Masithethe ngeendlela zokuzala ekufuneka uzazi xa ulindele umntwana.

Ukuba ungumama olindele umntwana kule mihla, mhlawumbi uziva uchulumancile kwaye uxhalabile kancinci, akunjalo? Njengoko usondela ekubeni nomntwana, kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuba nemibuzo emininzi efana nokuthi, "Kuza kwenzeka njani? Uza kuzalwa njani umntwana?" Abantu abaninzi banesicwangciso engqondweni sokuba ukuzalwa kwabo kufanele kube ngolu hlobo. Nangona kunjalo, kunzima ukutsho kwangaphambili ukuba le yindlela kanye umntwana aza kuzalwa ngayo. Nangona kunjalo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba wazi ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zokuzala umntwana. Namhlanje, masithethe malunga nokuba zeziphi ezi ndlela zokuzala.

Ziziphi iindlela eziphambili zokuzala?

Ngamafutshane, kukho iindlela ezininzi eziphambili zokufumana umntwana kweli hlabathi. Ugqirha wakho okanye umbelethisi uya kugqiba eyona ndlela ifanelekileyo kuwe ngokusekwe kwimpilo yakho kunye nemeko yomntwana. Makhe sijonge ukuba zeziphi ezo ndlela.

• Ukunikezelwa kwangasese
• Ukuncedisa ekubelekeni kwangasese - nokuba kukukhupha i-vacuum okanye ukuhambisa i-forceps.
• Ukuzalwa komntwana ngotyando (utyando lwe-C / ukuzalwa ngotyando)
• Ukuzalwa kwesini emva kotyando (VBAC) kumntu oye watyando ngaphambili

Ngoku masithethe ngenye yezi ndlela ngokweenkcukacha ezithe vetshe , kulungile?

1. Ukuhanjiswa Kwangasese

Le yeyona ndlela ikhuselekileyo neqhelekileyo yokuzala . Amaxesha amaninzi, ngaphandle kokuba kukho isizathu esikhethekileyo sezonyango, oogqirha bacebisa le ndlela. Idla ngokuzalwa phakathi kweeveki ezingama-37 nezingama-42. Kukho amanqanaba amathathu aphambili koku: ukuzala, ukuzala, kunye nokuzala i-placenta.

Zithini iingenelo zale ndlela?

• Ungaphila ngokukhawuleza: Xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iindlela, ungabuyela esiqhelweni ngokukhawuleza emva kokuba nomntwana ngokwendalo.
• Ikhuselekile kuwe nakumntwana wakho: Kwiimeko ezininzi, le yindlela enengozi encinci.
• Umngcipheko wokosuleleka uphantsi.
• Kuthiwa iintsana azinawo amathuba amaninzi okuba neengxaki zokuphefumla , kwaye neenkqubo zazo zokuzikhusela komzimba ziyaqiniswa .
• Ukuncancisa nokuncancisa kudla ngokuba lula.

Kukho iindlela ezimbini zokufumana umntwana ngesisu:

• Ukuzala okuzenzekelayo: Kule meko, ukuzala kuqala ngokwendalo kwaye umntwana uzalwe ngaphandle kwamayeza. Oku kunokwenzeka kakhulu malunga neeveki ezingama-40.
• Ukunikezelwa kwesisu okubangelwa kukuzala:Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba unengxaki yempilo okanye ukuba umhla wakho wokuzalwa udlulile, ugqirha wakho uya kukunika amayeza okanye ezinye iindlela zokubangela ukuba ubeleke. Oku kudla ngokwenziwa ngeyeza elibizwa ngokuba yiPitocin® (uhlobo lokwenziwa lwehomoni i-Oxytocin). Oku kunceda umlomo wesibeleko sakho uthambe kwaye uvuleke.

Kwenzeka ntoni ukuba awutyhali ngexesha lokubeleka kwilungu lobufazi?

