Awunayo ilensi ngaphakathi kweliso lakho? Masithethe nge-Aphakia!

Ngaba wakha waba nombono ofipheleyo, njengelensi yekhamera ephuma intambo? Ngamanye amaxesha asikwazi ukubona izinto ngokucacileyo, nokuba zikufutshane okanye zikude. Icala elibi kakhulu lale ngxaki yimeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-aphakia. Ngamafutshane, oku kwenzeka xa ilensi engaphakathi kweliso lakho iphelile ngokupheleleyo. Ngoko ke namhlanje, masithethe ngale nto ngokweenkcukacha ezithe vetshe .

Yintoni kanye kanye i-Aphakia?

Kulungile, masiqale sijonge ukuba lithetha ukuthini igama elithi `Aphakia`. Eyona ntsingiselo ilula yoku kukungabikho kwelensi yendalo ngaphakathi kweliso lakho. Uyazi, ngaphakathi kweliso lethu, kukho loo ndawo inemibala, eyi-`Iris`, kunye nebala elimnyama embindini, eyi-`Pupil`, kwaye ngasemva kwayo kukho le lensi. Le lensi isebenza njengelensi yekhamera. Umsebenzi ophambili wale lensi kukuqokelela imisebe yokukhanya evela ngaphandle, ukuyijolisa, kwaye uyithumele njengomfanekiso ocacileyo kwi-`Retina` ngasemva kweliso. Khawucinge nje, bekuya kwenzeka ntoni ukuba le lensi ibingalahleka? Kulapho yonke into iqala ukubonakala ingacacanga kwaye ingacacanga.

Ukuba le meko ye-aphakia ikwiliso elinye kuphela, siyibiza ngokuba yi-unilateral aphakia okanye yi-monocular aphakia. Ngaphandle koko, ukuba omabini amehlo awanazo iilensi, ibizwa ngokuba yi-bilateral aphakia.

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwe-Aphakia kunye ne-Pseudophakia?

Ngoku ungaliva elinye igama, eliyi-pseudophakia. Musa ukubhidanisa la magama mabini.

• I-Aphakia kukungabikho kwelensi yendalo esweni.
• I-Pseudophakia kukufakelwa kwelensi yokwenziwa (Intraocular Lens - IOL) esweni. Ngokuqhelekileyo, kuvela ii-cataracts, kwaye ilensi ye-cataractous isuswa ngotyando kwaye ithathelwe indawo yile lensi yokwenziwa.

Ngamafutshane, i-aphakia ithetha ukuba akukho lens konke konke. I-Pseudophakia ithetha ukuba kukho enye efana nayo, oko kukuthi, eyenziweyo, endaweni yeyokuqala. Uyifumene?

Ngubani onokuhlakulela i-aphakia?

Le meko inokwenzeka nakubani na. Nangona kunjalo, ixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abenza utyando lwe-cataract, njengoko benditshilo ngaphambili. Oku kungenxa yokuba ilensi yendalo iyasuswa ngexesha lotyando. Ngokwesiqhelo, iyasuswa kwaye kufakwa ilensi yokwenziwa (IOL). Nangona kunjalo, kwezinye iimeko, ingakumbi xa besenza utyando kwiintsana okanye abantwana abancinci, oogqirha banokugqiba ekubeni bangayifaki ilensi yokwenziwa ngoko nangoko.

Zithini iimpawu ze-aphakia?

Kulungile, ngoku makhe sibone ukuba zeziphi iimpawu onokuzibona wena okanye umntu omaziyo ukuba une-aphakia. Usenokuba nenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi:

