Ngaba uceliwe ukuba wenze i-endoscopy? Ungakhathazeki, masithethe ngayo!

Xa ugqirha ekuxelela ukuba kufuneka wenze i-endoscopy, usenokuba noloyiko kwaye unomdla, akunjalo? Mhlawumbi unemibuzo emininzi engqondweni yakho, efana nokuba yintoni, yenziwa njani, kwaye ingaba iya kuba buhlungu? Ungakhathazeki, namhlanje siza kuthetha ngale endoscopy ngendlela elula. Ngendlela onokuyiqonda.

Yintoni i-Endoscopy?

Ngamafutshane, i-endoscopy yinkqubo ekuvumela ukuba ujonge ngaphakathi emzimbeni wakho. Oku kubandakanya ukusebenzisa isixhobo eside, esincinci esifana netyhubhu esibizwa ngokuba yi-endoscope. Esi sixhobo sidla ngokuba nekhamera encinci kunye nokukhanya okuncamathiselwe kwelinye icala. Ugqirha ufaka isixhobo emzimbeni wakho, kwaye xa sifika kwindawo ofuna ukuyijonga, imifanekiso, eboniswa kwisikrini.

Cinga ngokufaka ikhamera encinci emzimbeni wakho ukuze ubone ukuba yintoni ngaphakathi. Ezinye ii-endoscopes zinemijelo emincinci, okanye iityhubhu, apho unokufaka khona izixhobo ezincinci zokuthatha isiqwenga sethishu (esibizwa ngokuba yi-biopsy) okanye wenze utyando oluncinci.

Ziziphi iintlobo ze-endoscopy?

Kukho iintlobo ezininzi ze-endoscopy. Kodwa zonke zisebenza ngendlela efanayo. Oko kukuthi, ugqirha ufaka isixhobo esibizwa ngokuba yi-endoscope ngomngxuma wendalo emzimbeni wakho (umzekelo, umlomo wakho, impumlo, okanye i-anus) okanye ngomngxuma omncinci eluswini lwakho. Esi sixhobo sivumela ugqirha ukuba ahlole okanye anyange ngqo ilungu elifuna ukuvavanywa.

Umahluko ophambili ukwizinto ezinje:

• Igama lovavanyo: Eli gama lidla ngokuvela kwisitho esihlolwayo. Umzekelo, i-endoscopy yokuhlola amathumbu amakhulu (ikholoni) ibizwa ngokuba yi-"Colonoscopy".
• Uhlobo lweSikali: Luyafana. Igama lesixhobo lisekelwe kwisitho esihlolwayo. Ngoko ke, i-endoscope esetyenziselwa "iColonoscopy" ibizwa ngokuba yi "Colonoscope". Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze "Endoscopes". Ezinye "ziguquguquka" , oko kuthetha ukuba zinokugobeka lula. Ezinye "ziqinile" , oko kuthetha ukuba zithe tye. Ezinye ii-endoscopes zinemijelo ngaphakathi kuzo yokuthatha iisampuli zezicubu, ukuphilisa amanxeba, kunye nokwenza olunye unyango, njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili.

Kwakhona, izinto ezifana nendlela oluqhutywa ngayo uvavanyo, isitho esihlolwayo, kunye nendawo esifakwe kuyo isixhobo nazo zahlukile.

Ngoko ke, makhe sibone ukuba zeziphi ezi ntlobo ziphambili ze-endoscopy?

Khangela, mhlawumbi ubizwa ngokuba ngugqirha ngenye yala magama.