Ixesha elininzi, xa umlomo wesibeleko sakho uvuleke ngokupheleleyo kwaye ugqirha wakho kunye nabanye abantu bekulungele, uya kuxelelwa ukuba utyhale xa kufika intlungu. Nangona kunjalo, kukho izimvo ezahlukeneyo malunga nokuba utyhale nini, ixesha elingakanani, kunye nokuba utyhale na kamva (ukutyhala okulibazisekileyo).

Kunzima ukutsho ngqo ukuba kuya kwenzeka ntoni ukuba awutyhali okanye awukwazi ukutyhala, kuba amava omntu wonke ahlukile. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye izifundo zibonisa ukuba ukuyeka okanye ukulibazisa ukutyhala, nokuba kufanele , kunokukhokelela kusulelo, ukopha kakhulu, okanye ukwenzakala kwesinqe . Ngoko ke licebo elihle ukuthetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokutyhala ngaphambi kokuba ubeleke.

2. Uncedo lokunikezelwa kwangasese

Ngamanye amaxesha, ugqirha kufuneka asebenzise i-forceps okanye i-vacuum ukususa umntwana kwilungu lobufazi. Oku kubizwa ngokuba kukunikezelwa kwelungu lobufazi ngoncedo. Oku kwenzeka kwiimeko ezifana nezi:

• Ukuba ubusibeleka ixesha elide .
• Ukuba ukuzala kubonakala ngathi kuyabambezeleka kwaye akuqhubeki .
• Ukuba udiniwe kukutyhala kwaye awukwazi ukutyhala kwakhona,
• Ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho nibonisa ukubandezeleka .

Nangona kunjalo, olu hlobo loncedo lokuhambisa luqhutywa kuphela xa kuhlangatyezwane neemeko ezithile.

Ziziphi imizekelo yokuzalwa okuncedisiweyo?

Indlela ugqirha wakho ayicebisayo ixhomekeke kwiimeko ohlangabezana nazo ngexesha lokubeleka.

• Ukunikezelwa nge-forceps: Esi sisixhobo esifana ne-forceps. Ugqirha usisebenzisa ukubamba intloko yomntwana ngononophelo aze amncede aphume emjelweni wokuzalwa.
• Ukuhanjiswa kokukhupha i-vacuum: Kule nto, ugqirha ubeka indebe encinci yokufunxa entlokweni yomntwana. Iqhagamshelwe kwimpompo. Njengoko utyhala, ugqirha usebenzisa indebe ukutsala umntwana kancinci.

Iingenelo kunye nokungalungi kwezi ndlela zombini ziyafana kakhulu. Kwiimeko ezininzi, ukhetho phakathi kwezi zimbini lusekelwe kumava kagqirha.

3. Ukuzala umntwana ngotyando (utyando lwe-C / ukuzalwa ngotyando)

I-cesarean section (C-section) yinkqubo apho ugqirha enza i-incision esiswini sakho nasesibelekweni ukuze abelethe umntwana wakho. Ngamanye amaxesha, i-cesarean section ingacwangciswa kwangaphambili ngezizathu zonyango. Okanye, ukuba kuvela ingxaki ngexesha lokubeleka, i-cesarean section engacwangciswanga ingafuneka.

Zithini izizathu zokuba kubekho utyando lwe-C-section olucwangcisiweyo?

• Ukuba ukhe wabeleka umntwana ngotyando .
• Ukuba ulindele ukuzala okuninzi, njengeewele .
• Ukuba une-placenta ephantsi (i-placenta previa) .
• Ukuba umntwana ukhwehlela , oko kuthetha ukuba imilenze okanye umzantsi ujonge ezantsi endaweni yentloko.
• Ukuba umntwana unobunzima obugqithisileyo (`Fetal macrosomia`) .
• Ukuba une-fibroids yesibeleko okanye ezinye izithintelo kwisibeleko sakho .

