Ngaba ugqirha ukuxelele ukuba une-high blood pressure (hypertension)? Emva koko unikwe ipilisi enye okanye ezimbini oza kuzithatha yonke imihla. Enyanisweni, abantu abaninzi kwilizwe lethu banale meko. Kodwa bangaphi abantu abaziyo ngokwenene ngamayeza abawasebenzisayo? Ngamanye amaxesha sicinga nje, "Owu, eli liyeza loxinzelelo lwegazi." Kodwa kukho izinto ezininzi ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe, njengokuthi eli yeza lenza ntoni emzimbeni, kutheni umntu ngamnye enikwa uhlobo olwahlukileyo lwamayeza, kunye nokuba kukho naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Ngoko ke namhlanje, masithethe ngazo zonke ezi zinto ngesiSinhala esilula onokusiqonda, ngokungathi sithetha nomhlobo.
Ngamafutshane, lithini iyeza elinikwa olu xinzelelo?
Amayeza okulwa noxinzelelo lwegazi, okanye ngokwezonyango, "amayeza okulwa noxinzelelo lwegazi," ngamayeza anceda ekunciphiseni uxinzelelo lwegazi lwakho aze alugcine lukwinqanaba eliqhelekileyo. La mayeza asebenza ngendlela efanayo.
Khawuthelekelele ukuba unepayipi ethwala amanzi egadini yakho. Ukuba loo pipe iyavaleka okanye ukuba ipayipi iba buthathaka, kufuneka usebenzise uxinzelelo olukhulu ukuze amanzi ahambe, akunjalo? Imithambo yethu yegazi injalo. Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu luthetha ukuba kukho uxinzelelo olukhulu xa igazi lihamba ngemithambo yegazi. Okwenziwa ngala mayeza kukunciphisa olo xinzelelo.
Ungayenza njani loo nto?
- Amanye amayeza ayandisa imithambo yegazi yakho kancinci, ukuze igazi likwazi ukuhamba lula ngaphandle kokunamathela. Kufana nokutshintsha ityhubhu encinci ngenkulu.
- Amanye amayeza abangela ukuba umzimba ukhuphe amanzi agqithisileyo kunye netyuwa ngomchamo, nto leyo enciphisa umthamo wegazi kwaye yehlise uxinzelelo lwegazi.
- Amanye amayeza asebenza ngokuthintela iihomoni eziveliswa ngokwemvelo emzimbeni kwaye zonyusa uxinzelelo lwegazi.
Eli yeza lidla ngokunikezelwa njengepilisi oyiginyayo yonke imihla. Nangona kunjalo, kwezinye iimeko ezingxamisekileyo, linokunikwa njengenaliti ye-intravenous (IV) emthanjeni osengalweni yakho ngelixa usesibhedlele.
Kutheni kufuneka uthathe amayeza oxinzelelo lwegazi?
Lo ngumbuzo obaluleke kakhulu. Abanye abantu bacinga ukuba, "Andinangxaki, kutheni ke ndithatha amayeza?" Kodwa uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu lufana "nombulali othuleyo." Uninzi lwexesha, alubonisi zimpawu zibalulekileyo. Kodwa ngaphakathi, lonakalisa intliziyo yakho, izintso, ingqondo kunye namehlo.
Xa uxinzelelo lusanda, intliziyo yakho kufuneka isebenze nzima ukupompa igazi. Kufana nepompo yamanzi esebenza phezulu entabeni. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, le ntliziyo inokudinwa kwaye ibe buthathaka.
Ngoko ke, injongo ephambili yokuthatha amayeza oxinzelelo lwegazi kunye nokulawula uxinzelelo lwegazi yile:
- Ukukhusela intliziyo yakho.
- Ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo.
- Ukunciphisa umngcipheko we-stroke.
- Ukuthintela ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwezintso.
Ngamafutshane, le pilisi iza kukunceda ukhusele ubomi bakho ubomi bakho bonke.
Ngaba wonke umntu unikwa iyeza elifanayo? Ugqirha ulikhetha njani iyeza?