• I-Anoscopy: Oku kuquka ukufaka i-endoscope nge-anus yakho ukuze ijonge i-anus yakho kunye ne-rectum.
• I-Arthroscopy:Kwenziwa umngxuma omncinci phezu kwelinye lamalungu akho kwaye kufakwa i-endoscope kuyo ukujonga iingxaki zamalungu, ezifana ne-arthritis.
• I-Bronchoscopy: I-endoscope ifakwa ngomlomo okanye empumlweni ukuze ijonge i-trachea kunye nemiphunga.
• I-Colonoscopy: I-endoscope ifakwa nge-anus kwaye i-colon yonke ihlolwe.
• I-Cystoscopy: I-endoscope idluliselwa kwi-urethra yakho (ityhubhu apho umchamo uphuma khona) ukuze ijonge i-urethra yakho kunye nesinyi.
• I-Enteroscopy: I-endoscope ifakwa ngomlomo (i-enteroscopy ephezulu) okanye kwi-rectum (i-enteroscopy esezantsi) ukuze kubonwe amathumbu amancinci.
• I-Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) okanye i-upper endoscopy: I-endoscope ifakwa ngomlomo ukuze ijonge umphimbo, isisu, kunye nenxalenye ephezulu yamathumbu amancinci.
• I-Hysteroscopy: I-endoscope ifakwa nge-vaginal ukuze ijonge isibeleko.
• I-Laparoscopy: Kwenziwa umngxuma omncinci esiswini kwaye kufakwa i-endoscope kuyo ukuze kubonwe amalungu esisu kunye nenkqubo yokuzala.
• I-Laryngoscopy: I-endoscope ifakwa ngomlomo okanye empumlweni ukuze ijonge i-larynx (ibhokisi yelizwi).
• I-Mediastinoscopy: Kwenziwa umngxuma omncinci ngaphezulu kwethambo lesifuba ukuze kujongwe indawo ephakathi kwemiphunga, equlethe intliziyo, i-esophagus, kunye ne-trachea (i-mediastinum).
• I-Neuroendoscopy: Kwenziwa umngxuma omncinci ekhakhayini kwaye ingqondo iyahlolwa.
• I-Proctoscopy (i-sigmoidoscopy eqinileyo): I-endoscope ifakwa nge-anus ukuze kuhlolwe indawo ye-rectum kunye ne-anal.
• I-Sigmoidoscopy (i-sigmoidoscopy eguquguqukayo): I-endoscope ifakwa nge-anus ukuze ijonge inxalenye esezantsi yamathumbu amakhulu (i-sigmoid colon) kunye nendawo yempundu.
• I-Thoracoscopy (ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-pleuroscopy): Kwenziwa umngxuma omncinci esifubeni ukuze kuhlolwe imiphunga kunye nendawo ejikeleze yona, kuquka i-diaphragm, i-trachea, kunye nodonga lwesifuba.
• I-Ureteroscopy: I-endoscope ifakwa nge-urethra ukuze ijonge iityhubhu (ii-ureters) ezithwala umchamo ukusuka kwizintso ukuya kwisinyi.

Wow! Jonga ukuba zingaphi iintlobo ezikhoyo. Kodwa zonke ezi zinto zenzelwe ukukunceda ufumane eyona ngxaki ingaphakathi emzimbeni wakho.

Iindlela eziPhambili ze-Endoscopy

Kule mihla, izazinzulu zifumana iindlela ezintsha zokwenza le endoscopy ibe lula kwaye ingonakalisi kakhulu emzimbeni. Umzekelo yi -capsule endoscopy . Oku akubandakanyi ukufaka ityhubhu emzimbeni wakho. Endaweni yoko, uginya i-capsule encinci, njengepilisi yevithamini. Kukho ikhamera ngaphakathi kwi-capsule. Emva kokuba uyiginyile, ithatha imifanekiso njengoko idlula kwi-esophagus yakho, esiswini, nakwisisu esincinci. Oku kunceda ekufumaneni izinto ezifana nokopha kunye namathumba kwinkqubo yakho yokugaya ukutya.

Kutheni senza i-endoscopy?

Oogqirha basebenzisa i-endoscopy ngeenjongo ezimbini eziphambili: enye kukuhlola iimeko ezithile , enye kukufumanisa isifo .

Usenokuba ukhe weva nge-colonoscopy. Yi-endoscopy edumileyo neyaziwayo, efunyanwa kwangethuba. Ihlola umhlaza wamathumbu amakhulu.