Kuphantsi kwaziphi iimeko apho utyando lwe-C-section olungacwangciswanga lungenziwa khona?

Ngamanye amaxesha, iimeko ziyatshintsha ngexesha lokubeleka kwaye utyando lwe-cesarean luyimfuneko ukuze wena nomntwana wakho nikhuseleke.

• Ukuba umntwana unengxaki ethile (`Ubunzima bomntwana ongekazalwa`) , oko kukuthi, ukuba umntwana ubonakala enengxaki yokunyamezela intlungu yokubeleka.
• Ukuba ukuzala akuqhubeki kwaye kubambekile .
• Ukuba intambo yomntwana iyehla ize iphume (`Intambo yomntwana iyaphela`).
• Ukuba i-placenta yahlukana nesibeleko ngaphambi kwexesha (ukuqhawuka kwe-placenta).
• Ukuba kukho ukopha okugqithisileyo (`Ukopha kwegazi`).

Zithini iingozi zotyando lwe-cesarean?

Njengalo naluphi na utyando, utyando lotyando lunezinye iingozi. Ngokubanzi, iingozi zotyando lotyando ziphezulu kancinci kunezo zokuzalwa kwilungu lobufazi.

• Usulelo lunokwenzeka.
• Kusenokubakho ukopha kakhulu , kwaye kusenokufuneka ukuba utofelwe igazi.
• Ihlwili legazi linokuvela lize lihambe ngemithambo yegazi lize livaleke (embolism).
• Amathumbu okanye isinyi sinokwenzakala .
• Kuthatha ixesha elide ukuchacha , kwaye ukuhlala esibhedlele kuthabatha ixesha elide.
• Izicubu ezingaphakathi kwesisu zinokunamathelana (ukunamathela kwesisu).

Zithini iingenelo zotyando lwe-cesarean?

Abanye abantu bakhetha utyando lotyando kuba becinga ukuba banokukhetha usuku lokubeleka. Oku kubizwa ngokuba lutyando lwe-C-section olukhethiweyo. Abanye oogqirha bayakuvumela oku nokuba akukho sizathu sezonyango, kodwa uninzi alukukhuthazi. Uninzi lotyando lotyando lwenziwa kuba luyimfuneko kwezonyango.I-American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) icebisa ukuba utyando olucwangcisiweyo lungenziwa ngaphambi kweeveki ezingama-39 ngaphandle kokuba kukho isizathu sezonyango.

Ezinye iingenelo zotyando lotyando xa kuthelekiswa nokubeletha ngesisu zingabandakanya:

• Akukho mngcipheko mkhulu wokwenzakala xa umntwana ephuma kwilungu lobufazi.
• Umngcipheko wokuba umntwana angafumani ioksijini ngexesha lokubeleka uphantsi.
• Umngcipheko wokuba nokungakwazi ukuzibamba komchamo okanye ukungasebenzi kakuhle ngokwesondo unokuncipha kamva.

4. Ukuzalwa Kwangasese Emva Kokuhlinzwa (VBAC)

Ukuba ukhe wabeleka ngotyando ngaphambili, unokukwazi ukuzala umntwana wakho olandelayo ngesisu, oko kukuthi, ngesiqhelo. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-'VBAC' (Ukuzalwa Kwangasese Emva Kotyando). Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokuba utyando lwenza inxeba kwisibeleko, kuvela isilonda apho. Ngoko ke, kukho uloyiko lokuba uxinzelelo lokuzala kwakhona kwisibeleko lunokubangela ukuba isibeleko siqhekeke kwindawo yesilonda esidala. Ke ngoko, kukho iimeko ezithile ekufuneka zihlangatyezwe ukuba uza kuzama i-'VBAC'.

Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukuba umntwana abe ngumntwana ngokwesiqhelo emva kotyando?

