Masifumanise ukuba yintoni kanye kanye iqatha lakho. Umsebenzi omkhulu kule ndawo incinci!

Sisebenzisa amaqatha ethu kwizinto ezininzi yonke imihla, akunjalo? Ukuhamba, ukubaleka, ukudanisa, ukunyuka izinyuko... Ilungu leqatha kufuneka lilungelelaniswe kakuhle kuzo zonke ezi zinto. Ngoko ke, yintoni eli lungu leqatha, lisebenza njani, kwaye ziziphi iindawo zalo? Masithethe ngayo ngokulula. Njengokuthetha nomhlobo.

Yintoni iqakala?

Ngamafutshane, iqakala lakho lilungu elidibanisa unyawo lwakho nomlenze wakho ongezantsi. Ngamanye amaxesha oogqirha balibiza ngokuba yi-"Tibiotalar joint" okanye "Talocrural joint." Loo magama anomdla wesayensi kancinci, akunjalo? Kodwa kulungile ukwazi.

Njengamanye amalungu, iqatha lakho liyinxalenye yenkqubo yamathambo akho. Kwakhona, kukho izinto ezininzi ngaphakathi kweli qatha, ezifana ne-cartilage, izihlunu, imisipha, kunye nemithambo-luvo . Zonke ezi zinto zisebenza kunye ukuze sikwazi ukuhamba ngaphandle kweengxaki.

Ukuba uziva iintlungu okanye ukuqina kweqakala lakho, kufuneka ubone ugqirha ngokukhawuleza. Baza kukwazi ukufumanisa unobangela weempawu zakho baze bakunike unyango ukuze ukwazi ukubuyela kwimisebenzi yakho yesiqhelo.

Kwenzeka ntoni kwilungu leqakala?

Khawucinge nje ukuba eli lungu leqakala likunceda kangakanani ukulinganisela nokuxhasa ubunzima bomzimba wakho xa uhamba, ubaleka, okanye utsiba! Umsebenzi ophambili welungu leqakala kukuzinzisa umzimba wakho nokukunceda uhlale ulungelelene.

Ilungu leqakala lineendlela ezimbini eziphambili zokunyakaza:

• Ukujika kwePlantar: Oku kuthetha ukugoba unyawo lwakho phantsi, kude nomzimba wakho. Khawuthelekelele ubetha iinzwane zakho phantsi njengomdanisi we-ballet. Yiyo leyo.
• Ukugoba unyawo lwakho phezulu, ecaleni lomzimba wakho, ngokungathi ujonge phezulu ezinzwaneni zakho.

Ezi ntshukumo zimbini zezona zisivumela ukuba sihambe, sibaleke, kwaye sinyuke iintaba kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo.

Iphi indawo eqakaleni?

Le yinto eyaziwa ngumntu wonke. Iqatha lifumaneka ezantsi komlenze wakho, apho umlenze ongezantsi nonyawo kudibana khona.

Loluphi uhlobo lwelungu elidityanisiweyo leqakala?

Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zamalungu emzimbeni wethu. Oogqirha bawahlulahlula ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Iintlobo eziphambili zamalungu zezi:

• Ngokwezinto ezenziwe ngazo (ukwakheka kwazo).
• Ngokwendlela ezihamba ngayo (ukusebenza kwazo).

Ilungu leqakala luhlobo lwelungu le-synovial . La malungu e-synovial anenkululeko enkulu yokuhamba. Enziwa lithambo elinye elingena kwelinye ithambo kwisokethi. Iziphelo zamathambo ezenza eli lungu zigqunywe yinto egudileyo ebizwa ngokuba yi-hyaline cartilage . Kwakhona, isithuba esiphakathi kwamathambo amabini sigqunywe yi-synovial membrane.Igqunyiwe, izaliswe lulwelo oluthambisa kwaye lukhusele ilungu. Olu phawu lokuncedisa olungaphezulu luvumela amalungu e-synovial ukuba ahambe ngokukhuhlana okuncinci kangangoko kunokwenzeka.

Ngokusebenzayo, i-ankle joint yi -hinge joint . Cinga ngayo njenge-hinge esecangweni. Ngelixa ezinye iindawo ze-hinge zizinzile, ezinye iindawo zihamba umgama othile ukunceda ucango luvuleke kwaye luvaleke. Yileyo ndlela i-ankle joint enokuthi ihambe ngayo kumacala omabini.

Injani indlela eyakhiwe ngayo iqatha?

