Ii-Allergies kunye nokungakhuseleki komzimbaJulayi 16, 2026🔄 Updated: Jul 16, 2026⏱ 6 min

Ingaba le nkuni ixhaphakileyo iyingozi kuwe? (Aspergillosis)

Creator: Dr. Priya Sammani
Published: 2026-07-15T22:50:45.000Z

Dr. Priya Sammani, MBBS, PG Dip. FMMedical Verification

Sonke siphefumla yonke imihla. Kodwa asazi ukuba zingaphi izinto ezisemoyeni esiziphefumlayo esingenakuzibona. Ubusazi na ukuba kukho uhlobo lwesikhunta olubizwa ngokuba yi-'Aspergillus', olunezikhuhlane ezidada kuyo yonke indawo kulo moya? Ngokwesiqhelo, oku akubangeli ngxaki kumntu ophilileyo, kuba inkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela yomzimba ayivumeli ukuba ingene. Kodwa kwabanye abantu, ingakumbi abo banezifo zemiphunga okanye abo baneenkqubo zokuzikhusela ezibuthathaka, oku kunokuba yingxaki enkulu. Le yimeko esithetha ngayo namhlanje, ebizwa ngokuba yi-'Aspergillosis'.

Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-Aspergillosis?

I-'Aspergillosis' lusulelo emzimbeni wethu olubangelwa luhlobo lwesikhunta olubizwa ngokuba yi-'Aspergillus'. Olu sulelo lwesikhunta. Olu hlobo lwesikhunta lufumaneka rhoqo kwindawo esihlala kuyo, ingakumbi kwiindawo ezifana nomhlaba, amagqabi omileyo, kunye neemfumba ze-compost. Ngamanye amaxesha, olu hlobo lwesikhunta lunokukhula kwiindawo ezimanzi ngaphakathi emakhaya, nakwiifilitha ze-air conditioner (AC) ezingacocwanga kakuhle.

Xa siphefumla, ii-spores zale mold zingena emiphungeni yethu ngeempumlo zethu. Inkqubo yomzimba yomntu ophilileyo iyabaqonda kwaye ibatshabalalise aba bahlaseli. Kodwa imizimba yabanye abantu ayikwazi ukwenza oku. Kulapho kuvela khona imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-'Aspergillosis'. Kukho iintlobo ezininzi eziphambili zale nto. Ezinye zazo zibonakala ngathi yi-allergy, ngelixa ezinye zikhawulelwe emiphungeni. Kodwa uhlobo oluyingozi kakhulu yi-'Aspergillosis' ehlaselayo, esasazeka emzimbeni wonke.

Abantu abaninzi bayazibuza ukuba ingaba le "yi-black mold." Hayi, luhlobo olwahlukileyo lwe-mold (Stachybotrys chartarum). Kodwa zombini ziintlobo ze-mold ezifumaneka kwindawo ezingqongileyo kwaye zinokubangela abanye abantu bagule.

Ngubani onokuthi abe nesi sifo? Ngubani osengozini?

Asinguye wonke umntu ofumana i-Aspergillosis. Kukho amaqela athile anobungozi ngenxa yayo. Oko kukuthi, abantu abanokuba sengozini yokugula xa bechaphazeleka yile mold. Ukuba ungomnye wala maqela, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba uqaphele ngakumbi ngale nto.