Ewe, unako. Ukuba uyahlangabezana nale miqathango, unethuba eliphezulu lokuba ne-`VBAC` ephumelelayo:

• Ukuba ugqirha wenze utyando oluphantsi olunqamlezileyo ngexesha lokubeleka kwangaphambili. Le yindlela uninzi lokubeleka okwenziwa ngayo, ngaphandle kwakwiimeko ezingxamisekileyo.
• Ukuba unezinye izibazi okanye iingxaki kwisibeleko sakho.
• Ukuba ukhe wabeleka umntwana ngaphambili .
• Ukuba awuzange uqhume isibeleko ngaphambili.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuthetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokuba ufanelekile na kwi-VBAC. Uza kujonga imbali yakho epheleleyo yezonyango aze akunike iingcebiso ezifanelekileyo.

Ezinye izinto ekufuneka uzazi xa ukhulelwe umntwana

Kukho amanye amagama ambalwa ekufuneka uwaqonde malunga nokuzala. Kuya kuba lula kuwe ukuwaqonda ukuba ugqirha uthetha ngawo.

Yintoni i-episiotomy?

I-episiotomy sisikrweqe esincinci esenziwe ngotyando esenzelwe ukwandisa kancinci umngxuma welungu lakho langasese ukuze kube lula ukuba intloko yomntwana iphume. Uninzi lwabantu aludingi oku. Kukho iintlobo ezimbini ze-episiotomy: isikrweqe esiphakathi, esenziwe ngqo phambi kwe-anus, kunye nesikrweqe esiphakathi, esenziwe kancinci ecaleni kwe-anus.

Ukukhupha i-amniotomy / Ukuqhekeza ingxowa yakho yamanzi

I-"Amniotomy" yinkqubo yokukrazula ii-membrane zakho (``AROM`` - ukukrazula ii-membrane zakho ngokwenziwa), ingxowa egcwele amanzi ejikeleze umntwana wakho. Ugqirha wakho angenza oku ngenxa yezizathu ezilandelayo:

• Nokuba kukuqala ukuzala okanye ukukhawulezisa (`ukukhuthaza okanye ukuqhubela phambili ukuzala`).
• Faka isixhobo sangaphakathi sokujonga ukuba isisu sakho sibuhlungu kangakanani.
• Beka isixhobo sokujonga ngaphakathi entlokweni yomntwana ukuze ujonge impilo yomntwana.
• Jonga ukuba indle yokuqala yomntwana (`Meconium`) iphi. (Le yinto eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka).

Ugqirha usebenzisa isixhobo esibizwa ngokuba yi-"Amniohook", esifana nenaliti yokuluka. Emva kokuba oku kwenziwe, umntwana kufuneka azalwe zingadlulanga iiyure ezingama-24 ukuthintela usulelo.

Ukubeka iliso kwi-Fetus

``Ukubeka iliso kwimveku`` yinkqubo yokubeka iliso kwisantya sentliziyo yomntwana ngexesha lokubeleka. Oku kungenziwa ngaphandle (``ngaphandle``) okanye ngaphakathi (``ngaphakathi``). Nje ukuba ugqirha azi ukuba umntwana uhlangabezana njani nokubeleka, unokugqiba ukuba aqhubeke nokubeleka okanye abeleke umntwana kwangethuba.

• Kwinkqubo yokubeka esweni umntwana ongekazalwa , isixhobo se-ultrasound sifakwa esiswini sakho kwaye sirekhoda izinto ezifana nokubetha kwentliziyo yomntwana wakho, ukuba ukudumba kwakho kuvela kangaphi, kunye nokuba kuhlala ixesha elingakanani.
• Kwindlela yokubeka esweni ngaphakathi , i-electrode encinci incamathiselwa entlokweni yomntwana ukuze kubhalwe isantya sentliziyo yomntwana. Amanzi akho kufuneka ukuba aqhekekile ukuze akwazi ukuba nale electrode. Ungabekwa nesixhobo sokuvavanya uxinzelelo kufutshane nomntwana wakho ukuze ulinganise amandla okuxinana.

