Njengomama okanye utata, siyazi ukuba ukhathazekile kangakanani ngomntwana wakho. Ngaba wakha waziva ukuba isantya sentliziyo yomntwana wakho sinyuka ngequbuliso, okanye uzive ngathi sibetha ngokukhawuleza kakhulu? Okanye uziva ngathi intliziyo yakho ibetha kube kanye, uze ume okomzuzwana uze uphinde ubethe kwakhona (ukubetha okutyibiliziweyo)? Kuqhelekile ukuziva usoyika xa ubona into efana nale. Kodwa ngaphambi kokuba soyike, masiqaphele oku. Ngokwezonyango, esi simo sibizwa ngokuba yi-Arrhythmia.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni le ngxaki yentliziyo ebangela ukubetha kwentliziyo?
I-Arrhythmia yinto elula kakhulu. Ithetha utshintsho kwisingqisho sentliziyo yethu. Ngokwesiqhelo, intliziyo yethu ibetha ngendlela efanayo, ngesingqisho esiqhelekileyo. Kufana nezandla zewotshi ezibetha ngesantya esifanayo. Okwenzekayo kwi-arrhythmia kukuba esi singqisho siphuma ngaphandle kwesizathu.
Kukho izinto ezininzi ezinokwenzeka apha:
- Intliziyo inokubetha ngokukhawuleza kakhulu .
- Intliziyo inokubetha kancinci kakhulu .
- Kunokwenzeka ukuba kubekho isingqi esityiweyo.
- Kusenokubakho ukubetha kwentliziyo okongezelelweyo .
Le meko inokuchaphazela abantu abadala nabantwana abancinci. Uninzi lwexesha, ayibalulekanga kangako kwaye ayifuni unyango. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuqaphela oku, njengoko iimeko ezinqabileyo kakhulu zinokuba nzima kakhulu.
Ngoko ke intliziyo yethu ibetha njani kanye kanye?
Ukuze sikuqonde oku, kufuneka sazi kancinci ngenkqubo yombane emangalisayo ezintliziyweni zethu. Cinga ngayo njengenkqubo yokukhanyisa ekhayeni lakho. Njengoko isibane sikhanya xa uvula iswitshi, iintliziyo zethu ziyabetha xa zifumana imiqondiso yombane.
Le nkqubo ihamba ngolu hlobo:
1. Isibonakaliso sokuqala: Ukubetha kwentliziyo nganye kuqala ngeqela leeseli kwi-atrium yasekunene yentliziyo yethu. Oku sikubiza ngokuba yi-sinoatrial (SA) node . Le yi-'pacemaker' yendalo yentliziyo yethu. Ifana nomqhubi we-orchestra.
2. Ukuqiniswa kwe-Atrial: Isignali yombane evela kwi-SA node ibangela ukuba amagumbi amabini aphezulu entliziyo, i-atria, aqinwe. Igazi elikuloo magumbi emva koko liphonswa kwiigumbi ezimbini ezisezantsi, ii-ventricles.
3. Ukuhanjiswa kwesignali: Olu phawu lombane luya kwelinye iqela leeseli elibizwa ngokuba yi-atrioventricular (AV) node . Oku kufana nocingo oluthwala umbane ukusuka kumagumbi aphezulu ukuya kumagumbi asezantsi.
4. Ukuqina kwentliziyo: I-AV node ithumela olunye uphawu kwiigumbi ezimbini ezingezantsi, ii-ventricles. Olu phawu lubangela ukuba ii-ventricles ziqina ngamandla, zipompe igazi lisuka entliziyweni liye emzimbeni wonke.
5. Ikhefu kunye nesiqalo esitsha:Ekugqibeleni, iiseli ezimbini ziyaphumla. Kwangaxeshanye, kufika isignali entsha evela kwi-SA node, kwaye kuqala ukubetha kwentliziyo entsha.
Xa le nkqubo yenzeka ngokufanelekileyo, izinga lentliziyo yethu kunye nesingqisho zichanekile. Kodwa ukuba ngesizathu esithile le nkqubo yombane iphazamisekile, kwenzeka i-arrhythmia.
I-Arrhythmia yimeko eqhelekileyo ebantwaneni. Uninzi lwexesha, ezi azinabungozi. Nangona kunjalo, azinakuba zimbi kakhulu, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele naziphi na iimpawu ezingaqhelekanga.
Ziziphi iintlobo ze-arrhythmias ezenzeka ebantwaneni?
Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-arrhythmia ezenzeka kubantu abadala nakubantwana. Masizihlele ngolu hlobo lulandelayo ukuze kube lula ukuziqonda.
| Uhlobo lwe-arrhythmia | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Iintlobo eziqala kumagumbi aphezulu entliziyo (atria) (Supraventricular Tachycardia - SVT) | |
| I-AV nodal reentrant tachycardia kunye ne-Orthodromic re-entrant tachycardia | Olu lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lwe-SVT olubonwa ebantwaneni. Cinga ngalo njengokuvula nokucima isibane, apho isantya sentliziyo sikhawuleza kakhulu size sibuyele esiqhelweni. Oku kunokwenzeka nakubantwana abanesi sifo esibizwa ngokuba yiWolff-Parkinson-White syndrome , esibangelwa lunxibelelwano lombane olongezelelweyo phakathi kwamagumbi aphezulu nasezantsi entliziyo. |
| Ukuphaphazela kwe-Atrial | Kule nto, nangona intliziyo ibetha ngokukhawuleza, yenzeka ngesingqisho esizinzileyo nesifanayo. |
| I-fibrillation ye-Atrial | Kule meko, intliziyo ibetha ngokukhawuleza nangendlela engaqhelekanga nengacwangciswanga. Nangona kunjalo, oku kunqabile kakhulu ebantwaneni. |
| Ukuncitshiswa kwe-atrial kwangaphambi kwexesha (ii-PAC) | Kulapho ukubetha okongezelelweyo kwenzeka ngaphambi kokuba ukubetha kwentliziyo okuqhelekileyo kubethe. Ungaziva ngathi uphoswe kukubetha okanye ukubetha okongezelelweyo. |
| Iintlobo eziqala kumagumbi asezantsi (iiseli) zentliziyo | |
| Ukuncitshiswa kwe-ventricular kwangaphambi kwexesha (ii-PVC) | Oku kufana nangaphambili, kodwa olu kubetha luqala kumagumbi asezantsi (iiseli) zentliziyo. |
| I-ventricular tachycardia (i-V-tach) | Le yimeko embi apho intliziyo ibetha ngokukhawuleza kakhulu ngenxa yemiqondiso yombane evela kumagumbi asezantsi entliziyo. |
| Ukufiphalisa kwemithambo yegazi | Le yimeko eyingozi kakhulu . Kwimeko enjalo, amagumbi asezantsi entliziyo awanciphi kakuhle, kodwa endaweni yoko ayaqhaqhazela nje. Oku kuthintela igazi ekumpompeni emzimbeni. |
| Ezinye iintlobo | |
| I-Bradycardia | Oku kuthetha ukuba isantya sentliziyo sihamba kancinci. Ixesha elininzi, oku akuyongozi, ingakumbi ukuba umntwana akanazo iimpawu. |
| Ibhloko yentliziyo | Okwenzekayo koku kukuba isignali yombane ehamba ukusuka kumagumbi aphezulu entliziyo ukuya kumagumbi asezantsi iyalibaziseka okanye ivalwe ngokupheleleyo. |
| Isifo se-sinus esigulayo | Oku kwenzeka xa isixhobo sentliziyo esibizwa ngokuba yi-SA node, singasebenzi kakuhle. Nangona kunjalo, oku akubonakali kwabanye abantwana, ngaphandle kwabantwana abanesifo sentliziyo abazalwa naso. |
Ngaba iSinus Arrhythmia iqhelekile ebantwaneni?
Ewe. Nangona eli gama lisenokuvakala lisoyikisa, iSinus Arrhythmia ayisiyongxaki yokubetha kwentliziyo. Yimeko eqhelekileyo nesempilweni . Phantse wonke umntwana unayo.
Kulapho isantya sentliziyo yomntwana sinyuka kancinci xa ephefumla kwaye sehla kancinci xa ekhupha umoya. Oku akubanga naziphi na iimpawu kwaye akudingi nyango. Enyanisweni, luphawu lokuba intliziyo yomntwana isempilweni entle.
Ziziphi iimpawu zomntwana one-arrhythmia?
Iimpawu zingahluka kakhulu ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwe-arrhythmia umntwana wakho anayo. Abanye abantwana basenokungabonakalisi zimpawu konke konke. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ubona ezi zinto kumntwana wakho, qaphela.
- Ukuba uthetha ngentlungu yesifuba .
- Ubunzima bokutya nokuncancisa . Ngamanye amaxesha olu lolona phawu luphela oluza kubonwa lusana olusandul’ ukuzalwa.
- Ukuba nesiyezi, ukuba nentloko ekhaphukhaphu, okanye ukuquleka (syncope) .
- Ukuba uziva udiniwe kakhulu okanye ubuthathaka .