Le ndlela imangalisayo ebizwa ngokuba yi-ankle joint yenziwe ngezi nxalenye zilandelayo:

• Amathambo
• I-Cartilage
• Iiligamenti
• Izihlunu
• Imiva
• Ivazi yegazi

Ngoku makhe sijonge nganye kwezi ndawo ngokweenkcukacha ezithe vetshe.

Amathambo asemaqatheni

Ilungu leqakala lenziwe ngamathambo amathathu aphambili:

• I-Tibia: Eyaziwa ngokuba yithambo lesifuba , eli lithambo elikhulu nelinamandla eliqala phezulu komlenze wakho liye ezantsi kobhontsi wakho omkhulu.
• I-Fibula: Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba yithambo lesifuba . Eli lithambo elincinci elihamba ngaxeshanye ne-tibia. Inxalenye efana neqhina ebanjwe esandleni ngaphandle kweqakala yenziwe yinxalenye esezantsi ye-fibula.
• I-Talus: Eli lithambo elincinci kodwa elibaluleke kakhulu eliphakathi kweqakala, lidibanisa i-tibia kunye ne-fibula namathambo onyawo.

La mathambo mathathu ayadibana ukuze enze iqakala.

I-ankle cartilage

I-cartilage sisicwili esomeleleyo nesiguquguqukayo. Ikhusela amalungu akho. Isebenza njengesithinteli sokuthuthumela . Ilungu lakho leqakala ligqunywe yi -hyaline cartilage . Olu lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lwe-cartilage emizimbeni yethu. Abanye oogqirha balubiza ngokuba yi-articular cartilage . Lugquma amalungu akho kwaye lugquma iziphelo zamathambo akho.

I-Hyaline cartilage igudile kakhulu kwaye ityibilika. Yiyo loo nto amathambo asemalungeni akho enotyibilika lula phezu komnye nomnye. Iindawo apho amathambo akho e-tibia, i-fibula, kunye ne-talus adibana khona zigqunywe yile hyaline cartilage.

Imisipha yeqakala

Imisipha eseqatheni lakho ifana neentambo eziqinileyo. Zidibanisa amathambo onyawo lwakho namathambo omlenze wakho ongezantsi. Zinceda ukugcina ilungu lizinzile.

Kukho amaqela amathathu aphambili ee-ligaments kwi-ankle:

• I-medial ligaments (ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-deltoid ligaments):Ezi ligaments zine ziqala kwi-medial malleolus, ithambo elibonakalayo ngaphakathi kwesiphelo esisezantsi se-tibia. Ukusuka apho, ziyanda zize zinamathele kwi-talus, i-calcaneus (ithambo lesithende), kunye namathambo eenyawo. Zizinzisa ingaphakathi leqakala.
• Iiligaments ezisecaleni: Ezi ligaments zintathu ziqala kwisiphelo esisezantsi se-fibula, kwi-lateral malleolus, ngaphandle kweqakala. Zinamathela emathanjeni e-talus nase-calcaneus. Zizinzisa umphandle weqakala. Ezi ligaments ezisecaleni zihlala zenzakala xa kutyunyuzwa iqakala.
• Ii-syndesmotic ligaments: Ezi ligaments zine zibamba i-tibia kunye ne-fibula kunye. Zibalulekile kwimeko ebizwa ngokuba "kukukruneka kweqakala eliphezulu."

Izihlunu zeqatha

Izihlunu zizicubu ezithambileyo ezenziwe ngemicu eguquguqukayo. Ziyagoba (ziyashukuma) ukuze zitsale kwaye zishukumise iindawo zomzimba wakho. Iintshukumo zamaqatha akho zilawulwa zimisipha enamathele emilenzeni nasezinyaweni zakho.

Izihlunu ezilawula ukugoba kweenyawo (i-plantarflexion):

Ezi zihlunu zezona zikuvumela ukuba ugobe umlenze wakho, kude nomzimba wakho. Umzekelo, xa usima uze uphakamise umlenze wakho phezu kweenzwane zakho, ezi zihlunu ziyasebenza. Eminye yemisipha ephambili yile:

• I-Gastrocnemius (isihlunu esikhulu ngasemva kwethanga)
• I-Soleus (umsipha ongaphantsi kwe-gastrocnemius)
• Tibialis ngasemva `(Tibialis ngasemva)`

Izihlunu ezilawula i-dorsiflexion (ukugoba unyawo lunyuke):

Ezi zihlunu zezona zikuvumela ukuba ugobe umlenze wakho uye phezulu nangasecaleni. Umzekelo, xa uhamba, ezi zihlunu ziyasebenza ngalo lonke ixesha uphakamisa unyawo lwakho emhlabeni. Eminye yemisipha ephambili yile:

• I-Tibialis yangaphambili (izihlunu phambi kwethambo lesifuba)
• Extensor digitorum longus `(Extensor digitorum longus)`

Imithambo-luvo yeqakala

Imithambo-luvo ifana neentambo zombane. Zithwala imithambo-luvo yombane phakathi kwengqondo yakho kunye nomzimba wakho wonke. Le mithambo-luvo yiyo ekuvumela ukuba uzive iimvakalelo kwaye ushukumise izihlunu zakho. Eminye yemithambo-luvo ephambili eqatheni yile:

• Umthambo weTibial
• I-nerve ye-peroneal engaphezulu
• I-nerve enzulu ye-peroneal

Ukuba le mithambo-luvo yonakele, izinto ezinje ngokuba ndindisholo kweqakala, iintlungu, okanye ubuthathaka bemisipha zinokwenzeka.

Imithambo yegazi eqatheni

Imithambo yegazi ziindlela ezithwala igazi emzimbeni wakho wonke. Zifana nomjikelo ovaliweyo, oqala entliziyweni yakho uze uphele entliziyweni yakho kwakhona. Kukho imithambo emithathu ephambili ehambisa igazi kwaye ithwala igazi ukusuka emaqatheni akho:

• Umthambo we-tibial ongaphambili
• Umthambo we-tibial ongasemva
• Umthambo ojikelezayo

Le mithambo yegazi inika izicubu eziseqatheni ioksijini kunye nezondlo ezifunekayo.

Ziziphi iingxaki kunye neemeko eziqhelekileyo ezichaphazela iqakala?

Nantoni na eyonakalisa amathambo akho okanye izicubu ezidityanisiweyo inokuchaphazela ilungu lakho leqakala. Ezinye zeengxaki eziqhelekileyo kunye neemeko ziquka:

• I-Foot and ankle arthritis: Oku kubizwa ngokuba kukudumba kwamalungu. Kule meko, amalungu anokudumba aze abe buhlungu.
• I-Gout: Imeko ebuhlungu ebangelwa kukubekwa kweekristale emalungeni ngenxa yokwanda kwe-uric acid egazini.
• I-Bursitis: Ukudumba kweengxowa ezincinci ezizaliswe lulwelo ezibizwa ngokuba yi-bursa ezijikeleze amalungu.
• I-Tendinitis: Ukudumba kwe-tendon, izicubu ezidibanisa izihlunu namathambo.
• Iinyawo ezithe tyaba: Ukulahlekelwa yigophe lonyawo kunokubangela ubunzima obongezelelekileyo eqakaleni.

Ukulimala kwezemidlalo zezinye zezona zinto zixhaphakileyo ezenzakala eqakaleni:

• Ukuqhekeka kweqakala: Ukolula okanye ukukrazuka kwemisipha. Le yeyona ngozi ixhaphakileyo eyenzeka kubantu abaninzi.
• Ukulimala kwe-Achilles tendon kunye nezinye iingxaki ze-tendon: I-Achilles tendon yi-tendon enkulu phezulu kwesithende.
• Ukuqhekeka kweqakala: Ukuqhekeka kwethambo elinye okanye ngaphezulu kweqakala.

Ziziphi iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ezinxulumene neqakala?

Iimpawu ozifumanayo ziya kuxhomekeka kwimeko okanye ingxaki echaphazela iqatha lakho. Nangona kunjalo, uninzi lweengxaki zeqatha zinokubangela iimpawu ezifana nezi:

• Intlungu (ingakumbi xa ushukuma): Olu luphawu oluphambili.
• Ukudumba (ukudumba): Ukudumba okujikeleze iqatha.
• Ukuqina: Iqatha alinakugobeka okanye likhululeke lula.
• Ukungazinzi: Iqatha libonakala libuthathaka kwaye kukho uloyiko lokuba liza kutyibilika.
• Ukutshintsha kombala okanye ukuba bomvu: Ulusu olujikeleze iqatha lunokuba bomvu okanye luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
• Ukufudumala: Usenokuziva ubushushu obujikeleze iqatha lakho xa ulichukumisa.

Kubalulekile: Ukuba unenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu, musa ukuzityeshela. Kungcono ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha.

Ziziphi iimvavanyo eziqhelekileyo ezenziwayo ukuhlola iqatha?

