Xa uthetha ngesifo seswekile, kumele ukuba uvile ngeentlobo ezimbini, uhlobo 1 kunye nohlobo 2, akunjalo? Uninzi lwethu lucinga ukuba isifo seswekile sohlobo 1 sichaphazela abantwana kunye nabantu abadala abancinci kuphela, kwaye uhlobo 2 luchaphazela abantu abadala kuphela. Kodwa oko akuyonyani ngokupheleleyo. Isifo seswekile sohlobo 1 sinokukhula nakubantu abadala. Oku ngamanye amaxesha kunokuphoswa ngoogqirha, nto leyo enokubangela ukulibaziseka ekwenzeni uxilongo oluchanekileyo. Ke namhlanje siza kuthetha ngalo mba ubalulekileyo.
Yintoni isifo seswekile sohlobo 1 kubantu abadala?
Ngamafutshane, oku kuyafana nesifo seswekile sohlobo loku-1. Kodwa siqala xa umntu emdala. I-pancreas sisitho emzimbeni wethu esivelisa i-hormone ebizwa ngokuba yi-insulin. Le insulin inceda iiseli zomzimba ukuba zifunxe iswekile (i-glucose) ekutyeni esikutyayo ukuze sifumane amandla.
Isifo seswekile sohlobo loku-1 senzeka xa inkqubo yomzimba wethu yokuzikhusela ihlasela ngempazamo kwaye itshabalalise iiseli ezivelisa i-insulin. Le yimeko yokuzikhusela komzimba . Xa ikhula kubantu abadala, yaziwa ngokwezonyango njengeLatent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults (LADA) .
Le meko idla ngokuqala emva kweminyaka engama-30. Ngenxa yokuba iimpawu zayo zifana kakhulu ne-Type 2 diabetes, abantu abaninzi ekuqaleni babonwa gwenxa njenge-Type 2 diabetes. Kodwa kubalulekile ukuqonda umahluko phakathi kwezi zimbini kwaye ufumane unyango olufanelekileyo kuwe.
Ingaba oku kwahlukile kuhlobo 1 oluvela ebantwaneni?
Cinga ngale ndlela: Isifo seswekile i-LADA kunye nesifo seswekile sohlobo 1 ebuntwaneni zifana nabalinganiswa ababini kwibali elinye. Zombini zibandakanya inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela ehlasela i-pancreas. Kodwa umahluko ophambili sisantya esiqhubeka ngaso esi sifo.
- Isifo seswekile sohlobo loku-1 ebantwaneni: Oku kukhula ngokukhawuleza kakhulu. Iiseli kwi-pancreas zitshatyalaliswa ngokukhawuleza, kwaye ukuveliswa kwe-insulin kuyayeka. Ngenxa yoko, iimpawu ziyavela ngokukhawuleza, kwaye kufuneka kuqalwe ukujova i-insulin ngoko nangoko.
- I-LADA yokuqalisa kwabantu abadala: Oku kukhula kancinci kakhulu. Iiseli kwi-pancreas ziyatshatyalaliswa kancinci kancinci. Ke ngoko, umzimba uvelisa i-insulin ethile kumanqanaba okuqala. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, idla ngokuphazama njenge-Type 2. Abanye oogqirha bakwayibiza ngokuba yi-"Type 1.5 diabetes."
Zithini izizathu zale meko?
Isizathu esichanekileyo sokuba inkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela komzimba ihlasele i-pancreas asikaziwa, kodwa kukholelwa ukuba kukho izinto ezithile ezinokuba nendima.
- Impembelelo yemfuza: Ukuba abazali bakho banesifo seswekile sohlobo loku-1, nawe usemngciphekweni omkhulu wokuba naso.
- Iintsholongwane okanye izinto ezichaphazela okusingqongileyo:Ezinye izifo ezibangelwa ziintsholongwane okanye iityhefu ezikwindalo zinokubangela le nkqubo yokuzikhusela komzimba.
- Indlela Yokuphila: Ngokungafaniyo nesifo seswekile sohlobo 1 ebantwaneni, ezinye iindlela zokuphila zinokuchaphazela ne-LADA nakubantu abadala. Umzekelo, ukutyeba kakhulu, ukungazilolongi, ukutshaya, kunye nokusela utywala kwandisa umngcipheko.
Ziziphi iimpawu ezinokuchongwa?
Ngamanye amaxesha le meko inokubakho ngaphandle kweempawu. Nangona kunjalo, iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zifana nezo zesifo seswekile sohlobo lwesibini. Ezi zinokubonakala kancinci kancinci kwiinyanga ezimbalwa.
| Uphawu | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Unxano olugqithisileyo kunye nendlala | Ukunganeliseki nokuba usela amanzi okanye ukutya okungakanani na. |
| Ukuchama rhoqo | Ukufuna ukuchama rhoqo, ingakumbi ebusuku. |
| Ukudinwa okungaqhelekanga | Ukuziva udiniwe kwaye ubuthathaka ngalo lonke ixesha ngaphandle kwesizathu. |
| Ukunciphisa umzimba ngequbuliso | Ukunciphisa umzimba ngaphandle kokutshintsha indlela yokutya okanye umthambo. |
| Umbono ofipheleyo | Utshintsho embonweni, ukungakwazi ukubona ngokucacileyo. |
| Usulelo oluqhelekileyo | Usulelo lwe-yeast oluqhelekileyo lolusu, umchamo, okanye i-vaginal kubasetyhini. |
| Ezinye iimpawu | Umoya ophuma kwiziqhamo, ukungakhululeki kwamalungu omzimba, ulusu olomileyo nolurhawuzelayo. |
Ugqirha uyifumana njani kanye kanye le nto?
