Masifunde ngovavanyo lwe-MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging). Masithethe ngeenkcukacha ngaphandle koloyiko!

Ngaba wakha weva nge-MRI scan? Mhlawumbi ugqirha wakho ukucelile ukuba uyenze. Okanye mhlawumbi umhlobo okanye isalamane sakhe sayenza. Ngoko ke, mhlawumbi unemibuzo emininzi malunga nokuba yintoni i-MRI, kutheni yenziwa, kwaye kwenzeka ntoni emva kwayo. Ungakhathazeki, namhlanje siza kuthetha ngolu vavanyo lwe-MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) ngendlela elula onokuyiqonda.

Yintoni kanye kanye iMRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging)?

Ngamafutshane, i-MRI luvavanyo olungenabuhlungu olusivumela ukuba sibone ingaphakathi lemizimba yethu, njengezitho zomzimba kunye nezicubu, ngokucacileyo . Isebenzisa imagnethi enkulu, amaza erediyo, kunye nekhompyutha ukwenza imifanekiso eneenkcukacha zangaphakathi lemizimba yethu. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba ayisebenzisi ii-X-ray, okanye imitha.

Rhoqo, ukuba umntu kufuneka enziwe iiskeni rhoqo, ingakumbi kwiindawo ezifana nobuchopho, oogqirha bakhetha le MRI. Isizathu soku kukuba ekubeni kungekho mitha, ayibangeli monakalo mkhulu ukuba yenziwa rhoqo. Khawucinge nje, xa unyanga ezinye izifo, kufuneka uqhubeke uskeni ukuze ubone ukuba isifo siya sibi okanye singcono. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, iMRI iluncedo kakhulu.

Yintoni i-'Open MRI'?

Ngoku, kukho iintlobo ezimbini zoomatshini be-MRI. Olunye luhlobo lwe-'Open MRI'. Kule, ulala ebhedini, kwaye kukho iimagnethi ezimbini ezisicaba ngaphezulu nangaphantsi kwakho. Oku kudala indawo enkulu kumacala omabini. Abanye abantu baziva bexinezelekile xa bengena kolunye uhlobo lomatshini we-MRI. Kubo, i-'Open MRI' ilungile kakhulu kuba ayixinene kangako.

Kodwa kukho ingxaki encinci. Imifanekiso ethathwe ngalo matshini 'we-Open MRI' ayicacanga njengaleyo ithathwe ngezinye iimatshini 'ze-Closed-bore MRI'. Umatshini 'we-Closed-bore MRI' unesangqa esineemagnethi ezijikelezileyo. Ifana netyhubhu. Ungena ngaphakathi kuloo tyhubhu. Ngoko ke incinci kancinci, kwaye akukho sithuba sikhulu phakathi kwentloko yakho nenxalenye yomatshini engasentla. Ngenxa yoku, abanye abantu banokuziva bengakhululekanga kwaye besoyika. Nangona kunjalo, imifanekiso esemgangathweni ophezulu ingathathwa ngalo matshini.

Ukuba usenza i-MRI scan kwaye uyoyika kancinci iindawo ezixineneyo, thetha nogqirha wakho ngayo loo nto. Uya kukwazi ukukunika amayeza okuthomalalisa okanye i-anesthesia ukuba kuyimfuneko.

Yintoni i-MRI ene-'contrast'?

Ngexesha lee-MRI scans, unikwa inaliti encinci yezinto ezibonisa umahluko. Iqulethe isinyithi esingaqhelekanga esibizwa ngokuba yi-gadolinium. Xa le nto ifakwa emzimbeni wakho, itshintsha iimpawu zemagnethi zeemolekyuli zamanzi ezikufutshane. Oku kwenza imifanekiso icace ngakumbi . Oku kwandisa uvakalelo kunye nokuchaneka komfanekiso.