Enye yezona nzuzo zinkulu ze-endoscopy ekuxilongeni isifo kukuba, njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili , ingathatha isiqwenga sezicubu ezingaqhelekanga ize isithumele kwilebhu ukuze sivavanywe (i-biopsy) . Le biopsy yeyona ndlela yokuqinisekisa ukuba ngumhlaza okanye akunjalo.

Ngaphambili, i-endoscopy yayisetyenziswa kakhulu ukuhlola amalungu omzimba. Kodwa ngoku, i-endoscopy ikwasetyenziswa ukunyanga iimeko ezahlukeneyo, ezinje ngokuthintela ukopha kwesilonda esiswini. Ngaphambili, ukuba kwenzeka into efana nale, kuya kufuneka wenze utyando olukhulu.

Ziziphi izifo ezinokuchongwa nge-endoscopy?

I-Endoscopy inokuxilonga izifo zezi nkqubo zilandelayo:

• Inkqubo yokugaya ukutya: Izifo zesisu, ii-polyps zamathumbu amakhulu, kunye nomhlaza wamathumbu amakhulu.
• Intloko nentamo: Iingxaki zokuginya kunye ne-laryngitis.
• Amalunga: I-Arthritis, ukuqhekeka kwamalungu kunye nokuqhekeka kwamalungu.
• Inkqubo yemithambo-luvo: Iithumba zobuchopho.
• Inkqubo yokuphefumla: Isifo semiphunga kunye nosulelo.
• Inkqubo yomchamo: Usulelo lwendlela yomchamo (UTIs) kunye namatye ezintso.
• Inkqubo yokuzala: Ukopha okungaqhelekanga kwesibeleko, i-endometriosis, kunye neengxaki zokungabi nabantwana.

Unyango nge-endoscopy

Ngee-endoscopes ezithile, oogqirha banokusebenzisa izixhobo ezikhethekileyo ukwenza izinto ezinje:

• Ukuphiliswa kwamanxeba.
• Amayeza.
• Ukususwa kolwelo.
• Ukuyeka ukopha emzimbeni.
• Ukususwa kwezicubu ezonakeleyo okanye iithumba.
• Ukuvula iindawo ezixineneyo, ukwandisa amalungu anciphileyo.
• Ii-stents (iityhubhu ezincinci ezibekwe ukugcina ilungu elivalekileyo okanye elonakeleyo livulekile).
• Utyando.

Umzekelo, kwi-laparoscopy, oogqirha benza utyando ngokusebenzisa iindlela ezininzi ezincinci endaweni yotyando olunye olukhulu. Oku ngamanye amaxesha kuthiwa lutyando lwe-keyhole . Olu tyando alungeni kakhulu kunotyando lwendabuko. Le ndlela ngoku yeyona isetyenziswa kakhulu ekunyangeni izifo ezininzi.

Ulungiselela njani i-endoscopy?

Ukulungiselela kwakho kuya kuxhomekeka kuhlobo lwe-endoscopy oyenzayo. Usenokucelwa ukuba wenze izinto ezifana nezi:

• Yenza uvavanyo olufunekayo: Ngaphambi kovavanyo lwendlela yomchamo, ungacelwa ukuba wenze uvavanyo lomchamo ukuze ujonge usulelo lwendlela yomchamo (UTI). Ngaphambi kovavanyo lwe-hysteroscopy, ungacelwa ukuba wenze uvavanyo lokukhulelwa.
• Nika imbali yakho yezonyango: Ufanele uxelele ugqirha wakho ngazo naziphi na ezinye izifo onazo, amayeza owasebenzisayo, kunye neevithamini.
• Ukuzila Ukutya: Uza kucelwa ukuba ungatyi okanye ungaseli nto kangangeeyure ezininzi ngaphambi kovavanyo lwe-endoscopy. Ngaphandle koko, uza kuthintelwa kukutya okanye ukusela.
• Coca amathumbu akho: Ngaphambi kokuba wenze i-colonoscopy okanye i-enteroscopy, ibizwa ngokuba yi-bowel prep. Oku kuthetha ukususa yonke indle.
• Yeka ukusebenzisa amayeza athile: Amayeza anciphisa igazi, anjenge-warfarin (Coumadin® okanye iJantoven®) kunye ne-aspirin, anokufuneka amiswe kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ngaphambi kovavanyo. Kusenokufuneka utshintshe amanye amayeza owasebenzisayo kangangeentsuku ezimbalwa. Qiniseka ukuba ulandela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho ngokuchanekileyo.
• Yeka ukutshaya: Usenokucelwa ukuba uyeke ukutshaya nokusebenzisa icuba ngaphambi kovavanyo.
• Lungiselela umntu ukuba akuqhubele ekhaya: Ukuba unikwa i-sedation okanye i-anesthesia ngexesha lovavanyo, awuyi kukwazi ukuqhuba ukuba ugoduke ngaloo mini inye. Ke ngoko, kuya kufuneka ulungiselele umntu ukuba akuqhubele ekhaya.

Kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha le-endoscopy? Ingaba ibuhlungu?

I-endoscopy idla ngokuthatha imizuzu engama-30 ukuya kwiiyure ezi-2 ukuyenza. Oku kuyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lovavanyo. Uninzi lwabantu luya ekhaya ngosuku olufanayo ne-endoscopy yabo. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye iinkqubo ze-endoscopy zifuna ukuba umntu ahlale esibhedlele ubusuku bonke.

Kwiinkqubo ezininzi ze-endoscopy, oogqirha basebenzisa i-sedation elinganiselayo . Oku kuthetha ukuba uza kube ulele ngexesha lenkqubo kwaye awuyi kuva ntlungu.Kwiimeko ezingaqhelekanga kakhulu, kuyimfuneko ukubakhupha abantu ebuthongweni ngokupheleleyo (`(I-anesthesia Jikelele)`) (oko kukuthi, ukufaka ityhubhu yokuphefumla `(Intubation)`). Abanye abantu banokunikwa iyeza elivala kuphela indawo ethile (`(I-anesthesia yasekuhlaleni)`) ngaphandle kokubakhupha abantu ebuthongweni, kunye neyeza elibaphumzayo (`(I-Sedative)`).

Wakuba uzive ukhululekile okanye ulele, ugqirha uza kufaka i-endoscope kancinci ide ifike kwindawo abafuna ukuyihlola. Emva koko, baza kuyilawula baze bajonge amalungu kunye neendawo abafuna ukuzihlola kwisikrini. Ukuba kukho naziphi na iingxaki, baza kuzirekhoda, baze, ukuba kuyimfuneko, bathathe iqhekeza lesicwili okanye benze unyango.

Ukuba kwenziwe i-incision, iyavalwa.

Ingaba iza kuba buhlungu? Hayi. Ngenxa yeyeza elibangela ukuba ungabi nazintlungu, awuyi kuva ntlungu ngexesha lovavanyo. Kwezinye iimvavanyo, ezifana ne-colonoscopy, usenokuva ukuxinana kancinci xa ityhubhu ifakiwe. Kodwa oko kuyaphela ngokukhawuleza.

Kwenzeka ntoni emva kwe-endoscopy?

Iqela lakho lezonyango liza kujonga iimpawu zakho zobomi. Usenokuziva ulele kancinci ngenxa yamayeza okulala. Kodwa uninzi lwabantu luya ekhaya ngaloo mini inye. Kuya kufuneka ulumke kancinci ngaloo mini kwaye uphephe ukwenza imisebenzi enzima.

Ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwe-endoscopy oye wayenza, buza ugqirha wakho ukuba ulindele ntoni ngexesha lokuchacha kwakho.

Ngaba kukho naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga?

