Ngaba wakha waliva igama elithi 'aneurysm'? Mhlawumbi ugqirha wakho ukhe walikhankanya, okanye mhlawumbi umntu kusapho lwakho unale meko. Nangona isenokuvakala isoyikisa kancinci, kubalulekile ukuyiqonda. Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngotyando oluvulekileyo lwendabuko lwe-aneurysm, oko kukuthi, 'utyando oluvulekileyo lwendabuko'.
Yintoni utyando lwe-aneurysm?
Ngamafutshane, utyando lwe-aneurysm lunyango lwe-aneurysm kwi-aorta, umthambo wegazi oyintloko emzimbeni wethu. I-aorta ifana nombhobho wamanzi oyintloko emzimbeni wethu. Xa olunye udonga lwayo lubuthathaka kwaye luvuthuluka njengebhaluni, siyibiza ngokuba yi-"Aortic Aneurysm". Oku kuyingozi kakhulu, kuba ivuthuluka linokuqhuma (liqhekeke) okanye likrazuke (liqhekeke). Ukuba oko kuyenzeka, kunokuba yingozi ebomini.
Ngoko ke kolu tyando, ugqirha ususa inxalenye eyonakeleyo nedumbileyo ye-aorta aze ayitshintshe ngesakhiwo esifana nombhobho esenziwe ngezicubu zokwenziwa. Oku sikubiza ngokuba yi-graft. Le graft isebenza njengomthambo omtsha wegazi, ivumela igazi ukuba lihambe ngokukhuselekileyo kwaye lingenasiphazamiso.
Olu lutyando olukhulu. Ugqirha kufuneka enze utyando olukhulu esifubeni sakho okanye esiswini sakho ukuze afikelele kwi-aneurysm. Ukuba isesifubeni sakho, siyibiza ngokuba yi-`(thoracic aortic aneurysm)`, kwaye ukuba isezantsi kancinci esiswini sakho, siyibiza ngokuba yi-`(abdominal aortic aneurysm)`.
Olu tyando lusindisa ubomi. Nangona kukho iingozi ezithile ezibandakanyekileyo, iingenelo zazo zingaphezulu kakhulu. Ugqirha wakho uza kuxoxa nawe ngonyango olungcono kuwe.
Ngubani ngokwenene odinga olu tyando?
Olu tyando lufuneka kwiindawo ezimbini eziphambili. Enye ingxamiseko, enye icwangcisiwe kwaye yenziwa ngaphambi kokuba kuvele umngcipheko.
1. Njengemeko engxamisekileyo (ukuba i-aneurysm iyaqhuma okanye iyaqhekeka)
Le yeyona meko iyingozi kakhulu. Ukuba i-aneurysm iyagqabhuka, yimeko ethetha ubomi okanye ukufa. Ukuba ngequbuliso ufumana ezi mpawu zilandelayo, kuya kufuneka uye kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) lesibhedlele ngoko nangoko .
| Iimpawu ezinokwenzeka ngexesha likaxakeka | |
|---|---|
| Intlungu ebuhlungu ngequbuliso, enganyamezelekiyo, esifubeni okanye emqolo. | Intlungu ebuhlungu ngequbuliso esiswini, emqolo, okanye emilenzeni. |
| Ulusu olunamathelayo nolubilayo. | Ukudinwa nokuquleka. |
| Ukubetha kwentliziyo okukhawulezayo kakhulu. | Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza. |
| Ubunzima bokuphefumla. | |
2. Ngaphambi kokuba kubekho umngcipheko (njengotyando olucwangcisiweyo)
Ukuba ugqirha wakho ufumanise ukuba une-aneurysm, uza kuyijonga rhoqo. Ukuba kukho nayiphi na kwezi zilandelayo, umngcipheko wokuqhuma kwe-aneurysm uphezulu. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, ugqirha wakho unokugqiba ekubeni enze utyando.
- Ukuba uziva iintlungu esiswini, emqolo, esifubeni, emqolo, okanye ethangeni elingaphakathi.
- Ukuba kuvakala ngathi kubuhlungu esiswini.
- Ukuba ukhohlela, urhawuzelelwa lilizwi, okanye uphefumla nzima.
- Ukuba i-aneurysm inkulu kuneesentimitha ezi-5 .
- Ukuba i-aneurysm ikhula ngokukhawuleza (ngaphezu kwe-1 centimeter ngonyaka).
Ugqirha wakho uza kuqwalasela izinto ezininzi, kuquka impilo yakho iyonke, ubungakanani be-aneurysm, kunye nendawo ekuyo, ukuze enze isigqibo esifanelekileyo. Umzekelo, ukuba unesifo esifana ne-Marfan syndrome, nokuba yi-aneurysm encinci inokuba yingozi. Ke ngoko, utyando lunokufuneka ngokukhawuleza.
Kwenzeka ntoni ngaphambi kotyando?
Ukuba lutyando olucwangcisiweyo, amalungiselelo aqala kwiiveki ngaphambi kokuba kwenzeke.
- Uvavanyo lwezonyango: Ugqirha uza kukuhlola aze enze uvavanyo oluninzi ukuze abone ukuba umzimba wakho ukulungele na utyando.
- Ukuthetha ngamayeza: Ufanele uxelele ugqirha wakho ngawo onke amayeza owasebenzisayo (athengiswa ngaphandle kwemvume kagqirha, amayeza esintu, iivithamini). Amanye amayeza anokufuna ukuba uyeke ukuwasebenzisa ngaphambi kotyando.
- Lawula ezinye izifo: Ukuba unezifo ezifana noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, kufuneka zilawulwe kakuhle ngaphambi kotyando.
- Ukuyeka ukutshaya: Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuyeka ngokupheleleyo ukutshaya ubuncinane inyanga enye ngaphambi kotyando.