Ukusebenzisa le nto 'ichaseneyo' kwandisa ukucaca kwezi zinto:

• Iithumba
• Iimeko zokudumba (`Ukudumba`)
• Usulelo
• Indlela igazi elihanjiswa ngayo kwizitho ezithile zomzimba
• Ivazi yegazi

Ukuba i-MRI yakho ifuna olu hlobo lwezinto zokulinganisa, umboneleli wezempilo uza kufaka i-cannula encinci ("i-catheter efakwa ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi (umgca we-IV)") kumthambo osengalweni okanye esandleni sakho. Kulapho iyeza lifakwa khona.

Le nto 'ichaseneyo' liyeza elikhuselekileyo . Ngamanye amaxesha iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zinokubakho, kodwa iimpendulo ezinzulu azifumaneki rhoqo.

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwe-MRI kunye ne-CT scan?

I-MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) isebenzisa iimagnethi, amaza erediyo, kunye nekhompyutha ukwenza imifanekiso yangaphakathi yomzimba. Nangona kunjalo, ii-CT (Computed Tomography) scans zisebenzisa ii-X-ray kunye neekhompyutha.

Oogqirha badla ngokukhetha i-MRI kune-CT scan ukuze bajonge izicubu ezithambileyo , ezingamalungu omzimba angengomathambo. Ii-MRI scans nazo zikhuselekile kuba azinazo i-ionizing radiation efana ne-X-rays.

Ayipheleli apho, kodwa i-MRI inokubona izinto ezifana nengqondo yakho, umqolo, imithambo-luvo, izihlunu, imisipha, kunye nemisipha ngokucacileyo ngakumbi kune-X-rays kunye ne-CT scans eziqhelekileyo.

Nangona kunjalo, ayinguye wonke umntu onokuba ne-MRI. Amandla amakhulu emagnethi e-MRI anokuhambisa ezinye izinto ezifakelweyo zesinyithi emzimbeni, okanye achaphazele ukusebenza kwezixhobo ezifana ne-pacemakers kunye neempompo ze-insulin. Kwimeko ezinjalo, i-CT scan lolona khetho lulandelayo lufanelekileyo.

I-MRI scan idla ngokubiza kancinci kune-X-ray okanye i-CT scan.

Yintoni enokuhlolwa nge-MRI?

Sivile ukuba i-MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) ingathatha imifanekiso eneenkcukacha zangaphakathi lomzimba wakho. Ngoko ke, oogqirha banokubona izinto ezininzi ngaphakathi emzimbeni wakho ngale MRI, kuquka:

• Ingqondo yakho kunye nezicubu zemithambo-luvo ezijikeleze yona .
• Amalungu esifubeni nasesiswini. Imizekelo ibandakanya intliziyo, isibindi, indlela yenyongo, izintso, ipleen, amathumbu, ipancreas, kunye namadlala e-adrenal.
• Izicubu zesifuba.
• Umqolo wakho kunye nomqolo wakho .
• Izitho ze-pelvic. Ezi ziquka isinyi kunye nezitho zokuzala (isibeleko kunye nama-ovari kubasetyhini, i-prostate gland kumadoda).
• Ivazi yegazi.
• Ithumba.

Ndingayidinga nini i-MRI?

Oogqirha basebenzisa ii-MRI scans ukuxilonga iimeko ezahlukeneyo zonyango kunye nokubona ukuba unyango lusebenza kakuhle kangakanani. Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-MRIs, kuxhomekeke ekubeni leliphi ilungu lomzimba wakho ofuna ukulibona.

Ii-MRIs zobuchopho kunye nomgogodla zinceda ekuxilongeni nasekunyangeni izifo ezifana nezi:

• Ii-aneurysms zobuchopho.
• Iithumba zobuchopho kunye neethumba zomqolo.
• Ukonakala kwengqondo okanye umqolo ngenxa yengozi.
• Ukucinezelwa okanye ukudumba komqolo kunye nemithambo-luvo (umz., `imithambo-luvo ecinezelekileyo`).
• I-multiple sclerosis (MS).
• Iimeko ezinxulumene nomqolo.
• Ulwakhiwo kunye nendawo yomqolo.
• Istroke.