Uninzi lweziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ziba ngcono kwiintsuku ezimbalwa zokuqala . Zixhomekeke kuhlobo lovavanyo olwenziweyo kunye nendawo efakwe kuyo i-endoscope. Umzekelo, ukuba i-endoscope ifakwe ngomqala, unokufumana ukurhawuzelela kunye nomphimbo obuhlungu kancinci. Ukuba i-endoscope ifakwe ngamathumbu, unokufumana ukuziva ugcwele, iintlungu zesisu, kunye nesicaphucaphu.

Ugqirha wakho uza kukuxelela indlela yokunciphisa ezi ntlungu aze akunike amayeza okudambisa iintlungu ukuba kuyimfuneko.

Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukwazi iziphumo?

Ugqirha wakho uza kukuxelela ukuba ungalindela nini ukwazi iziphumo. Basenokuthetha nawe ngaloo mini inye, okanye bangakucela ukuba ubuye ngenye imini ukuze nixoxe ngeziphumo.

Ufanele uye nini kugqirha?

I-Endoscopy yinkqubo eqhelekileyo ethathwa njengekhuselekileyo . Nangona kunjalo, kwiimeko ezingaqhelekanga, iingxaki ezifana nokwenzakala ngaphakathi kunye nosulelo zinokwenzeka. Ukuba ufumana nayiphi na kwezi zilandelayo , fowunela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko :

• Iimpawu zosulelo: umkhuhlane, ukubanda, kunye nokungcangcazela. Ukuba indawo etyumkileyo ibomvu kwaye idumbile.
• Ukuba isitulo simnyama kwaye siyalinda .
• Ukuba kukho intlungu ebuhlungu okanye ukopha ngenxa yesilonda.
• Ukuba ukhohlela rhoqo okanye ukhwehlela igazi.
• Ukuba unengxaki yokuphefumla .
• Ukuba unentlungu esifubeni .

Ngaba nawe uphupha nge-endoscopy?

Kuxhomekeke kuvavanyo olwenziweyo. Kwiimvavanyo ezibandakanya inkqubo yakho yokugaya ukutya (indlela yesisu - indlela yesisu), usenokuba ulele. Kwezinye iintlobo, usenokuba uvukile, kodwa unokunikwa amayeza okuthomalalisa iintlungu.

Ugqirha wakho uza kukuchazela ukuba uza kube ulele okanye awuzulala ngexesha lovavanyo.

Nokuba unikwa i-painkillers, ukufakwa kwetyhubhu emzimbeni wakho kusenokungabonakali ngathi yinto emnandi. Kodwa cinga ngeenzuzo. Ngamanye amaxesha, novavanyo olulula olufana ne-ultrasound lunokubonisa ngokucacileyo isifo onokuthi ungasifumani. Ukuba oko kuyenzeka, akuyi kufuneka ubuyele kugqirha uze wenze iimvavanyo ezingaphezulu. Ezinye ii-biopsies zinokuthathwa kuphela nge-endoscopy. I-Endoscopy ngoku lolona nyango lungcono kwezinye izifo. Inokukhawulezisa utyando kwaye inciphise ixesha lokuchacha.

Izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu ekufuneka uzazi (Umyalezo oya nawo ekhaya)

Uninzi lweenkqubo ze-endoscopy zithatha malunga nemizuzu engama-30 kuphela . Kwiimeko ezininzi, ungaya ekhaya ngaloo mini inye. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukukhumbula ukuba ngokwenza olu hlobo lwenkqubo, ukhathalela impilo yakho. Akukho mfuneko yokoyika . Ukuba unemibuzo okanye iinkxalabo, thetha nogqirha wakho. Oko kuya kukunceda uzive ukhululekile.

Ngoko ke, ukuba kufuneka wenze i-endoscopy, yilungiselele kakuhle, ulandele imiyalelo kagqirha, kwaye yonke into iya kulunga!

I- Endoscopy, i-Endoscopy, Uxilongo, Uvavanyo lwangaphakathi, Unyango olungelulo utyando, Uvavanyo lwezonyango