Iqela lomngcipheko	Ingcaciso elula
Abantu abane-asthma okanye ezinye izinto ezibangela i-allergies	Imiphunga yabo kunye neendlela zomoya zinovelwano ngokwendalo. Xa ii-spores ze-Aspergillus zingena, umzimba usabela ngokugqithisileyo. Oku kunokukhokelela kwimeko ye-allergy ebizwa ngokuba yi -Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis (ABPA) .
Abantu abanesifo semiphunga esingapheliyo	Abantu ababekhe baba nesifo sephepha (TB) ngaphambili kwaye banemingxuma emiphungeni yabo, okanye abo banezifo ezifana neCOPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease), okanye iSarcoidosis, baneendawo ezonakeleyo emiphungeni yabo. I-Aspergillus mold inokuhlala lula kwezi mingxuma ize yenze ibhola yefungus. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yiAspergilloma .
Abantu abaneenkqubo zomzimba ezibuthathaka kakhulu	Eli lelona qela liyingozi kakhulu nelisengozini. Ngenxa yokuba inkqubo yokuzikhusela yomzimba (amajoni) ibuthathaka, isikhunta sinokungena emzimbeni ngokulula, singene egazini sisuka emiphungeni, size sisasazeke kwezinye izitho ezifana nengqondo, izintso, nentliziyo. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi -Invasive Aspergillosis . Imizekelo yoku ibandakanya: Abantu abaye bafakelwa amalungu omzimba okanye bafakelwa iiseli ezisisiseko. Abantu abasebenzisa i-chemotherapy yomhlaza. Abantu abathatha iidosi eziphezulu ze-corticosteroids ixesha elide. Izigulane ezine-HIV/AIDS. Abantu abanamanqanaba aphantsi ee-neutrophils, uhlobo lweeseli ezimhlophe zegazi, egazini (i-Neutropenia).

Iqela lomngcipheko

Ingcaciso elula

Abantu abane-asthma okanye ezinye izinto ezibangela i-allergies

Imiphunga yabo kunye neendlela zomoya zinovelwano ngokwendalo. Xa ii-spores ze-Aspergillus zingena, umzimba usabela ngokugqithisileyo. Oku kunokukhokelela kwimeko ye-allergy ebizwa ngokuba yi -Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis (ABPA) .

Abantu abanesifo semiphunga esingapheliyo

Abantu ababekhe baba nesifo sephepha (TB) ngaphambili kwaye banemingxuma emiphungeni yabo, okanye abo banezifo ezifana neCOPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease), okanye iSarcoidosis, baneendawo ezonakeleyo emiphungeni yabo. I-Aspergillus mold inokuhlala lula kwezi mingxuma ize yenze ibhola yefungus. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yiAspergilloma .

Abantu abaneenkqubo zomzimba ezibuthathaka kakhulu

Eli lelona qela liyingozi kakhulu nelisengozini. Ngenxa yokuba inkqubo yokuzikhusela yomzimba (amajoni) ibuthathaka, isikhunta sinokungena emzimbeni ngokulula, singene egazini sisuka emiphungeni, size sisasazeke kwezinye izitho ezifana nengqondo, izintso, nentliziyo. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi -Invasive Aspergillosis . Imizekelo yoku ibandakanya:

Abantu abaye bafakelwa amalungu omzimba okanye bafakelwa iiseli ezisisiseko.

Abantu abasebenzisa i-chemotherapy yomhlaza.

Abantu abathatha iidosi eziphezulu ze-corticosteroids ixesha elide.

Izigulane ezine-HIV/AIDS.

Abantu abanamanqanaba aphantsi ee-neutrophils, uhlobo lweeseli ezimhlophe zegazi, egazini (i-Neutropenia).

Zithini iimpawu zesi sifo?

Iimpawu ze-aspergillosis ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo losulelo kunye nenxalenye yomzimba echaphazelekileyo. Zihlala zifana neempawu zesifo esiqhelekileyo sokuphefumla, nto leyo eyenza kube nzima ukuzifumanisa.

Uhlobo lwe-aspergillosis	Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo
Uhlobo lwe-aleji (i-ABPA)	Ukuwohloka kwesifo sesifuba Ukuphefumla Ubunzima bokuphefumla I-mucus emdaka iyaphuma xa ukhohlela
Umngundo (i-Aspergilloma)	Kusenokungabikho zimpawu kwizigaba zokuqala. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, ukukhohlela igazi (ngamanye amaxesha ngobuninzi) Ubunzima bokuphefumla Iintlungu zesifuba Ukuhla ukusinda
I-Aspergillosis Ehlaselayo	Umkhuhlane ongapheliyo nokuba usebenzisa amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane Intlungu yesifuba (mhlawumbi ibangelwa ziziphumo kwimiphunga) Ukuphefumla okungapheliyo Ukukhohlela igazi Ukuba usulelo lusasazeka luye engqondweni, iimpawu ezifana neentloko ezibuhlungu, ukuxhuzula, kunye nokulahlekelwa yinkumbulo zinokubakho. Ukuba isasazeka iye kwizintso, ukusebenza kwazo kunokuphazamiseka.