Yeyiphi indlela yokuzala ebuhlungu kakhulu?

Le yinto enokwahluka kumntu nomntu. Zininzi izinto ezichaphazela oku, njengokuba usebenzisa iintlungu, uhlobo lwentlungu olusebenzisayo, kunye nokunyamezela kwakho iintlungu. Eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza kukuthetha nogqirha wakho malunga neendlela zokunciphisa iintlungu ngaphambi kokuba uqalise ukuzala. Ngale ndlela, unokuziqonda iingozi kunye neenzuzo zokhetho ngalunye.

Kukho iindlela ezimbini eziphambili: ukunikezelwa ngaphandle kwamayeza okanye okwendalo, okanye ukusebenzisa amayeza okudambisa iintlungu. Awunakwenziwa utyando lotyando ngaphandle kwamayeza.

Iindlela zokunciphisa iintlungu ngexesha lokubeleka ziquka:

• I-Analgesics: Ezi zinciphisa iintlungu, kodwa aziyisusi ngokupheleleyo imvakalelo okanye intshukumo yemisipha. Enye yezona pilisi zixhaphakileyo ezisetyenziswa ngexesha lokubeleka yi-epidural. Ungafumana i-epidural xa ubelekela kwisini okanye xa ubelekiswa ngotyando.
• Ii-Anesthetics:La mayeza (`Anesthesia`) athintela imiqondiso eya engqondweni yakho, ekuthintela ukuba uzive iintlungu. Anikwa njengotyando okanye ngomgca we-``IV - intravenous```. Kwi-cesarean section, unganikwa i-``General anesthesia``, ekwenza ulale ngokupheleleyo. Olunye ukhetho yi-``Local anesthesia``. Oku kuxa amayeza efakwa kwindawo ethile yomzimba wakho, umzekelo, i-vagina kunye nemithambo-luvo ejikelezileyo.

Enye into enokuchaphazela isigqibo sokuba yeyiphi indlela ebuhlungu kakhulu lixesha lokuchacha. Ngokubanzi, kulula ukuchacha emva kokubeleka kwisini kunangexesha lokubeleka ngotyando.

Khumbula, amava akho okuzala ahlukile kuwe. Kungumbono olungileyo ukwazi iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuzala kunye namagama asetyenziswa ngexesha lokukhulelwa kwakho. Ugqirha wakho uza kukucebisa indlela yokuzala ekhuselekileyo ngokusekelwe kwimbali yakho yezonyango kunye nenqanaba lokukhulelwa kwakho.

Okokugqibela, izinto ezimbalwa ekufuneka uzikhumbule

Ukuba nomntwana ngamava amakhulu ebomini. Kwaye kunokuba yinto eyoyikisayo kancinci. Kodwa ukwazi ezi zinto kunokukunika ukuzithemba okukhulu.

• Ukuzalwa ngakunye kwahlukile: sukucinga ukuba okwenzekileyo kumhlobo wakho kuza kwenzeka kuwe.
• Mthembe ugqirha wakho: Thetha naye ngayo nayiphi na ingxaki okanye uloyiko onalo.
• Yiba nesicwangciso, kodwa yiba bhetyebhetye: Izinto zisenokungahambi ngendlela ofuna ngayo. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukhuseleko lwakho nolomntwana wakho.
• Thetha ngolawulo lweentlungu kwangethuba: Fumanisa ukuba zeziphi iindlela onazo kunye nezinto ezilungileyo nezingalunganga ngazo.

Ndininqwenelela okuhle nosapho lwakho kolu hambo lukhethekileyo! Ngamana ningavuya ngomntwana osempilweni!

Ukuzala , ukuba nomntwana, utyando lotyando, ukuzala okuqhelekileyo, iintlungu zokubeleka, ukukhulelwa, iindlela zokuzala