne-"recurrence" (ukubuya kwakhona komhlaza). Xa umhlaza ubuya, oogqirha banokuzama unyango olufanayo okanye olwahlukileyo, ngenjongo yokubuyisela umhlaza "ekuxolelweni."

Umhlaza wam ubuyile. Ndingagqiba njani ukuba ndifuna unyango olongezelelweyo?

Asisosigqibo silula. Wakuba ufumanise ukuba umhlaza wakho ubuyile, kuya kufuneka uzinike ixesha lokuqonda iindlela zonyango lwakho kwaye ucinge ngento oyifunayo kuwe, kusapho lwakho, nakwabanye abakukhathaleleyo. Nazi ezinye iindlela ezinokukunceda wenze esi sigqibo:

• Zinike ixesha lokuqonda iindlela zonyango lwakho kunye nemiphumo yazo enokubakho. Ugqirha wakho wezifo zomhlaza kunye neqela lezonyango baya kukunika ulwazi oluninzi kangangoko udinga ukuze wenze izigqibo ezinolwazi.
• Thetha nosapho lwakho kunye nabanye abantu obathandayo uze ubazise ngemeko yakho. Nokuba uthatha siphi na isigqibo, kubalulekile ukuba usapho lwakho kunye nabanye basiqonde isigqibo sakho kwaye bazi ukuba ulindele ntoni kukhathalelo lwakho.
• Cinga ngokufumana uluvo lwesibini komnye ugqirha we-oncologist. Ezinye izibhedlele ngamanye amaxesha zinokukunika iindlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango.
• Buza ugqirha wakho malunga nokuthatha inxaxheba kuvavanyo lweklinikhi. Uvavanyo lweklinikhi ziiprojekthi zophando ezenzelwe ukufumanisa ukuba unyango olutsha lukhuselekile kwaye luyasebenza na.

Ukuba ndigqiba ekubeni ndingaphindi ndifumane unyango lomhlaza, kuza kwenzeka ntoni emva koko?

Zininzi izizathu zokuba abantu bagqibe ekubeni bayeke unyango lomhlaza. Fumana ingcebiso kugqirha wakho, kusapho lwakho, nakwabanye abantu obathandayo, kodwa yazi ukuba nangaliphi na ixesha, isigqibo sokugqibela sokuqhubeka okanye sokuyeka unyango sesakho.

Ukuba ndiyeka unyango, ngaba unyango lwe-hospice lukhetho?

Kunokwenzeka, kodwa kuxhomekeke kwimpilo yakho iyonke kunye noqikelelo lwesifo sakho. Ngokwesiqhelo, oogqirha bacebisa unyango lwe-hospice ukuba bakholelwa ukuba imeko yakho ayinakunyangwa ngonyango kwaye uneenyanga ezingaphantsi kwezintandathu zokuphila. Nantsi into onokulindela ukuba ugqirha wakho ucebisa unyango lwe-hospice:

• Ukhathalelo Olupheleleyo Lokuphela Kobomi: Umhlaza uchaphazela wonke umntu ochaphazelekileyo nguwo, kuquka usapho lwakho kunye nabo bakukhathalelayo. Ukhathalelo lweHospice lukunceda wena nosapho lwakho. Ngelixa oogqirha benyamekela iimfuno zakho zomzimba, ezinye iingcali zikunika inkxaso yengqondo, yeemvakalelo, yokomoya neyengqondo.
• Ukhathalelo Lokuthuthuzela: Uza kufumana amayeza kunye nolunye unyango lokulawula iintlungu kunye nemiphumo emibi yeso simo.
• Inkxaso Yabanakekeli: Abanakekeli bakho abaphambili banokufuna uncedo ngokunyamekela kwakho. Basenokufuna uncedo lokulawula impilo yabo yomzimba neyengqondo. I-Hospice ibadibanisa nezixhobo ezifunwa lusapho lwakho.
• Izixhobo zonyango: Nangona abanye abantu befumana unyango lwe-hospice ekhaya, banokufuna iibhedi ezikhethekileyo kunye nezinye izixhobo. I-Hospice inokubonelela ngonyango kwiziko lokhathalelo lwexesha elifutshane okanye kwiziko le-hospice yokuhlala.

Okokugqibela, izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule

Xa unyangwa ngempumelelo ngenxa yomhlaza, mhlawumbi uyazi ukuba umhlaza ungabuya. Nangona kunjalo, xa ufumanisa ukuba unomhlaza kwakhona, ungothuka kwaye ukhathazeke. Usenokuziva ungenathemba kwaye usoyika. Kodwa ngenxa yomhlaza, kusoloko kukho ithemba, kwaye umhlaza obuyayo awukho ngaphandle. Kukho ithemba lonyango olutsha okanye ithuba lokuthatha inxaxheba kuvavanyo lweklinikhi. Ukongeza, nokuba unyango alunakulawula umhlaza obuyileyo, nokuba uphila ixesha elingakanani, kukho ithemba lokuphila ubomi obufunayo. Ukuba umhlaza wakho ubuyile, ugqirha wakho we-oncologist kunye neqela lezonyango baya kuxhasa izigqibo zakho kwaye bakuncede kangangoko banako. Musa ukoyika, hlala uqinile.

Ukuphinda umhlaza , iimpawu zomhlaza, unyango lomhlaza, ukuxilongwa komhlaza, ukuphila nomhlaza, ukhathalelo lomhlaza