Ingaba esi sisifo esosulelayo?

Hayi. I-'Aspergillosis' ayisosifo esinokudluliselwa ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye. Sibangelwa kukuphefumla iintsholongwane zesikhunta ezikwindawo esingqongileyo. Ngoko ke, awunakuyifumana le sifo ngokuba kufutshane nomntu ogulayo.

Ugqirha usifumanisa njani esi sifo?

Ugqirha wakho uza kukukrokrela oku ngokusekelwe kwiimpawu zakho kunye nembali yakho yempilo (umzekelo, ngaba une-asthma okanye unyangwa umhlaza?). Baza kwenza iimvavanyo ezininzi ukuqinisekisa ukuba unesifo.

I-X-ray yesifuba okanye i-CT scan: Oku kunokujonga iimpawu ezingaqhelekanga, imingxunya, okanye iqhuma elibizwa ngokuba yi-"Aspergilloma" emiphungeni.
Ukukhula kwe-sputum: Isampulu ye-sputum yakho iyathathwa ize ivavanywe kwilebhu ukuze kubonwe ukuba i-mold Aspergillus ikhula kuyo na. Ikwahlolwa phantsi kwe-microscope ukuze kubonwe ukuba kukho naziphi na ii-filamentous particles kwi-sputum.
Uvavanyo lwegazi: Ukuba kurhanelwa uhlobo oluthile lomhlaza, igazi livavanywa ukuze kufunyanwe ii-antibodies okanye ii-antigens ezithile kwi-Aspergillus mold. Oku kunokunceda ekuxilongeni isifo ngokukhawuleza.
I-Biopsy: Iqhekeza elincinci lesicubu lithathwa emphungeni okanye kwindawo ekucingelwa ukuba inentsholongwane kwaye lihlolwe nge-microscope ukuze kubonwe ukuba akukho ntsholongwane ingena kuyo.
Uvavanyo lwe-Allergy: Uvavanyo lolusu okanye uvavanyo lwegazi lunokuqinisekisa ukuba umzimba wakho une-allergy kwi-Aspergillus.

Zithini iindlela zonyango? Ngaba oku kunganyangeka?

Unyango lwe-aspergillosis luxhomekeke kuhlobo lwesifo onaso, ubukhali baso, kunye nempilo yakho iyonke.

1. Amayeza okulwa nokungunda

Olu lolona nyango luphambili. La mayeza asebenza ngokutshabalalisa ifungus emzimbeni. Amayeza afana ne-`Voriconazole`, `Isavuconazole`, `Amphotericin B` asetyenziswa kakhulu koku. Amanye ala mayeza anikwa njengeepilisi zokuwasela, kwaye amanye anikwa njengeenaliti emthanjeni onetyuwa. Ixesha lonyango linokuthatha iiveki ezimbalwa ukuya kwiinyanga ezininzi, okanye ubomi bonke.

2. Amayeza e-steroid (ii-Corticosteroids)

Ezi zisetyenziselwa ukunyanga i-allergy rhinitis (ABPA) . Endaweni yokubulala i-mold, la mayeza alawula ukudumba okugqithisileyo kunye nempendulo ye-allergy ebangelwa yi-mold emzimbeni. Iipilisi ezifana ne-'Prednisolone' zinikwa oku.

3. Utyando

Ukuba kukho iqhuma elinye lesikhunta (`Aspergilloma`) emphungeni kwaye libangela iingxaki ezifana nokopha okuqhubekayo, kwenziwa utyando lokususa yonke imiphunga equlethe iqhuma. Oku kunokunyanga ngokupheleleyo isifo.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuthatha amayeza anikwe ngugqirha wakho kanye ngexesha elimiselweyo. Ukuba uyeka ukuwathatha amayeza phakathi, isifo sinokubuya.

Ungazikhusela njani kwesi sifo?

