Ngaba nawe unamawele okanye amawele amathathu? (Ukukhulelwa okuninzi) Makhe sithethe ngale nto!

Xa ugqirha ekuxelela ukuba uzala abantwana abangaphezu komnye, oko kukuthi, amawele okanye amawele amathathu (ukukhulelwa okuphindaphindiweyo), umele ukuba uzive umangalisiwe kwaye wonwabile kakhulu, akunjalo? Kodwa kwangaxeshanye, kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuba noloyiko oluncinci kunye nemibuzo embalwa efika engqondweni yakho. Usenokuba ucinga izinto ezinje, "Ndiza kubanyamekela njani abantu ababini?", "Ngaba ndiza kukwazi ukumelana nale nto?" Ungakhathazeki, awuwedwa. Kweli nqaku, siza kuthetha ngale "kukhulelwa okuphindaphindiweyo" ngendlela elula onokuyiqonda.

Yintoni le yokukhulelwa okuninzi?

Ngamafutshane, ukukhulelwa okuninzi kuxa ukhulelwe abantwana abangaphezu komnye ngexesha. Ukuba uthwele abantwana ababini, sibabiza ngamawele . Ukuba uthwele abantwana abathathu, sibabiza ngamawele amathathu . Ngamanye amaxesha, ungathwala abantwana abaninzi ngakumbi ekukhulelweni okufanayo, okubizwa ngokuba ziindidi ezininzi . Ngokwesiqhelo kukho iingozi ezimbalwa ezibandakanyekayo ekukhulelweni okuninzi kunasekukhulelweni kwe-singleton. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, ngolwalathiso olufanelekileyo lwezonyango, konke oku kunokulawulwa kakuhle.

La mawele namawele amathathu azalwa njani?

Kukho iindlela ezimbini eziphambili ezinokwenzeka ngayo oku:

1. Ukwahlulwa kweqanda/iqanda elinye elichunyisiweyo: Iqanda elinye elichunyisiweyo sisidoda esinye liyahlukana libe mabini okanye ngaphezulu ngaphambi kokuba lifakwe eludongeni lwesibeleko.

2. Ukuchumisa okuninzi: Amaqanda amaninzi achumiswa yisidoda esahlukileyo ngaxeshanye.

Ezi ndlela zimbini zichonga ukuba amawele afana okanye angamaqabane .

Ngoobani amawele afanayo?

Khawucinge nje, iqanda elinye lixutywa sisidoda esinye, lize lihlukane libe zimbini (okanye ngaphezulu). Abantwana abenza ngolu hlobo babizwa ngokuba ngamawele afanayo. Izinto zabo zofuzo ziyafana ngokupheleleyo. Oko kuthetha ukuba bafana kwaye bangabantu besini esinye (amantombazana ngamantombazana, amakhwenkwe ngamakhwenkwe) . Kufana nekopi yekhabhoni!

Ngoobani amawele angabazalwana?

Okwenzekayo apha kukuba amaqanda amabini (okanye ngaphezulu) ahlukeneyo axutywa yisidoda esahlukileyo. Ngoku khangela, amaqanda ahlukile, isidoda sahlukile. Ngoko ke ulwazi lwemfuza lwabantwana abazalwayo nalo lwahlukile. Yingakho aba bantwana bengafani, kwaye banokuxutywa njengendoda nebhinqa. Njengabazalwana noodade kusapho olunye, bazalwa ngosuku olunye.

Xa ukhulelwe ngee-triplets okanye ngaphezulu, abantwana banokufana bonke, bonke babe ne-dizygotic, okanye babe ngumxube wazo zombini. Oku kuthetha ukuba ukuba umzimba wakho ukhupha amaqanda amaninzi, angaphezu kwelinye kuwo ayavundiswa, kwaye elinye okanye ngaphezulu kwala maqanda avundisiweyo aphinde aqhekeke, oku kunokwenzeka.

Ngaba amawele afanayo ahlala esini esinye?

Ewe! Ngenxa yokuba amawele afanayo azalwa kwiqanda elifanayo kunye nesidoda, anolwazi olufanayo lwemfuza. Isini somntwana simiselwa luhlobo lwechromosome kwimbewu evundisiweyo. Iqanda likamama liqulathe ichromosome X. Ukuba isidoda sikatata sinechromosome X, umntwana uya kuba yiXX (ongumfazi), kwaye ukuba inechromosome Y, umntwana uya kuba yiXY (oyindoda). Ngoko ke, ngenxa yokuba iqanda elifanayo liyahlukana, umntwana ngamnye uya kuba nendibaniselwano yechromosome efanayo njengangaphambili.

Zeziphi izinto ezibangela umngcipheko wokukhulelwa amaxesha amaninzi?