Akunjalo konke konke. Amayeza afanayo oxinzelelo lwegazi asetyenziswa ngumhlobo wakho asenokungasebenzi kuwe. Ugqirha uqwalasela izinto ezininzi xa ekunika amayeza.
- Ubudala bakho, isini sakho
- Uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi luphezulu kangakanani
- Nokuba unezinye izifo ezifana nesifo seswekile, i-cholesterol, isifo sentliziyo, okanye isifo sezintso
- Indlela umzimba wakho osabela ngayo kumayeza athile
Ngamanye amaxesha, uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi lusenokungalawulwa ngonyango olunye kuphela. Ugqirha wakho angagqiba ekubeni akunike amayeza amabini okanye amathathu kunye . Kwakhona, ukuba uneziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezivela kunyango oluthile okanye ukuba uvavanyo lwakho lwegazi lubonisa utshintsho, kunokufuneka uyeke ukusebenzisa elo yeza uze uqale ukusebenzisa elinye iyeza.
Ngoko ke, ungaze uthathe amayeza asetyenziswa ngummelwane wakho, ucinge ukuba, "Nam ndingalinceda." Ngugqirha okuxilongayo kuphela onokugqiba ukuba leliphi iyeza elilungele wena.
Amayeza oxinzelelo lwegazi asetyenziswa rhoqo kunye nemiphumo yawo
Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zamayeza oxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu. Makhe sijonge ngokukhawuleza ezinye zezona ziphambili. Kukho ithuba elihle lokuba amayeza owasebenzisayo lelinye lawo.
| Igama leklasi yeziyobisi | Indlela esebenza ngayo (ngamagama alula) | Ezinye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokubakho |
|---|---|---|
| Iziyobisi zomchamo (Ikwabizwa ngokuba "ziipilisi zamanzi") | Isusa ityuwa namanzi angafunekiyo emzimbeni ngomchamo, inciphisa uxinzelelo kwimithambo yegazi. | Ukuchama rhoqo, isiyezi, amanqanaba aphantsi/aphezulu e-potassium/magnesium emzimbeni. |
| Izithinteli ze-ACE | Iyathintela umzimba ekuveliseni ikhemikhali (i-angiotensin II) enciphisa imithambo yegazi. | Ukukhwehlela okomileyo, isiyezi, amanqanaba aphezulu e-potassium egazini, ukudumba kobuso nentamo rhoqo (i-Angioedema). |
| Ii-ARB (ii-Angiotensin II receptor blockers) | Ithintela amandla ekhemikhali ekhankanyiweyo apha ngasentla okwandisa imithambo yegazi. | Ukudinwa, ukunyuka kwamanqanaba e-potassium egazini (ukukhwehlela okuncinci kune-ACE inhibitors). |
| Izithinteli zemijelo yecalcium | Ithintela i-calcium ukuba ingangeni kwimithambo yegazi kwaye ikhulula izihlunu ezikwiindonga zemithambo yegazi. | Intloko ebuhlungu, isiyezi, ukudumba kwamaqatha nemilenze, ukwehla/ukunyuka kwesantya sentliziyo. |
| Ii-Beta-blockers | Iyanciphisa isantya namandla okubetha kwentliziyo, ngoko ke intliziyo ipompa igazi ngoxinzelelo oluphantsi. | Ukuziva udiniwe kakhulu, intliziyo yakho ibetha kancinci, unesiyezi, ubanda izandla neenyawo. |
Ngaba ufanele woyike iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga?
Usenokoyika kancinci xa ubona iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kule theyibhile. Kodwa eneneni, ayinguye wonke umntu ofumana zonke ezi ziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Uninzi lwabantu lungasebenzisa eli yeza ngaphandle kweengxaki.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuxelela ugqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza ukuba ubona into engaqhelekanga okanye uneempawu ezintsha. Uyakwazi ukubona ukuba kungenxa yeyeza okanye enye into, kwaye ukuba kuyimfuneko, atshintshe umthamo okanye anike elinye iyeza.