Ngamanye amaxesha kunokuba nzima ukufumanisa isifo seswekile sohlobo loku-1 kumntu omdala. Oku kungenxa yokuba iimpawu zibonakala kancinci, kwaye kuba zinokuvela kubantu abanobunzima obuqhelekileyo abangatyebanga, njengabantu abaninzi abanesifo seswekile sohlobo lwesibini, kwanogqirha usenokungayiqondi loo nto ekuqaleni.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba ukuba uneempawu zesifo seswekile, bonana nogqirha ngokukhawuleza uze wenze uvavanyo olufunekayo.
Kukho iimvavanyo ezininzi ezisetyenziswa rhoqo ukujonga isifo seswekile:
- Uvavanyo lwe-glycated hemoglobin (A1c): Olu vavanyo lujonga inqanaba lakho eliqhelekileyo leswekile egazini kwiinyanga ezi-2-3 ezidlulileyo.
- Uvavanyo lweswekile yegazi lokuzila ukutya: Uvavanyo olwenziwa kusasa ngaphambi kokuba utye okanye usele nantoni na.
- Uvavanyo lweswekile egazini olungaqhelekanga: Uvavanyo olwenziwe nangaliphi na ixesha losuku.
Nje ukuba ezi mvavanyo ziqinisekise ukuba kukho isifo seswekile, kwenziwa ezinye iimvavanyo ezikhethekileyo ukuze kuchongwe ukuba ngaba sisifo sohlobo 1 (i-LADA) okanye sisifo sohlobo 2.
- Uvavanyo lwe-Antibody: Olu vavanyo luvavanya igazi ukuba likhona na i-antibodies ezithile (ii-autoantibodies) ezibonwa kwisifo seswekile sohlobo loku-1. Ezi azibonwa kwisifo seswekile sohlobo lwe-2.
- Uvavanyo lwe-C-peptide: I-C-peptide yenye into eveliswa ngumzimba wethu xa isenza i-insulin. Amanqanaba aphantsi ale nto athetha ukuba akukho insulin yaneleyo eveliswayo. Amanqanaba e-C-peptide aphantsi kwi-LADA, kodwa kuhlobo lwesibini, anokuba aqhelekileyo okanye aphezulu.
Iphathwa njani?
Ukuba ufunyaniswe une-LADA, injongo ephambili yonyango kukulawula amanqanaba eswekile egazini lakho kunye nokunciphisa isifo ekubeni siqhubeke nokuba mandundu.
Kwinqanaba lokuqala, inaliti ye-insulin isenokungafuneki. Esi sifo sinokulawulwa ngokutya okunempilo, umthambo rhoqo , mhlawumbi namayeza esifo seswekile (umz., `Metformin`, `Dipeptidyl peptidase (DPP)`).
Nangona kunjalo, njengoko i-pancreas ingasebenzi kakuhle ngokuhamba kwexesha, unyango lwe-insulin lunokufuneka. Kuya kufuneka uxoxe nogqirha wakho ngesicwangciso sonyango esifanelekileyo kuwe.
Utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila
- Ukuba uyatshaya, yeka.
- Ukuba utyebile kakhulu, yehlisa umzimba.
- Ukuzilolonga ubuncinane imizuzu eli-150 ngeveki.(Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuthetha nogqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukuzilolonga kwaye ufumane ingcebiso malunga nendlela yokulawula amanqanaba eswekile egazini lakho ngelixa uzilolonga).
- Thetha nogqirha wakho okanye ingcali yesondlo malunga nesicwangciso sokutya esilungele isifo seswekile.
Zeziphi iingxaki ezinokwenzeka ukuba azilawulwa?
Njengayo nayiphi na imeko yesifo seswekile, i-LADA inokukhokelela kwiingxaki ezinkulu ezihlala ixesha elide ukuba ayilawulwa ngokufanelekileyo. Kodwa khumbula, ukugcina amanqanaba eswekile egazini lakho elawulwa kakuhle kunokunciphisa kakhulu umngcipheko wezi ngxaki.
- Iingxaki zamehlo (umz. i-glaucoma)
- Isifo sezintso
- Isifo sentliziyo, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu kunye nesifo sohlangothi
- Umonakalo wemithambo-luvo
- Ukulimala kweenyawo kunye nosulelo
Kungoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona ugqirha ngexesha, uthabathe amayeza akho njengoko kuyalelwe, kwaye ujonge amanqanaba eswekile egazini lakho rhoqo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Isifo seswekile sohlobo loku-1 sinokukhula nakubantu abadala. Sibizwa ngokukodwa ngokuba yi-LADA (i-Latent Autoimmune Diabetes kubantu abadala).
- Oku kubangelwa yingxaki kwinkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela kwaye ikhula kancinci kunohlobo 1, oluvela ebantwaneni.
- Ngenxa yokuba iimpawu zifana nezesifo seswekile sohlobo lwesibini, sidla ngokungachazwa kakuhle.
- Uvavanyo lwegazi lunokujonga amanqanaba eswekile kunye nee-antibodies ezithile ukuze kufumaneke ukuxilongwa ngokuchanekileyo.
- Unyango lunokubandakanya utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila, amayeza, kwaye, ekuhambeni kwexesha, inaliti ye-insulin. Landela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho rhoqo.
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