Ii-MRI zentliziyo (zentliziyo) zisetyenziswa ngezizathu ezahlukeneyo:

• Jonga ubungakanani beegumbi zakho zentliziyo, iivalvu zentliziyo, imithambo yegazi emikhulu kunye nendlela igazi elihamba ngayo kuzo, kunye nokuma kunye nomsebenzi wezakhiwo ezingqongileyo.
• Chonga izifo zentliziyo, ezinje ngeethumba, usulelo, kunye neemeko zokudumba.
• Vavanya iziphumo zesifo semithambo yegazi yentliziyo. Umzekelo, ukuthintela ukuhamba kwegazi ukuya kwimisipha yentliziyo, ukuvaleka kwemisipha yentliziyo emva kokuhlaselwa yintliziyo.
• Jonga ulwakhiwo kunye nomsebenzi wentliziyo kunye nemithambo yegazi kubantwana nakubantu abadala abanesifo sentliziyo sokuzalwa.

IiMRI zezinye iindawo zomzimba (iiBody MRIs) zinokujonga izakhiwo kunye neemeko ezifana nezi:

• Amaqhuma esifubeni sakho, esiswini, okanye entlafunweni.
• Izifo zesibindi, ezifana ne-cirrhosis, kunye neengxaki ze-bile ducts kunye ne-pancreas.
• Isifo samathumbu esidumbileyo, umzekelo, isifo sikaCrohn kunye ne-ulcerative colitis.
• Ukuphazamiseka kwemithambo yegazi kunye nokudumba kwemithambo yegazi (i-vasculitis).
• Umntwana osandul’ ukuzalwa esibelekweni.

Ii-MRI zamathambo kunye namalungu zinceda ukujonga:

• Usulelo lwethambo (i-osteomyelitis).
• Iithumba zamathambo.
• Ukuphazamiseka kwediski kwiidiski phakathi kwamathambo omqolo.
• Iingxaki zamalungu ezibangelwa kukwenzakala.

Ngamanye amaxesha oogqirha benza ii-MRI zamabele kunye ne-mammography ukuze bafumane umhlaza wamabele, ingakumbi kubafazi abanezicubu zamabele ezixineneyo okanye abo basengozini enkulu yokuba nomhlaza wamabele.

Ngaba kukhuselekile ukwenza i-MRI?

Ngokubanzi, ukuba kulandelwa amanyathelo okhuseleko afanelekileyo , i-MRI scan yinkqubo ekhuselekileyo kakhulu . Ayibeki mngcipheko kumntu oqhelekileyo.

Imagnethi enamandla ekhutshwa ngumatshini we-MRI ayinabungozi kuwe. Nangona kunjalo, inokubangela ukuba ezinye izixhobo zonyango ezifakwe emzimbeni wakho zingasebenzi kakuhle okanye inokubangela ukuba imifanekiso ingasebenzi kakuhle.

Ukuba i-MRI yakho isebenzisa izinto ezibonisa umahluko, usenokungabi nangxaki yokunganyamezelani. Ezi ngxaki zihlala zincinci kwaye zinokulawulwa ngamayeza. Ukuba unengxaki yokunganyamezelani, ingcali yezempilo iya kufumaneka ukuze ikuncede ngoko nangoko.

Abafazi abakhulelweyo abanikwa ii-MRIs ezine-gadolinium contrast ngaphandle kokuba kuyimfuneko ngokupheleleyo , njengoko iingozi ezinokubakho kwi-fetus azaziwa ngokupheleleyo.

Ngubani ongafanele enze i-MRI?

Kwiimeko ezininzi, kukhuselekile kubantu abane-metal implants ukuba benze i-MRI. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye iintlobo azinjalo . Ukuba isixhobo onaso asiqinisekiswanga njenge-MRI-safe, usenokungakwazi ukwenza i-MRI. Ezi zixhobo ziquka:

• Iiprosthesi ezidityanisiweyo zentsimbi.
• Ezinye izinto ezifakelwa kwi-cochlear.
• Ezinye iintlobo zeekliphu ezisetyenziselwa i-cerebral aneurysms.
• Ezinye iintlobo zeentsimbi ezijikeleza ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi.
• Ezinye izixhobo zokunciphisa iintliziyo ezindala kunye nee-pacemakers.
• Izinto ezivuselela imithambo-luvo yeVagal.