Kutheni uxinzelelo lwam lwegazi lungehli nangona ndisela amayeza?
Le yingxaki enabantu abaninzi. Abanye abantu bathi, "Ndithatha amayeza am ngexesha yonke imihla, kodwa xa ndijonga umatshini, uxinzelelo lwam lwegazi lusephezulu." Kunokubakho izizathu ezahlukeneyo zoku.
- Umlinganiselo onganeleyo wamayeza: Mhlawumbi umthamo wamayeza owanikiweyo awanelanga.
- Ukungahambelani kwamayeza: Ungadinga amayeza angaphezu kwelinye, iintlobo ezimbini okanye ezintathu.
- Iimpazamo zendlela yokuphila: Ukusela amayeza kuphela akwanelanga. Ukuba utya ityuwa eninzi , usela utywala , okanye awuzilolongi , kunokuba nzima ukulawula uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi.
- Amanye amayeza: Amanye amayeza okudambisa iintlungu kunye namayeza emifuno owasebenzisayo kwezinye iimeko anokuphazamisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwamayeza oxinzelelo lwegazi.
- Ukungawathathi amayeza ngendlela efanelekileyo: Ukuba uyalibala ukuwathatha amayeza akho ngeentsuku ezithile, uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi lunokutshintshatshintsha.
- Ezinye iimeko zempilo ezisisiseko: Amaxesha amaninzi, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu lunokubangelwa yenye imeko yezonyango (umz. isifo sezintso, iingxaki zehomoni). Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-"secondary hypertension". Ukuba uxinzelelo lwegazi lwakho alulawulwa nangona kukho amayeza amaninzi, ugqirha wakho uza kujonga oku.
Ukuba nawe unayo le ngxaki, nceda uthethe nogqirha wakho ngayo. Yena uya kukwazi ukufumanisa unobangela aze akwenzele isicwangciso sonyango.
Udinga nini ukubona ugqirha?
Njengomntu osela amayeza oxinzelelo lwegazi, kubalulekile ukuba undwendwele ugqirha wakho rhoqo ukuze uhlolwe. Ukongeza, funa ingcebiso kagqirha kwezi meko zilandelayo:
- Ukuba ufumana iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinzima ukuzinyamezela (ezifana neentloko ezibuhlungu, isiyezi esinzima, ukudumba kwemilenze).
- Ukuba, xa ulinganisa uxinzelelo lwegazi ekhaya, ukufundwa kwalo kuhlala kuphezulu kakhulu (umz., ngaphezu kwe-180/110 mmHg).
- Ukuba umlinganiselo woxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi uphantsi kakhulu (umz., ngaphantsi kwe-90/60 mmHg) kwaye uziva unesiyezi okanye utyhafile xa usukuma.
- Ukuba uceba ukukhulelwa okanye ufumanisa ukuba ukhulelwe , ugqirha wakho uza kukunika amayeza akhuselekileyo kuwe, kuba amanye amayeza oxinzelelo lwegazi awafanelekanga ngexesha lokukhulelwa.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu luyimbangela ephambili yokuhlaselwa yintliziyo, isifo sohlangothi, kunye nesifo sezintso, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuthatha amayeza nokuwalawula.
- Soloko usela amayeza owalelwe ngugqirha ngexesha elifanelekileyo nangedosi efanelekileyo . Ungaphoswa lusuku olunye.
- Nokuba uzive ungcono, ungaze uyeke ukuthatha amayeza akho okanye utshintshe umthamo ngaphandle kokubuza ugqirha wakho.
- Ngelixa usela amayeza, landela ukutya okunempilo, okungenatyuwa ingako kwaye uzilolonge rhoqo . Zombini ezi zinto ziya kukunceda ukulawula uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi.
- Ukuba unemibuzo, iinkxalabo, okanye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga malunga namayeza akho, ungoyiki ukuthetha nogqirha wakho ngayo.
- Xa usela amayeza esifo esithile, ungalibali ukuxelela ugqirha ukuba usela amayeza oxinzelelo lwegazi.
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