Kukho izinto ezininzi ezibangela amathuba okuba namawele okanye abantwana abaninzi. Ezi zinto zinokukuchaphazela:

• Ubudala: Abafazi abakwiminyaka yabo engama-30 ngamanye amaxesha banomkhuba wokukhupha amaqanda angaphezu kwelinye ngexesha.
• Imbali yosapho: Ukuba uliwele, okanye ukuba kukho amawele kusapho lwakho (ingakumbi kwicala likamama wakho), kusenokwenzeka ukuba nawe ube namawele. Le yinto eyenzeka kwiijini zakho.
• Amayeza okuzala kunye nonyango: Ezinye iindlela zonyango zokuzala, ezifana ne -In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) , zonyusa amathuba okuba namawele ngokudlulisela amaqanda angaphezu kwelinye avundisiweyo esibelekweni ukuze kwandiswe amathuba okukhulelwa okuphumelelayo.
• Ubude nobunzima: Ezinye izifundo zibonisa ukuba abafazi abade okanye abanzima kunomndilili banokuba sengozini enkulu yokukhulelwa amaxesha amaninzi.

Kutshanje, njengoko abantu abaninzi befuna unyango lokuzala, inani lokuzala abantwana abaninzi nalo liye landa kancinci.

Ndingazi njani ukuba ndizala amawele? Zithini iimpawu?

Eyona ndlela yokwazi ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba uzala abantwana abangaphezu komnye kukubona ugqirha uze wenze i-ultrasound scan. Olu vavanyo lunokubona ngokucacileyo ukuba bangaphi abantwana abangaphakathi kwesibeleko sakho.

Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha iimpawu zinokuba nzima kakhulu kunakwimeko yokukhulelwa kwe-singleton. Umzekelo:

• Ukurhawuzelela okukhulu kwasekuseni kunye nokuhlanza.
• Ukunyuka ngokukhawuleza kobunzima kwiinyanga ezintathu zokuqala zokukhulelwa.
• Ukuva iintlungu ezigqithisileyo okanye ukuthamba emabeleni.
• Amanqanaba aphezulu ehomoni ebizwa ngokuba yiHuman Chorionic Gonadotrophin (hCG) egazini okanye emchameni. Le homoni ifunyanwa ngovavanyo lokukhulelwa.
• Amanqanaba aphezulu eproteni ebizwa ngokuba yi -Alpha-fetoprotein egazini.

Kwakhona, ukuba ugqirha uva ukubetha kwentliziyo okungaphezu kwesinye xa esenza iskeni se-fetal Doppler , usenokucinga ukuba kusenokuba ngamawele.

Ziziphi iingxaki ezinxulumene nokuzalwa kwamawele?

Nabani na unokuba neengxaki ngexesha lokukhulelwa, nokuba bangaphi na abantwana abakhulelweyo. Nangona kunjalo, oogqirha bacinga ukuba ukukhulelwa okuninzi kuyingozi enkulu kunokukhulelwa kwe-singleton. Oku akuthethi ukuba wonke umama okhulelweyo amawele uya kuba neengxaki. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ukhulelwe amawele, ugqirha wakho uya kukujonga rhoqo aze ajonge iingxaki ezinokubakho. Baza kukuchazela zonke iingozi.

Ezinye zeengxaki ezinokunxulunyaniswa nokukhulelwa okuninzi ziquka:

• Ukuzala ngaphambi kwexesha kunye nokuzalwa: Le yeyona ngxaki ixhaphakileyo ebonwa ekuzalweni kwabantwana abaninzi. Oku kuthetha ukuba abantwana banokuzalwa ngaphambi kweveki yama-37 yokukhulelwa. Kwimeko yamawele, ukugqiba iiveki ezingama-37 yeyona njongo yoomama abaninzi. Emva koko abantwana banamathuba amaninzi okuzalwa besempilweni kwaye benobunzima obuhle. Iintsana ezizelwe ngaphambi kwexesha nazo zisengozini yenye ingxaki ebizwa ngokuba bubunzima obuphantsi bokuzalwa.

• I-Preeclampsia okanye i-Gestational hypertension: Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu ngexesha lokukhulelwa lubizwa ngokuba yi-hypertension. Ugqirha wakho uza kujonga uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi rhoqo ukuze abone ukuba une-gestational hypertension. Oku ngamanye amaxesha kunokukhokelela kwimeko eyingozi ebizwa ngokuba yi -preeclampsia . Umama onamawele unamathuba aphindwe kabini okufumana le meko kunomama onomntwana omnye. Kwakhona, le meko inokwenzeka kwasekuqaleni kokukhulelwa okanye inokukhula ngokukhawuleza.