• Umbono ofipheleyo:Olu lolona phawu luphambili. Yonke into ayicacanga, njengenkungu.
• Ubunzima bokubona izinto ezikufutshane nezikude: Ngenxa yokuba ilensi ayikho, ukukhanya okungena elisweni akunakujoliswa kakuhle. Ngenxa yoko, ukubona okukufutshane nokukude kuyafiphala.
• Ukungaboni imibala: Imibala ibonakala ingabonakali kwaye ayinazo ukukhanya okwakunjalo ngaphambili. Kodwa musa ukubhidanisa oku nokungaboni imibala. Yimeko eyahlukileyo leyo.
• Ukuphaphazela kwe-iris: Oku kwaziwa ngokwezonyango njenge-"Iridodonesis." Xa uhambisa iliso lakho, inxalenye enemibala engaphakathi, i-iris, inokubonakala ngathi iyashukuma okanye iyathuthumela. Oku kungenxa yokuba i-iris, edla ngokuxhaswa yilensi, ilahlekelwa ngamandla ayo okugxila.
• Ubunzima bokuziqhelanisa nomgama: Xa ngequbuliso ujonga phezulu uze ujonge ezantsi, okanye ujonge ezantsi uze ujonge phezulu, amehlo aba nobunzima bokuziqhelanisa naloo mgama.

Kutheni le nto isenzeka le aphakia? Zithini izizathu?

Kukho izizathu ezininzi eziphambili ze-aphakia. Masizijonge nganye nganye.

1. Ngenxa yotyando

Njengoko benditshilo ngaphambili, utyando lwe-cataract yeyona nto ibangela oku. Ngexesha lotyando, ilensi yendalo enamafu iyasuswa. Kwiimeko ezininzi, ilensi yokwenziwa (Intraocular Lens - IOL) ifakwa elisweni endaweni yoko. Nangona kunjalo, kwezinye iimeko ezikhethekileyo, umzekelo, xa besenza utyando kwiintsana ezincinci kakhulu, oogqirha banokugqiba ekubeni bangayifaki ilensi yokwenziwa ngoko nangoko. Kwimeko enjalo, iliso liba buthathaka.

2. Ngenxa yeemeko zempilo zokuzalwa

Oku kuthetha ukuba umntwana uzalwa engenalo ilensi. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-`(Congenital aphakia)`. Le yimeko engaqhelekanga. Ngamanye amaxesha inokuhamba nezinye iziphene zokuzalwa kweliso. Ukuba umama ufumana usulelo olufana ne-rubella ngexesha lokukhulelwa, umntwana unokuba nezi meko.

Kukho iintlobo ezimbini ze-"Congenital aphakia":

• Uhlobo oluphambili: Kule meko, ilensi ayiphuhli konke konke ngexesha lesigaba sokuzalwa.
• Uhlobo lwesibini: Kule meko, ilensi iqala ukuphuhliswa, kodwa ayiphuhli ngokupheleleyo. Kusenokubakho iziqwenga zelensi eziseleyo, kodwa ilensi esebenzayo epheleleyo iyalahleka.

3. Ngenxa yokwenzakala kwamehlo

Ingozi enkulu elisweni "(ukulimala kweliso)" okanye ukwenzakala kunokonakalisa ilensi engaphakathi kweliso, okubangela ukuba ihlukane okanye ifuneke isuswe. Ukulahleka kweliso ngenxa yengozi efana nale kubizwa ngokuba yi-"Traumatic aphakia". Khawuthelekelele, ukuba into ebukhali ibetha iliso, okanye ukuba ibhola ibetha iliso kakhulu, njengakwimidlalo, izinto ezinje zinokwenzeka.

Uyazi njani ukuba une-aphakia?

Eyona ndlela yokwazi ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba une-aphakia kukuhlolwa amehlo ngokupheleleyo ngugqirha wamehlo. Ngexesha lovavanyo, ugqirha usebenzisa isixhobo esikhethekileyo esibizwa ngokuba yi-slit lamp. Sifana nesibane esikhulu kunye ne-microscope zidityanisiwe. Sinokukuxelela ngqo ukuba unelensi esweni lakho okanye akunjalo.

Ngamanye amaxesha, ii-ultrasound zangaphambi kokukhulelwa zinokubona i-congenital aphakia kumntwana.

Ziziphi iindlela zonyango lwe-aphakia?

Iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba i-aphakia yimeko enokunyangeka. Kukho iindlela ezintathu eziphambili zonyango:

1. Utyando:

Olu lolona nyango lusetyenziswa kakhulu. Apha, ilensi yokwenziwa, ebizwa ngokuba yi-Intraocular Lens (IOL), ifakwa ngotyando esweni ukuze ithathe indawo yelensi yakho yendalo elahlekileyo. Olu lunyango oluphumeleleyo.

2. Iilensi zoqhagamshelwano:

Kwabanye abantu, ingakumbi abantwana abancinci okanye abo bangenako utyando, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa uhlobo oluthile lwelensi yokunxibelelana ebizwa ngokuba yi-aphakic contact lens. Ezi azifani neelensi zokunxibelelana eziqhelekileyo, kodwa zinamandla kakhulu. Ezinye iintlobo ezisetyenziselwa abantwana abancinci zinokunxitywa iintsuku ezininzi ngexesha, kodwa ezinye kufuneka zitshintshwe yonke imihla.

3. Iiglasi:

Ukuba une-aphakia emacala omabini, oko kuthetha ukuba awunazo iilensi emehlweni omabini, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa iiglasi. Nangona kunjalo, kukho iingxaki ezimbalwa ezinokubakho ngeeglasi kwesi sifo:

• Iglasi kwezo zipili ityebile kakhulu, nto leyo enokuzenza zibe nzima.
• Ngenxa yamandla eglasi, izinto ezifana nemigca ethe tye zinokubonakala ngathi zigobile ngaphakathi. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-"Pincushion effect".
• Ubunzulu bokubona bunokuphazamiseka. Kunokuba nzima ukwahlula umgama, njengaxa usehla ngezinyuko.
• Abanye basenokuba neengxaki zobuhle .

Ngenxa yezizathu ezinje, oogqirha badla ngokucebisa iilensi zokunxibelelana.

Ziziphi iingxaki ezinokubakho kunye nemiphumo emibi yonyango?

Ezinye iingxaki zinokwenzeka ngexesha okanye xa unyango lwe-aphakia lusenziwa.

• Emva kotyando lwe-cataract nakubantwana abancinci abane-aphakia, uhlobo oluthile lwe-glaucoma, olubizwa ngokuba yi-aphakic glaucoma , lunokukhula, olubangelwa kukunyuka koxinzelelo ngaphakathi kweliso. Oku kungenzeka njenge-open-angle glaucoma okanye i-angle-closure glaucoma.
• Abantwana abancinci abaye benza utyando lwe-cataract, nokuba bane-lens yangaphakathi kweso (IOL) okanye ii-contact lenses ze-aphakic, kuya kufuneka banxibe ii-bifocals ukuthintela imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-amblyopia , okanye "iliso elivilaphayo."
• Njengoko abantwana bekhula, amehlo abo ayatshintsha ubukhulu bawo. Ngenxa yoko, naluphi na uhlobo lwelensi yokulungisa abayisebenzisayo (iiglasi okanye iilensi zoqhagamshelwano) kufuneka lulungiswe rhoqo. Oku kwenziwa ukuthintela imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-"Amblyopia."
• Xa une-aphakia, kukho umngcipheko wokuba neemeko ezinzulu ezifana nokukrazuka kwe-retinal kunye nokuqhekeka kwe-retinal .

Kubalulekile: Ukuba umntwana omncinci une-aphakia, kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imiyalelo kagqirha kwaye ahlolwe rhoqo ukuqinisekisa ukuba umbono wakhe ukhula ngokufanelekileyo. Ngaphandle koko, iingxaki zokubona ezingapheliyo ezifana ne-"Amblyopia" zinokwenzeka.

Ungayinciphisa njani ingozi ye-aphakia?

Inyaniso kukuba, akukho ndlela ithile yokuthintela ukuba i-aphakia ingenzeki, njengoko inokuba ngumphumo wotyando, isiphene sokuzalwa, okanye ingozi.