Bona ugqirha ngokukhawuleza nje ukuba uqaphela nayiphi na intlungu okanye utshintsho eqakaleni lakho. Ezinye zezona zilingo zixhaphakileyo ezisetyenziswa ngoogqirha ukuxilonga iingxaki ziquka:

• Ii-X-reyi: Jonga ukuba amathambo aqhekekile okanye ezinye iingxaki.
• Ii-ultrasound:Khangela umonakalo kwizicubu ezithambileyo ezifana nemisipha kunye nemisipha.
• Ukufunxa amalungu: Yinkqubo ethatha ulwelo oluncinci ngaphakathi kwilungu ize iluvavanye. Inokunceda ekufumaneni izifo okanye iimeko ezifana ne-gout.
• Ii-CT scans: Zingabona amathambo kunye namalungu ngokweenkcukacha ngaphezu kwee-X-ray.
• IiMRI: Ndibona izicubu ezithambileyo, i-cartilage, i-ligaments, kunye ne-tendon ngokucacileyo.
• Uvavanyo lwegazi: Fumanisa iimeko ezithile, ezinje ngezifo ezibangelwa kukwasulelwa zizifo kunye nesifo samathambo.

Ugqirha uza kugqiba ngento omawuyenze ngezi mvavanyo ngokusekelwe kwiimpawu neemfuno zakho.

Ndingenza ntoni ukunciphisa iintlungu zeqakala?

Wakuba nje uziva iintlungu eqakaleni lakho, musa ukuzibeka esichengeni. Yeka ukudlala imidlalo, ukubaleka, okanye ukutsiba ude ugqirha wakho akuxelele. Kungcono ukulandela indlela ye-RICE . Yenza oku kwangoko nje ukuba uqaphela iintlungu okanye ezinye iimpawu:

• R - Phumla: Kuphephe ukwenza into ekwenzakalise. Musa ukubeka ubunzima obukhulu eqakaleni lakho de liphole.
• I - Umkhenkce: Songa ilaphu elibandayo okanye ipakethe yomkhenkce ngetawuli ebhityileyo uze uyibeke eqatheni malunga nemizuzu eli-15. Yenza oku izihlandlo ezininzi ngemini. Musa ukufaka umkhenkce ngqo eluswini.
• C - Uxinzelelo: Ukuze unciphise ukudumba, ungasonga iqatha lakho ngokukhululekileyo ngebhandishi elastiki. Nangona kunjalo, ungayisongi ngokuqinileyo kangangokuba ithintele ukuhamba kwegazi.
• E - Ukuphakama: Gcina iqatha lakho lingaphezulu kwenqanaba lentliziyo yakho nanini na kunokwenzeka. Ungaphakamisa umlenze wakho phezu komqamelo.

Ukuba intlungu inzima okanye intlungu yeqakala ayipheli emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa zokhathalelo lwasekhaya, ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kufuneka ubone ugqirha.

Cinga ngayo, nokuba ufaka igoli lokuphumelela kumdlalo webhola ekhatywayo okanye uhamba nje esitalatweni, usebenzisa amaqatha akho rhoqo xa ushukuma.

Ngenxa yokuba sizisebenzisa rhoqo, sinamathuba amaninzi okuba neengxaki ezinxulumene neqatha. Usenokukwazi ukunciphisa iintlungu ngamayeza athengiswa ngaphandle kwemvume kagqirha kwaye uphumle. Nangona kunjalo, musa ukuzityeshela iimpawu. Ukuba iintlungu, ukuqina, kunye nokudumba kweqatha lakho azipheli emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa zokuphumla, bona ugqirha.

Izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Iqakala lilungu elincinci kodwa libaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni wethu. Lenza imisebenzi yethu yemihla ngemihla ibe lula.

• Ilungu leqakala lenziwe ngamathambo, i-cartilage, i-ligaments, izihlunu, imithambo-luvo kunye nemithambo yegazi. Kuphela xa zonke ezi zinto zisebenza kakuhle apho sinokuhamba size sibaleke ngaphandle kweengxaki.
• Ukutyumzeka kweqakala, ukwenzakala kwemisipha, kunye nokuqhekeka kwamalungu omzimba kuqhelekile. Le ngozi iphezulu kakhulu kwabo badlala imidlalo.
• Ukuba ufumana iimpawu ezifana nentlungu, ukudumba, okanye ukuqina, musa ukuzityeshela. Landela indlela ye-RICE kwaye ufumane ingcebiso kagqirha ukuba ayiphucuki kwiintsuku ezimbalwa.
• Ukulimala okuninzi kweqakala kunokunyangeka ngonyango olufanelekileyo kunye nokuphumla. Ngoko ke musa ukoyika, kodwa ungalibazisi.

Lumka iqatha lakho. Liza kukunceda ixesha elide!

Ilungu Leqatha, Ilungu Leqatha, Intlungu Yeqatha, Amathambo, I-Cartilage, I-Ligaments, Izifo Zamalungu