Ngaba wakha weva ngo "gqirha wemithambo yegazi"? Mhlawumbi ugqirha ucebise omnye wamalungu osapho lwakho okanye abahlobo ukuba baye kubona omnye. Xa sisiva igama elithi "gqirha," siye soyike kancinci, akunjalo? "Owu, kuya kufuneka ndityandwe?" Sicinga. Kodwa ugqirha wemithambo yegazi akangomntu nje owenza utyando. Ngoko ke namhlanje, masithethe ngokuba ngubani lo gqirha wemithambo yegazi kunye neenkonzo onokuzifumana kuye.
Ngamafutshane, ngubani lo gqirha wemithambo yegazi?
Ugqirha wemithambo yegazi yingcali exilonga kwaye inyange iingxaki ezinxulumene nemithambo yegazi emzimbeni wethu. Kodwa kukho into ekhethekileyo apha. Oko kukuthi, aba gqirha banolwazi olukhethekileyo malunga nemithambo yegazi kuzo zonke iindawo zomzimba ngaphandle kwemithambo yegazi entliziyweni nasengqondweni .
Khawuthelekelele ukuba imizimba yethu ifana nenethiwekhi yeendlela ezincinci. Igazi elithwala ioksijini kunye nezondlo ezifunekayo emizimbeni yethu lihamba kwezi ndlela. Ezi ndlela zizinto esizibiza ngokuba yimithambo yegazi. Ngokuchanekileyo, ziquka imithambo yegazi, imithambo yegazi, kunye nemithambo yegazi. Ubusazi na ukuba kukho phantse iikhilomitha ezili-100,000 zale mithambo yegazi emizimbeni yethu?
Ngoko ke, uGqirha weeMithamo ngumntu oqonda nzulu nayiphi na ingxaki enokuvela naphi na kule nkqubo inkulu. Unolwazi oluhle ngendlela esebenza ngayo imithambo yegazi, izifo ezinokubakho kuyo, ukuvaleka, ukuqhekeka kwegazi, kunye nokudumba.
Ngamanye amaxesha ezi ngcali zibizwa ngokuba "ziingcali zotyando." Oku kungenxa yokuba ukuba ingxaki yemithambo yegazi, njengokuphuma kwegazi ngokungalindelekanga, iyenzeka ngexesha lotyando olunye, ugqirha wemithambo yegazi nguye oza kufuna uncedo kunye neengcebiso.
Zeziphi iinkonzo ozifumanayo kugqirha wemithambo yegazi?
Nangona besithi "ngugqirha wotyando," aba gqirha abenzi nje utyando kuphela. Bakunceda ngeendlela ezininzi.
- Uxilongo: Ngokusekelwe kwiimpawu zakho, sinokufumanisa ukuba loluphi uhlobo lwengxaki yemithambo yegazi onayo.
- Ukucwangciswa konyango: Nje ukuba uxilongo lufunyenwe, kuya kwenziwa isicwangciso sonyango esikufaneleyo. Oku akufuneki kuhlale kubandakanya utyando. Kungabandakanya amayeza, utshintsho kwindlela yokutya, kunye nokuzilolonga .
- Utyando kunye nolunye unyango: Ukuba kuyimfuneko, kwenziwa utyando. Kukho iintlobo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo. Ezinye ziindlela ezincinci zonyango ezenziwa kancinci kakhulu, ngaphandle kokusikwa. Ezinye ziyinkimbinkimbi ngakumbi, zivuliwe.
- Ukhathalelo lwexesha elide:Izifo zemithambo-luvo zihlala zizinto ezifuna ukulawulwa ixesha elide. Ngoko ke uGqirha weeMithambo ngumntu owakha ubudlelwane obuhlala ixesha elide nawe, ohlala ejonga imeko yakho, kwaye enika iingcebiso ezifunekayo. Kufana nogqirha wosapho lwakho, ingcali enobuhlobo egcina iliso kwimpilo yakho.
Iimeko eziqhelekileyo ezinyangwa nguGqirha weeMithambo
Kukho iimeko ezininzi zonyango ezinyangwa zezi ngcali. Masiqonde nje ezinye zazo kwitheyibhile engasezantsi.
| Imeko | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|
| Ii-Aneurysms ze-Aortic | Udonga lomthambo oyintloko womzimba (i-aorta) luba buthathaka luze luvuthuluke njengebhaluni. Oku kungaqhuma. |
| I-atherosclerosis | I-cholesterol nezinye izinto ziyaqokelelana ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi (i-plaque), zivale imithambo yegazi. Le yimbangela yeengxaki ezininzi. |
| I-Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) | Amahlwili egazi, ingakumbi kwimithambo enzulu yemilenze, anokuba yingozi ukuba ayaphuma aze aye emiphungeni. |
| Isifo seCarotid Artery | Ukuvaleka komthambo oyintloko othwala igazi ukusuka kumacala omabini entamo ukuya ebuchotsheni. Oku kunokubangela isifo sohlangothi. |
| Isifo seMitha yoMthambo oPheleleyo (i-PAD) | Ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi ethwala igazi ukuya emilenzeni. Enye yeempawu eziphambili ziintlungu emilenzeni xa uhamba. |
| Imithambo yeVaricose | Imeko apho imithambo emilenzeni idumba ize ibonakale iluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okanye imfusa ngaphezulu kolusu. |
| Ukufikelela kwiDialysis | Ukubonelela ngoqhagamshelwano olukhethekileyo lwemithambo yegazi ngotyando ukuze kucocwe igazi (i-dialysis) kwizigulana ezinengxaki yezintso. |
| Izilonda zeenyawo ezinxulumene nesifo seswekile | Isifo seswekile sibangela ukuncipha kokuhamba kwegazi emilenzeni, nto leyo ekhokelela ekubeni amanxeba angapholi. |
Zeziphi iimvavanyo ezisetyenziswayo ukufumanisa isifo?