Ukuba ugqirha wakho ucela ukuba wenze i-MRI, uza kukubuza ngembali yakho yezonyango kunye nazo naziphi na izixhobo zonyango onazo ngaphakathi okanye ngaphandle komzimba wakho. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba ube neenkcukacha ezichanekileyo ngayo yonke le nto.

Ngubani owenza i-MRI?

I-MRI yakho iya kwenziwa yingcali ye-radiology okanye yingcali ye-radiology. Ingcali ye-radiology ngugqirha ohlola aze ahlalutye le mifanekiso ukuze afumanise izifo. Ingcali ye-radiology yingcali yezempilo eqeqeshwe ngokukodwa kwaye iqinisekisiwe ukwenza ii-MRI scans.

Isebenza njani i-MRI machine?

Nantsi indlela esebenza ngayo umatshini we-MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging): Umbane udlula kwi-coil yentambo, nto leyo eyenza i-magnetic field yethutyana emzimbeni wakho. Emva koko i-transmitter/receiver ekumatshini ithumela kwaye ifumane amaza erediyo. Ikhompyutha isebenzisa ezi signals ukwenza imifanekiso yedijithali yendawo eskeniweyo. Ayisiyonto imangalisayo na le?

Ndingazilungiselela njani ngaphambi kokuba ndenze i-MRI?

Ngenxa yokuba i-MRI scanner isebenzisa iimagnethi ezinamandla kunye namaza erediyo, ezinye izinto zesinyithi emzimbeni wakho zinokufudumeza okanye zihambehamba. Oku kunokubangela iingxaki zempilo nokhuseleko. Kunokubangela ukuba ezinye izixhobo zonyango ze-elektroniki emzimbeni wakho zingasebenzi kakuhle.

Kubalulekile: Ukuba unezixhobo zesinyithi okanye izixhobo zonyango ezifakelweyo emzimbeni wakho, kufuneka uxelele ugqirha wakho kunye nengcali ye-MRI ngazo ngaphambi kokuba wenze i-MRI..

Ezinye izinto ezifakelweyo zingadinga ucwangciso olongezelelekileyo kunye nemiyalelo ekhethekileyo. Ezinye zisenokungafuni miyalelo ikhethekileyo, kodwa kunokufuneka uthathe i-X-ray ukuze ubone kakuhle apho ifakelweyo ikhoyo ngaphambi kokuba kwenziwe inkqubo.

Nceda uxelele ugqirha wakho kunye nengcali ye-MRI ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi:

• I-pacemaker okanye i-defibrillator yentliziyo.
• Izivuseleli okanye izixhobo ze-elektroniki okanye ezifakelweyo. Umzekelo: izivuseleli zobuchopho obunzulu, izivuseleli zemithambo-luvo ye-vagus, izivuseleli zesinyi, izivuseleli zomqolo, izivuseleli ze-neuro, kunye nee-electrode okanye iintambo ezifakelweyo.
• Iiprosthesi ezidityanisiweyo zentsimbi.
• I-Cochlear implant okanye ezinye ii-implant zendlebe.
• Iimpompo zamayeza ezifakelweyo. Umzekelo, ezo zipompa amayeza eziyobisi/eentlungu okanye amayeza okunciphisa ukuqaqamba.
• I-shunt enokucwangciswa.
• Iikliphu ze-Aneurysm kunye neekhoyili.
• Iistenti azikho entliziyweni yakho.
• Izihluzi, umz. izihluzi zegazi.
• Iziqwenga zesinyithi emzimbeni okanye emehlweni akho. Umzekelo, iimbumbulu, iziqwenga zesinyithi, okanye umpu.

Awunakuzinxiba ezi zixhobo ngexesha le-MRI. Zama ukuzinxiba ngexesha le-MRI ngomhla otshintsha ngawo i-patch okanye isixhobo sakho:

• I-Continuous glucose monitor (CGM).
• Ipompo ye-insulin.
• Iipatches zamayeza.