Nangona kunjalo, ungenza oku kulandelayo ukuze ugcine amehlo akho esempilweni :

• Yenza uhlolo lwamehlo rhoqo . Kungcono ukubona ugqirha wamehlo ubuncinane kanye ngonyaka ukuze ahlolwe amehlo akho.
• Nxiba iiglasi zokuzikhusela xa usebenza, ubaleka, utsiba, okanye udlala, okanye xa usenza imisebenzi enokuba yingozi emehlweni akho.
• Nxiba iiglasi zelanga ezilungileyo xa uphuma elangeni. Oku kunokunciphisa umonakalo emehlweni akho.
• Yitya ukutya okunempilo okuquka imifuno eluhlaza kunye neziqhamo.
• Ukuba uyatshaya, yeka. Ukutshaya kuyingozi kakhulu emehlweni.
• Hlala usebenza rhoqo.

Nangona ezi zinto zingenakukuthintela i-aphakia, zinokukunceda ukugcina impilo yamehlo akho iyonke.

Yintoni onokuyilindela ukuba une-aphakia?

I-Aphakia yimeko enokunyangwa. Emva konyango, usenokungabi namehlo acacileyo ngokupheleleyo njengomntu obonayo ngendlela eqhelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ngeelensi ezifanelekileyo (iiglasi, iilensi zoqhagamshelwano, okanye iilensi zangaphakathi kweso (ii-IOL)), unokuhlala ufumana umbono olungileyo .

Ukuba umntwana wakho une-aphakia, ugqirha wakho uza kuthetha nawe malunga nonyango olungcono kuye. Umzekelo, kusenokuba ngcono kwiintsana ezincinci kakhulu ukunxiba iilensi zoqhagamshelwano kunokuba kwenziwe utyando lwe-intraocular lens (IOL) ngaxeshanye.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?

Awunakwazi ukuqiniseka ukuba une-aphakia, ngugqirha kuphela onokukuxelela ngokuqinisekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, unokukwazi ukuziva iimpawu ezichaphazela umbono wakho.

• Ukuba awukwazi ukubona ngokucacileyo,
• Ukuba unamathandabuzo malunga nombono womntwana wakho,

Ngokuqinisekileyo bonana nogqirha, ingakumbi ingcali yamehlo.

Ukukhusela umbono wakho kubalulekile kuwe nakugqirha wakho. Nokuba une-aphakia ngenxa yengozi, utyando, okanye umntwana wakho wazalwa engenalensi, sebenzisana nogqirha wakho ukuze ufumane unyango olufanelekileyo. Ungaze uphoswe kuvavanyo lwakho lwamehlo rhoqo.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo esifuna ukuyithatha kweli bali (Umyalezo Wokubuyela Ekhaya)

Kulungile, ngoko ke ndiyathemba ukuba uyiqonda kakuhle le aphakia sithethe ngayo namhlanje. Nazi ezinye zezinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka uzikhumbule:

• I-Aphakia kukungabikho kwelensi yendalo ngaphakathi kweliso, okubangela ukubona okufipheleyo.
• Eyona nto ibangela oku lutyando lwe-cataract, iimeko zokuzalwa, kunye nokwenzakala kwamehlo.
• Ngethamsanqa, kukho unyango loku. Unyango oluphambili kukufakelwa kwelensi yangaphakathi (IOL), ukunxiba iilensi zoqhagamshelwano ezikhethekileyo (iilensi zoqhagamshelwano ze-aphakic), okanye ukunxiba iiglasi ezikhethekileyo.
• Ingakumbi kubantwana abancinci abane-aphakia, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqala unyango kwangethuba nokuba phantsi kweliso likagqirha rhoqo ukuze umbono wabo ukhule kakuhle. Ngaphandle koko, iimeko ezifana ne-"lazy eye" (i-Amblyopia) zinokukhula kwaye umbono unokuphazamiseka ngonaphakade.
• Ukuba ubona naluphi na utshintsho okanye ukufiphala embonweni wakho, bonana nogqirha wamehlo ngaphandle kokulibazisa.

Amehlo ethu sesinye sezipho ezixabisekileyo esinazo. Ngoko ke, luxanduva lwethu ukuwanyamekela.

I- Aphakia, ilensi yeliso, ukubona, iilensi zokwenziwa, utyando lwamehlo, iingxaki zokubona, impilo yamehlo