Ukuze afumanise ukuba yeyiphi ingxaki onayo, ugqirha wotyando lwemithambo yegazi usebenzisa iimvavanyo ezahlukeneyo. Usenokuba ukhe weva ngezinye zezi.
| Uvavanyo | Wenza ntoni ngale nto? |
|---|---|
| I-Vascular Ultrasound | Siyazi iskeni (i-ultrasound). Oku kungasetyenziselwa ukubona indlela igazi elihamba ngayo ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi, kunye nokuba kukho na ukuvaleka okanye ukuqhekeka kwegazi. |
| Isalathisi se-Ankle-Brachial (ABI) | Uxinzelelo lwegazi olungalweni nasemaqatheni luyalinganiswa kwaye luthelekiswa. Olu luvavanyo olulula lokujonga ukuba akukho gazi lihambayo na emilenzeni yakho. |
| I-CT Angiogram | I-CT scan yenziwa ngokufaka idayi ekhethekileyo emthanjeni. Oku kuvumela ukuba kufumaneke imifanekiso yemithambo yegazi enamacala amathathu (3D). |
| I-Magnetic Resonance Angiogram (MRA) | Oku kufana ne-CT Angiogram, kodwa kusebenzisa i-magnetic field. Kunokuvelisa imifanekiso ecacileyo kune-CT. |
Utyando kunye nonyango olwenziwa nguGqirha weeMithambo
Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, kukho iindlela ezininzi zonyango. Ugqirha ukhetha enye ngokweemfuno zakhe.
Iinkqubo Ezingenamdla Kancinci
Ezi nkqubo azibandakanyi ukusikwa okukhulu. Uninzi lweenkqubo zenziwa ngeetyhubhu ezincinci (ii-catheters) ezifakwa njengenaliti.
- I-Angioplasty kunye ne-Stent: Isixhobo esincinci esifana nebhaluni sifakwa kwimithambo yegazi evalekileyo size sivuthelwe umoya ukuze sandise imithambo yegazi. Ngamanye amaxesha isixhobo esincinci esifana ne-mesh (stent) sifakwa ngaphakathi kwimithambo yegazi ukuze singavaleki kwakhona.
- Ukususwa kwe-atherectomy: Umaleko we-cholesterol ovalekileyo (i-plaque) uyakhuhlwa ngesixhobo esincinci.
- Unyango lweThrombolytic: Iyeza elinokunyibilikisa ihlwili legazi lifakwa ngqo kwindawo yehlwili.
Utyando Oluvulekileyo
Kwezinye iimeko, ingakumbi kwiingxaki ezinkulu, utyando oluvulekileyo lunokufuneka.
- Utyando Lokudlula Kwimithambo: Indlela entsha yokuba igazi lihambe ngemithambo evalekileyo idalwe ngokuyidlula. Oku kuquka ukusebenzisa iqhekeza lomthambo elithathwe kwenye inxalenye yomzimba okanye umthambo owenziweyo.
- Utyando lwe-Endarterectomy: Umthambo uvulwa ngqo, i-cholesterol plaque engaphakathi isuswa ngesandla, kwaye umthambo uthungwa kunye. Oku kudla ngokwenziwa kumthambo we-carotid entanyeni.
- Ukulungiswa kwe-Aneurysm: Inxalenye evuvukileyo ye-artery iyasuswa ize ithatyathelwe indawo yi-artificial artery (graft).
Kutheni uthunyelwa kwi-Vascular Surgeon?
Ukuba umboneleli wakho oyintloko, emva kokuphonononga iimpawu zakho, ucinga ukuba le yingxaki ekufuneka ibonwe yingcali yemithambo yegazi, uza kukuthumela kugqirha wemithambo yegazi.
Khumbula, ukuthunyelwa kwi-Vascular Surgeon akuthethi ukuba uza kwenziwa utyando, kodwa kuthetha ukuba udinga uluvo lweengcali kunye nonyango lwemeko yakho.
Okokuqala, ugqirha uza kuthetha nawe kakuhle, akubuze ngezinto ezikuxhalabisayo nezoyikisayo, aze emva koko enze uvavanyo olufunekayo aze axoxe ngonyango olulungele wena. Ngoko ke, ungoyiki ukuthetha nogqirha wakho ngayo nayiphi na imibuzo okanye izinto ezikuxhalabisayo onokuba nazo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ugqirha wemithambo yegazi yingcali enyanga izifo ezinxulumene nayo yonke imithambo yegazi (imithambo yegazi, imithambo yegazi) emzimbeni, ngaphandle kwezo zentliziyo nengqondo.
- Musa ukoyika igama elithi "ugqirha." Benza izinto ezininzi ukongeza kutyando, ezinje ngamayeza, utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila, kunye nonyango olungenazo iindlela ezininzi.
- Ukuba ufumana isalathiso kwi-Vascular Surgeon, oko kuthetha ukuba udinga unyango olukhethekileyo, kungekhona utyando oluyimfuneko.
- Ngenxa yokuba izifo ezininzi zemithambo yegazi zihlala ixesha elide, uGqirha wakho weMithambo uya kuba liqabane lakho lexesha elide kuhambo lwakho lwempilo.
- Ungaze unqikaze ukubuza ugqirha wakho imibuzo. Kubalulekile ukujongana nazo zonke iingxaki onazo malunga nemeko yakho kunye neendlela zonyango.
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