Ukongeza, xelela ugqirha wakho ngezi zinto zilandelayo:

• " Ukhulelwe ?"
• Ngaba kunzima ukulala ngomqolo imizuzu engama-30 ukuya kwengama-60?
• Ngaba unoloyiko lweendawo ezixineneyo (i-claustrophobia)?

Shiya zonke izinto zobucwebe kunye nezinye izinto ekhaya, okanye uzisuse ngaphambi kwe-MRI. Izinto zesinyithi neze-elektroniki azivumelekanga kwigumbi lovavanyo. Zingaphazamisana nemagnethi yomatshini we-MRI, zibangele ukutsha, okanye zibe `zizinto eziyingozi`. Imizekelo ibandakanya:

• Ubucwebe, iiwotshi, amakhadi etyala, kunye nezixhobo zokuva - zonke zinokuphuka.
• Iiphini, iiphini zeenwele zesinyithi, iibrassiere ezifakwe iingcingo, kunye neeziphu zesinyithi - ezi zinokuphazamisa imifanekiso ye-MRI.
• Amazinyo okufakelwa asuswayo.
• Iipeni, iimela zeepokotho kunye neeglasi.
• Ukubhoboza umzimba.
• Iifowuni eziphathwayo, iiwotshi ze-elektroniki kunye nezixhobo zokulandelela.

Ithatha ixesha elingakanani i-MRI scan?

Ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lovavanyo kunye nezixhobo ezisetyenzisiweyo, uvavanyo lonke ludla ngokuthatha imizuzu engama-30 ukuya kwengama-50 ukugqitywa.Kuza kuthatha ixesha. Ngokuxhomekeke kwisizathu sokuhlolwa kwakho, ugqirha wakho unokukwazi ukukunika ixesha elichanekileyo.

Injani amava xa usenza i-MRI?

Uninzi lwee-MRI scans azibuhlungu . Nangona kunjalo, abanye abantu banokukufumanisa kunzima ukuhlala bezolile imizuzu engama-30 nangaphezulu. Abanye banokoyika ukuva ukuba bavalelwe ngaphakathi kumatshini we-MRI. Umatshini unokwenza ingxolo encinci .

Nazi ezinye izinto ezenzeka rhoqo ngexesha le-MRI scan kunye noko kufuneka ukulindele:

• Kwi-MRI scan, kuya kufuneka unxibe ilokhwe yesibhedlele.
• Kwiimvavanyo ezininzi, kuya kufuneka ulale ujonge phezulu kwibhedi ye-MRI scanning.
• Ibhedi ye-MRI scan ifakwa ngaphakathi kumatshini we-MRI.
• Xa i-MRI scan iqala, uza kuva uthotho lwezandi zokucofa nokucofa okukhulu njengoko umatshini uthatha imifanekiso. Oku kusenokuqhubeka imizuzu eliqela. Ngaphambi kokuba uvavanyo luqale, uza kunikwa ii-earplugs okanye ii-headphones ukukhusela iindlebe zakho.
• Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlala ungashukumi ngexesha lovavanyo ukuze ufumane imifanekiso esemgangathweni ophezulu .
• Kuqhelekile ukuziva ubushushu obuncinci kwilungu lomzimba wakho liskeniwa. Ukuba oku kuyakukhathaza, xelela ingcali ye-radiology okanye ingcali yetekhnoloji.
• Ingcali ye-MRI ingakubona ngamaxesha onke kwaye ingathetha nawe. Kukho inkqubo ye-intercom eneendlela ezimbini ngelixa ungaphakathi kwiskena. Ukwanayo neqhosha lokufowuna esandleni sakho. Ukuba unemibuzo okanye iinkxalabo, ungazisa ingcali.