• Isifo seswekile sokukhulelwa: Isifo seswekile sinokuvela ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Oku kungenxa yokwanda kweehomoni ezikhutshwa yi-placenta. Ubungakanani be-placenta bunokuchaphazela oku. Ukuba une-placenta ezimbini, ukumelana kwakho ne-insulin kuyanda.

• Ukuqhawuka kwe-placenta: Oku kungxamiseko. Kuxa i-placenta yahlukana nodonga lwesibeleko ngaphambi kokuba umntwana azalwe. Le meko inokwenzeka kakhulu koomama abathwele amawele.

• Uthintelo lokukhula kosana olusandul’ ukuzalwa: Olukwaziwa ngokuba yi -intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) okanye oluncinci ngexesha lokukhulelwa (SGA) , oku kwenzeka xa olunye okanye ngaphezulu kosana lwakho lungakhuli kakuhle. Oku kunokubangela ukuba abantwana bazalwe ngaphambi kwexesha okanye benobunzima obuphantsi. Le ngxaki yenzeka malunga nesiqingatha sokukhulelwa okuninzi.

Amawele azalwa ngabazali ahlala ene-placenta ezimbini. Iingozi zokukhulelwa ezichaphazela wona ziyafana nezo zokukhulelwa komntwana omnye, kodwa ziphezulu kancinci.

Amawele afanayo anokuba ne-placenta enye (70% yexesha) okanye ii-placenta ezimbini (30% yexesha). Iingozi zamawele afanayo ane-placenta ezimbini ziyafana nezo zamawele azalwa ngabazali.

Iingozi ezikhethekileyo zamawele afanayo abelana nge-placenta enye (i-Monochorionic)

Amawele afanayo abelana nge-placenta enye (esiyibiza ngokuba yi- monochorionic) aneengozi ezahlukeneyo:

• I-Twin-Twin-Transfusion-Syndrome (TTTS): Le meko yenzeka phakathi kwe-5% kunye ne-15% yamatyala. Oku kungenxa yokunxibelelana kwemithambo yegazi phakathi kwamawele kwinqanaba le-placental. Ngenxa yolu nxibelelwano, amawele abelana ngegazi lawo. Ukuba oku kuyenzeka, ukuba akukho nto yenziwayo, kukho umngcipheko we-90% wokuba amawele aza kufela esibelekweni. Kukho unyango olwenziwa esibelekweni (iinkqubo zangaphakathi kwesibeleko) ukunciphisa lo mngcipheko.

• Ulandelelwano lweTwin-Anemia-Polycythemia (TAPS): Le yimeko apho igazi liphuma kwelinye iwele liye kwelinye ngenxa yonxibelelwano lwe-placental. Kule meko, xa umntwana omnye ene-anemia (iiseli zegazi ezibomvu ezisezantsi), omnye umntwana uba yi-polycythemic (iiseli zegazi ezibomvu eziphezulu). Xa oku kusenzeka, kusetyenziswa iindlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango/iindlela zokungenelela.

• I-IUGR ekhethiweyo: Le yenye imeko ebonwa kumawele afanayo abelana nge-placenta enye. Nangona umntwana omnye ekhula kakuhle, ukukhula komntwana wesibini kuncipha kakhulu.

• (Isifo se-Twin-Reversed-Arterial-Perfusion - TRAP): Kule meko, intliziyo yomntwana omnye ipompa igazi kwiimveku zombini. Omnye umntwana akanayo intliziyo kwaye akaphili emva kokuzalwa. Impilo yomntwana onentliziyo eqhelekileyo inokwahluka. Ngethamsanqa, esi sifo sinqabile kakhulu (malunga ne-1 kwi-20,000 ukuya kwi-40,000) kwaye sinokunyangwa esibelekweni.

• I-Monoamniotic: Amawele afanayo abelana nge-placenta enye ngamanye amaxesha anokuba kwi-sac efanayo yokukhulelwa. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi -Monochorionic-Monoamniotic . Le meko yenzeka malunga ne-1% yokukhulelwa okuninzi. Kule meko, kukho umngcipheko omkhulu kumntwana omnye okanye bobabini.

Ugqirha wakho uxilonga zonke ezi meko ngokusebenzisa ii-ultrasound scans.

Ngaba kukho amathuba amaninzi okuzala umntwana ngotyando (C-section) xa efumana amawele?

Utyando lotyando lotyando yinkqubo apho umntwana ezalwa ngesikrweqe esiswini. Oku kungenziwa ngezizathu ezahlukeneyo, kodwa kudla ngokwenziwa xa kuzalwa abantwana abaninzi. Utyando lotyando lotyando lunokwenzeka xa kukhulelwa amawele kunaxa kukhulelwa umntu omnye. Nangona kunjalo, kwanaxa kukhulelwa umntu omnye, utyando lotyando ngamanye amaxesha yeyona ndlela ikhuselekileyo yokuzala umntwana.