- Ukuba uthi uziva intliziyo yakho ibetha , ungaziva ngathi libhabhathane elibhabha esifubeni sakho, okanye intliziyo yakho iyabetha ngamandla (ii-palpitations).
- Ukuhlala uziva ungaphumli kwaye unomsindo . Abantwana abancinci abangakwaziyo ukuveza iimvakalelo zabo banokuziphatha ngolu hlobo.
- Ubunzima bokuphefumla (ukuphelelwa ngamandla) .
Amaxesha amaninzi, uphawu lokuqala lunokuba kukuxhuzula, ukulahlekelwa zingqondo, okanye ukufa ngequbuliso kwentliziyo. Ngoko ke, ukuba kwenzeka into enzulu efana nale , mse umntwana wakho kwisebe likaxakeka lesibhedlele (ETU) ngokukhawuleza .
Yintoni ebangela i-arrhythmia ebantwaneni?
Ixesha elininzi, abantwana abaneengxaki ezifana ne-SVT abanazo ezinye iingxaki zesakhiwo sentliziyo yabo. Nangona kunjalo, kukho izinto ezininzi ezinokubangela ukuphuhliswa kwezinye iintlobo ze-arrhythmia.
- I-Cardiomyopathy: Oku kwenzeka xa izihlunu zentliziyo ziqina, zikhula, okanye ziqine.
- Iimeko zofuzo: Umzekelo, iimeko ezifana ne- long QT syndrome (imeko apho inkqubo yombane yentliziyo ithatha ixesha elide ukuyivuselela).
- Amayeza athile: Amayeza athile, ingakumbi lawo anikwa abantwana abakwiiyunithi zokhathalelo oluphezulu.
- Isifo sentliziyo esizalwa naso: Kukho izinto ezithile ezingaqhelekanga entliziyweni ezibakho xa umntu ezalwa .
- Ukungalingani kweekhemikhali emzimbeni: Ukwanda okanye ukuncipha kwezinto ezifana nee-electrolytes egazini.
- Ezinye izizathu: umkhuhlane, ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni, uxinzelelo, ukungalali, okanye iimeko zokudumba emzimbeni.
- Iintsholongwane: Iintsholongwane okanye iintsholongwane.
Ugqirha uyixilonga njani ngokuchanekileyo le meko?
Ixesha elininzi, oku kufumaneka xa ugqirha ehlola umntwana rhoqo. Okanye, xa umxelela ngeempawu zomntwana wakho, ugqirha uyamrhanela aze amthumele ukuba aye kuvavanywa.
Ngokwesiqhelo, ugqirha wabantwana okanye ingcali yentliziyo yabantwana uya kumamela imbali yempilo yomntwana neyentsapho yakhe, amamele intliziyo yomntwana, aze emva koko enze uvavanyo olufana nolu ukuba kuyimfuneko.
- Uvavanyo lwegazi: Jonga ukuba akukho mayeza, usulelo, okanye ukungalingani kweekhemikhali.
- I-Echocardiogram (Echocardiogram - echo): Oku kufana nokuskena kwentliziyo. Isebenzisa amaza esandi ukujonga ulwakhiwo kunye nomsebenzi wentliziyo ngokweenkcukacha.
- I-Electrocardiogram (ECG): Olu luvavanyo olulula kakhulu, olungenazintlungu. Ii-electrode ezincinci zifakwa esifubeni somntwana ukuze kubhalwe umsebenzi wombane wentliziyo. Umntwana unokucelwa ukuba ahambe okanye akhwele ibhayisekile kolu vavanyo.
- Uphononongo lwe-Electrophysiologic (EPS): Kule meko, ugqirha ufaka umbhobho omncinci kakhulu ngemithambo yegazi engalweni okanye emlenzeni womntwana entliziyweni aze ajonge apho kanye kuvela khona isignali yombane engaqhelekanga.
- Isixhobo sokubona usana esibizwa ngokuba yiHolter monitor: Esi sisixhobo esincinci esijonga ukusebenza kwentliziyo yomntwana iiyure ezingama-24 okanye iintsuku ezininzi. Umntwana angayinxiba aze enze imisebenzi yakhe yemihla ngemihla njengesiqhelo.
Amaxesha amaninzi, ukuba ezi mvavanyo azinasiphumo, ugqirha unokucebisa ukuba kusetyenziswe isixhobo esibizwa ngokuba yi-loop recorder , esifakwa ngenxeba elincinci phantsi kwesikhumba sesifuba somntwana.
Ziziphi iindlela zonyango ezinikwa abantwana?
Ezinye izifo ezingapheliyo azidingi nyango . Ugqirha uza kukuxelela ukuba ujonge isantya sentliziyo yomntwana ngamanye amaxesha.