Kwezinye iimeko, i-MRI yakho ingafuna izinto zokulinganisa. Ukuba kunjalo, umboneleli wezempilo uza kukunika izinto zokulinganisa nge-IV ngaphambi kwe-MRI. Usenokuziva iintlungu ezithile ezivela kwinaliti ye-IV, kodwa azinzima kangako. Usenokuziva namanxeba emva koko. Abanye abantu banokufumana incasa yesinyithi emlonyeni wabo emva kokuba izinto zokulinganisa zifakwe.

Ukuba une-claustrophobia, ugqirha wakho unokukunika i-sedative okanye i-anesthesia ukukunceda uhlale uzolile ngexesha lovavanyo.

Ngaba kukho naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ze-MRI 'contrast'?

Kunqabile kakhulu , abanye abantu abasebenzise izinto ezichaseneyo kwi-MRI banokufumana iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezifana nezi:

• Isicaphucaphu.
• Intloko ebuhlungu .
• Intlungu kwindawo efakwe kuyo inaliti.

Iimpendulo ze-allergy kwizinto ezichaseneyo, ezinje ngamaqhuqhuva namehlo arhawuzelelayo, azixhaphakanga kakhulu . Ukuba ufumana naziphi na iimpawu ze-allergy, xelela ingcali yezobuchwepheshe. Umsebenzi wezempilo uya kuba lapho ukuze akunike unyango olukhawulezileyo.

Abantu abanesifo sezintso banokufumana ingxaki engaqhelekanga ebizwa ngokuba yi-nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF), ebangela ukuqina kolusu, amalungu omzimba, kunye nezinye izicwili xa besenza i-MRI ene-contrast. Ke ngoko, abantu abanesifo sezintso esinzima basenokungakwazi ukufumana ii-contrast agents ezisekelwe kwi-gadolinium kwi-MRI.

Kukho ubungqina bokuba emva kovavanyo lwe-MRI olune-contrast, inani elincinci kakhulu le-gadolinium linokuhlala kwizitho ezahlukeneyo zomzimba wakho. Nangona oku kungakhange kubonakale ziphumo zimbi, ugqirha wakho angacinga ngale 'gadolinium retention' xa ekhetha i-contrast agent.

Kwenzeka ntoni emva kwe-MRI?

Ngaphandle kokuba uthathe iyeza lokuthomalalisa kwi-MRI scan yakho, awudingi xesha likhethekileyo lokuchacha. Ungaya ekhaya uye kwenza imisebenzi yakho yesiqhelo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba uthathe iyeza lokuthomalalisa kuvavanyo, kuya kufuneka uphole kwimiphumo yeli yeza ngaphambi kokuba ugoduke. Ungadinga umntu oza kukuqhubela ekhaya.

Ndiza kuzazi nini iziphumo ze-MRI?

Emva kwe-MRI scan yakho, ingcali ye-radiology iya kuhlalutya imifanekiso. Ingcali ye-radiology iya kuthumela ingxelo esayiniweyo kugqirha wakho oyintloko, ugqirha wakho. Iya kukuxelela iziphumo. Kusenokufuneka wenze olunye uvavanyo (uvavanyo olulandelayo). Ukuba kunjalo, ugqirha wakho uya kuchaza isizathu.

Khumbula njengesishwankathelo (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

I-MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) luvavanyo lokujonga oluluncedo kakhulu nolukhuselekileyo ngokubanzi olusetyenziswa ngoogqirha ngezizathu ezahlukeneyo. Ukuba usenza i-MRI scan kwaye unemibuzo okanye iingxaki malunga novavanyo, ungoyiki ukubuza ugqirha wakho. Bakho ukukunceda nokukuxhasa.

Khumbula, i-MRI ayisiyo i-X-ray. Isebenzisa amandla emagnethi anamandla kunye namaza erediyo. Ngoko ke akukho mitha. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba unezixhobo zesinyithi emzimbeni wakho, kubalulekile ukuxelela ugqirha wakho ngayo.

Ngoko ke, kwixesha elizayo xa usiva nge-MRI, ngoku uyayiqonda ngcono loo nto, akunjalo?

I - MRI, i-MRI, iskeni, i-magnetic resonance imaging, ukuxilongwa, iimvavanyo zempilo, iteknoloji yezonyango