- Izifo: Ukuba unesifo esithile, njengomkhuhlane okanye umkhuhlane, xelela ugqirha wakho ngaso.
Ugqirha uza kukunika imiyalelo ekhethekileyo, njengokungaseli manzi emva kweentsuku ezimnyama ebusuku ngaphambi kotyando.
Kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha lotyando?
Awuyi kuva nto ngexesha lotyando. Uza kulaliswa phantsi kwe-anesthesia eqhelekileyo. Utyando ludla ngokuthatha malunga neeyure ezi-3-4. Nazi amanyathelo aphambili.
1. Ukusika: Ugqirha wenza ukusika okude esifubeni okanye esiswini ukuze afikelele kwi-aneurysm.
2. Ukubopha: Izixhobo ezikhethekileyo zivala okwethutyana imithambo yegazi engaphezulu nangaphantsi kwe-aneurysm. Ngeli xesha, umatshini wentliziyo nemiphunga unokusetyenziswa ukupompa igazi kwamanye amalungu omzimba.
3. Ukufakwa kwe-graft: Inxalenye evuvukileyo neyonakeleyo iyasuswa ize ithatyathelwe indawo yityhubhu yokwenziwa, ebizwa ngokuba yi-"graft", egotywayo ize ilungiswe.
4. Ukuvalwa: Ekugqibeleni, isilonda sivalwa ngezititshi okanye izitapile.
Kwenzeka ntoni emva kotyando?
Emva kotyando, uza kudluliselwa kwigumbi lokhathalelo olunzulu (ICU). Apho kuya kufuneka uhlale phantsi kweliso likagqirha iintsuku ezimbalwa. Ixesha elipheleleyo lokuhlala esibhedlele linokuba phakathi kweentsuku ezi-3 ukuya kwezili-10. Esibhedlele, uza:
- Kufakwa i-catheter yomchamo.
- Ityhubhu ifakwa ngempumlo.
- Ii-anti-coagulants zinikwa ukuthintela ukujiya kwegazi.
- Basenokucebisa ukuba unxibe iikawusi ezikhethekileyo ukuthintela ukuqhekeka kwegazi emilenzeni.
- Kunikwa amayeza okubulala iintlungu.
Kufuneka uqale ukuhamba kancinci uze ufumane amandla akho kwakhona. Kodwa khumbula, olu lutyando olukhulu. Ngoko ke kufuneka unike umzimba wakho ixesha lokuphola. Lungiselela umntu oza kukuyisa ekhaya. Awunakuqhuba de ugqirha wakho akunike imvume.
Ixesha lokuchacha kunye nezinto ekufuneka uzazi
Ngokwesiqhelo kuthatha iiveki ezi-4-6 ukuze umntu aphile ngokupheleleyo, nangona kwabanye kungathatha iinyanga ezi-2-3.
Imiqathango ekufuneka ilandelwe ngexesha lokuchacha
- Musa ukuqhuba imoto ude ugqirha wakho akuxelele ukuba wenze njalo.
- Musa ukuhlamba ebhafini enamanzi de inxeba liphole. Ungahlamba.
- Musa ukuphakamisa ubunzima obungaphezulu kwe-4.5 kg (10 lbs).
- Musa ukuzilolonga kakhulu de uphelelwe ngumphefumlo.
Ukunyamekela inxeba elisikiweyo
Xa ukhohlela okanye uthimla, beka umqamelo phezu kwenxeba uze ulicinezele phantsi. Oku kuya kunciphisa iintlungu kwaye kukhusele inxeba. Gcina inxeba licocekile njengoko ugqirha wakho ekuxelela.
Ixesha lokubona ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko
Nika ingqalelo emzimbeni wakho ngexesha lokuchacha kwakho. Ukuba ufumana naziphi na iimpawu ezilandelayo, fowunela ugqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza.
| Iingxaki zokusikwa kwamanxeba | |
|---|---|
| Ubomvu, iintlungu, ukudumba, okanye ubushushu obujikeleze inxeba. | Igazi okanye ulwelo olucacileyo oluphuma enxebeni. |
| Ukukhupha ubofu obumthubi okanye obuluhlaza. | Imiphetho yenxeba iyahlukana. |
| Ezinye iingxaki ezinzulu | |
| Intlungu ebuhlungu okanye engapheliyo yomqolo okanye isisu. | Ukudumba kwemilenze okanye ukungakwazi ukuhambisa imilenze. |
| Intlungu esifubeni okanye ukuphefumla kancinci nokuba uphumle. | Ukudinwa, ukuquleka, okanye ukudinwa kakhulu. |
| Ukuphuma kwegazi okune-mucus, okanye i-mucus etyheli/eluhlaza. | Ukuziva ubanda okanye umkhuhlane. |
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Utyando lwe-Aneurysm lutyando olubaluleke kakhulu nolusindisa ubomi. Kubalulekile ukuluqonda ngokuchanekileyo, ngaphandle kokuloyika.
- Musa ukuzityeshela iimpawu ezifana nentlungu ebukhali yesifuba/umqolo, ukuquleka, njl. Yiya kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) lesibhedlele ngoko nangoko.
- Ukuba utyando olucetywayo lucwangcisiweyo, landela imiyalelo kagqirha ngononophelo ngaphambi nasemva kotyando. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuphepha ukutshaya.
- Kuthatha ixesha ukuchacha. Ngeli xesha, yiba nomonde, uphumle, kwaye ucele inkxaso kusapho nakubahlobo.
- Ukugcina indlela yokuphila esempilweni emva kotyando, kuquka ukutya okunempilo, ukuzilolonga, kunye nokulawula ezinye izifo, kubalulekile ukuze umntu aphile ixesha elide.
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