Uninzi lwexesha, abantwana bazalwa bekwimo yokukhwehlela (intloko ijonge ezantsi). Kwakhona, ukuba uneengxaki ngexesha lokukhulelwa kwakho, kwaye ukuzala ngesisu akukhuselekanga kuwe okanye kumntwana wakho, unokufuna ukwenza i-cesarean section. Ugqirha wakho uza kukujonga ngokusondeleyo ude ulungele ukuzala aze athethe nawe ngeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuzala umntwana wakho.

Ndingenza ntoni ukuze ndihlale ndisempilweni xa ndikhulelwe amawele?

Ukutya ukutya okunesondlo, ukuphumla ngokwaneleyo, nokubona ugqirha wakho rhoqo konke oku kubalulekile ekukhulelweni okunempilo kuye nawuphi na umama okhulelweyo. Ezi zinto zibaluleke ngakumbi kumama okhulelweyo.

Ukuba uthwele amawele, kufuneka ulumke kakhulu ngokutya kwakho. Kubalulekile ukufumana iiproteni kunye nolwelo olwaneleyo (amanzi). Kufuneka utye iikhalori ezongezelelweyo ezaneleyo ukuxhasa umntwana wakho okhulayo. Ngokwesiqhelo, umntwana ngamnye udinga malunga neekhalori ezingama-300 ezongezelelweyo ngosuku . Oko kuthetha ukuba ukuba uthwele amawele, udinga malunga neekhalori ezingama-600 ezongezelelweyo ngosuku. Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokutya kwakho kunye nobungakanani obuthile obufunekayo ukuze ukhulelwe kakuhle.

Oomama bamawele banokufumana ezinye zeengxaki eziqhelekileyo zokukhulelwa (umz. iintlungu zomqolo, ukudinwa). Kubalulekile ukuzinyamekela kakuhle kwaye ufumane ukuphumla okwaneleyo.

Kwezinye iimeko, kungcono ukubona ingcali enamava okuzala abantwana abaninzi. Oku kuya kuqinisekisa ukuba wena nomntwana wakho nifumana unyango olungcono kakhulu. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukufumana unyango oluqatha noluqhelekileyo ngaphambi kokukhulelwa ngexesha lokukhulelwa okuninzi. Cela ingcebiso kugqirha wakho wosapho okanye kwi-OBGYN ngale nto.

Ngaba ungazilolonga xa unewele?

Ukuzilolonga kubalulekile ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Kwiimeko ezininzi, usenokuzilolonga ngelixa ukhulelwe. Ukuzilolonga okulula, okungenampembelelo ingako yeyona ilungileyo. Umzekelo:

• Ukuqubha
• Ukuhamba ngeenyawo
• I-yoga yangaphambi kokubeleka

Nangona ukuzilolonga kulungile, kungcono ukuthetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokuba zeziphi izilolonga ezifanelekileyo kuwe. Eminye imithambo enzima isenokungabi yeyona ilungileyo kuwe ngexesha lokukhulelwa kwamawele. Umzekelo:

• Ukubaleka
• Ii-aerobics eziquka ukutsiba

Kwakhona, khumbula ukuba ukuba ufumana naziphi na iingxaki, kunokufuneka utshintshe indlela yakho yokuzilolonga.

Izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Ukuba namawele okanye amawele amathathu yintsikelelo ngokwenene! Ewe, kunokubakho imingeni ethile, kodwa ungayoyisa yonke.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukulandela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho kwaye uye kwiikliniki ngexesha. Baza kukunyamekela kakuhle wena nomntwana wakho.

• Yitya kwaye usele kakuhle, ingakumbi ngeeproteni kunye neekhalori ezingaphezulu.
• Phumla ngokwaneleyo. Ukuphumla kubalulekile kuba kubeka uxinzelelo olongezelelekileyo emzimbeni wakho.
• Yenza umthambo olula, kodwa qala emva kokubonisana nogqirha wakho.
• Ukuba ubona into engaqhelekanga okanye eyahlukileyo, xelela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko. Musa ukuyityeshela neyona nto incinci.
• Thetha nomyeni wakho, usapho, okanye ugqirha malunga noloyiko lwakho kunye nezinto ezikuxhalabisayo. Musa ukuzigcina ziyimfihlo.

Awuhambi wedwa kolu hambo. Baninzi abantu abanokukunceda nabakukhathaleleyo. Yonwabela la mava amangalisayo!

Amawele , amawele amathathu, ukukhulelwa okuninzi, impilo yokukhulelwa, iingxaki zokubeleka, amawele afanayo, amawele angabazalwana