Kwezinye iimeko, imeko ebangela i-arrhythmia iyanyangwa. Umzekelo, ukuba lusulelo, kunikwa amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane. Ukuba kukungalingani kweekhemikhali, kunikwa amayeza okulungisa loo nto.
Ugqirha wakho unokukunika amayeza anjenge- beta-blockers okanye i-calcium channel blockers ukulawula isantya sentliziyo yakho.
Umntwana onesimo esingesibi kangako unokufuna unyango olufana nolu:
- Ukukhupha: Kule nto, ubushushu okanye amandla athunyelwa kwizicubu zentliziyo apho kuqala khona i-arrhythmia, nto leyo ethintela isignali engaqhelekanga ukuba ingafiki.
- I-Cardioversion: Le yinkqubo elungisa isingqisho esingaqhelekanga ngokuhambisa umothuko wombane entliziyweni. Ingenziwa nangamayeza.
- Izixhobo ezifakelwayo: Isixhobo, esifana ne -pacemaker okanye i-implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) , sifakwe phantsi kwesikhumba kwaye sithumela imiqondiso yombane okanye ukukhwaza ukulawula isigqi esingaqhelekanga.
- Utyando lwe-maze: Ugqirha wenza amanxeba amancinci okanye ukutsha kwizicubu zentliziyo ukuze athintele ukuhamba kwemiqondiso yombane engaqhelekanga.
Liza kuba njani ikamva lomntwana onesi sifo?
Oku kuxhomekeke kakhulu kuhlobo lwe-arrhythmia umntwana anayo. Uninzi lwe-arrhythmia ebantwaneni alunabungozi kwaye alunazo naziphi na iziphumo zempilo ezihlala ixesha elide. Abanye abantwana baya kudlula kule meko njengoko bekhula. Abanye banokuqhubeka nokuba ne-arrhythmia kodwa banokuphila ubomi obuqhelekileyo ngaphandle konyango.
Neentlobo ezinzulu ze-arrhythmia zinokulawulwa ngempumelelo ngonyango oluphambili olufumanekayo namhlanje.
Nangona kunjalo, kunqabile kakhulu, ukuba i-arrhythmia enzima ayinyangwa, inokukhokelela kwimiphumo emibi efana nale:
- Amahlwili egazi . Ukuba la mahlwili aya engqondweni, anokubangela isifo sohlangothi.
- Ukumelwa yintliziyo .
- Ukonakala kwamalungu omzimba (umz. ingqondo, izintso, imiphunga).
- Ukufa kwentliziyo ngequbuliso .
Ngaba kukho into endinokuyenza ekhaya xa kuvela iimpawu?
Ewe. Ukuba umntwana wakho uneempawu ezifana nokubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza, ungazama ezi zinto zilula ngaphambi kokuba uye kugqirha. Ezi zibizwa ngokuba yi-'vagal maneuvers'.
- Baxelele ukuba bakhwehlele kakhulu okanye bazenze ngathi bayacaphuka .
- Beka ipakethe yomkhenkce okanye ilaphu elifakwe emanzini abandayo ebusweni bomntwana.
- Zama indlela yeValsalva: Cela umntwana ukuba avale impumlo nomlomo aze acinezele ngokungathi uza kukhupha umoya.
Ezi ngamanye amaxesha zinokunceda ukulawula ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza. Kodwa ezi zizisombululo zexeshana nje. Ukuba iimpawu ziyaqhubeka okanye umntwana wakho unengxaki, qiniseka ukuba ubona ugqirha.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Arrhythmia (ukubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga) ixhaphakile ebantwaneni. Kwiimeko ezininzi, ayinabungozi.
- Qaphela iimpawu ezifana nokubetha kwentliziyo yomntwana wakho ngokukhawuleza, ukucotha, iintlungu zesifuba, isiyezi, kunye nobunzima bokuncancisa.
- I-Sinus Arrhythmia luphawu olusempilweni, ayisosifo. Musa ukuyoyika.
- Ukuba unamathandabuzo okanye uloyiko, eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza kukubonana nogqirha wabantwana.
- Ukuba ufumana iimpawu ezinzulu (ukulahlekelwa zingqondo, ukuxhuzula, ubunzima obukhulu bokuphefumla), yiya kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (ETU) yesibhedlele ngoko nangoko.
- Uninzi lweemeko ze-arrhythmia zinokunyangwa kwaye zilawulwe ngempumelelo. Ngoko ke musa ukoyika kwaye ulandele iingcebiso zonyango ezifanelekileyo.
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