Ukungunda kwe-Aspergillus kufumaneka kuyo yonke indawo, ngoko ke akunakwenzeka ukukuphepha ngokupheleleyo. Kodwa ukuba ukwiqela elisengozini enkulu, kukho izinto onokuzenza ukunciphisa umngcipheko wakho:

Ziphephe iindawo ezinothuli: Ziphephe iindawo zokwakha, iindawo zokudiliza, kunye neendlela ezinothuli kangangoko kunokwenzeka.
Lumka xa ulima igadi: Imisebenzi efana nokumba umhlaba, ukwenza iimfumba zomgquba, kunye nokucheba ingca kunokukhupha iintsholongwane zesikhunta emoyeni. Ukuba wenza olu hlobo lomsebenzi, qiniseka ukuba unxibe imaski ye-N95 esemgangathweni .
Lawula ukufuma ekhayeni lakho: Ukuba kukho iindawo ezifumileyo ngaphakathi ekhayeni lakho okanye iindawo ezinesikhunta ezikhula eludongeni, zilungise ngoko nangoko. Qinisekisa ukuba iindawo ezifana negumbi lokuhlambela nekhitshi zinomoya owaneleyo.
Gcina ii-air conditioner (AC) kunye nee-air filters zicocekile: Ezi zihluzo zikhula lula kwi-mold, ngoko ke zicoce rhoqo ngokwemiyalelo yomenzi.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha? Ndifanele ndiye nini kwi-ETU?

Ukuba ungomnye wamaqela asemngciphekweni akhankanyiweyo apha ngasentla kwaye ubonakalisa iimpawu ezinxulumene nemiphunga (ukukhwehlela, ubunzima bokuphefumla, umkhuhlane),Bona ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.

Ukuba unenye yezi mpawu zilandelayo, yiya kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) lesibhedlele esikufutshane ngaphandle kokulibazisa.

Umkhuhlane ophezulu kakhulu (ngaphezulu kwe-103 Fahrenheit/40 Celsius)
Ukuphefumla okungapheliyo
Ukopha kakhulu xa ukhohlela
Ukudideka, ukudideka , okanye utshintsho kwindlela yokuziphatha
Ukuxhuzula
Ukutshintsha kombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kwemilebe okanye ulusu (olu luphawu lokunqongophala kweoksijini egazini - `iCyanosis`)

Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya

I-'Aspergillus' luhlobo lwesikhunta esixhaphakileyo kwindawo esihlala kuyo. Ngokuqhelekileyo ayibangeli buhlungu abantu abasempilweni.

Umngcipheko mkhulu kakhulu kwabo banezifo zemiphunga ezikhoyo (isifuba, i-COPD) kunye nabo baneenkqubo zomzimba ezibuthathaka (abaguli abanomhlaza, abo bafumana ukufakelwa amalungu omzimba).

Iimpawu zinokufana nezo zosulelo oluqhelekileyo lokuphefumla, ngoko ke ukuba ukwiqela elisengozini, yazi iimpawu.

Esi sifo asidluliselwa komnye umntu siye komnye.

Kukho unyango olusebenzayo. Ukuxilongwa kwangoko kunye nonyango olufanelekileyo ngokwemiyalelo kagqirha kunokunceda ukulawula nokunyanga isifo.

I-Aspergillosis, i-Aspergillus, isifo sokungunda, usulelo lwemiphunga, usulelo lwefungus, ukuncipha kwe-immune system, ukukhohlela, ubunzima bokuphefumla, i-Aspergilloma, ibhola yefungus

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Ingaba esi sisifo esosulelayo?

⚠️ Important: The medical articles and information on Nirogi Lanka are for general awareness only, and are by no means a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. For any medical problem you have, consult a qualified physician immediately.

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Ii-Allergies kunye nokungakhuseleki komzimbaJulayi 16, 2026
Ingaba le nkuni ixhaphakileyo iyingozi kuwe? (Aspergillosis)
Dr. Priya SammaniMedical Verification
⏱ 6 min read
📋Table of Contents
1. Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-Aspergillosis?
2. Ngubani onokuthi abe nesi sifo? Ngubani osengozini?
3. Zithini iimpawu zesi sifo?
4. Ingaba esi sisifo esosulelayo?
5. Ugqirha usifumanisa njani esi sifo?
6. Zithini iindlela zonyango? Ngaba oku kunganyangeka?
7. 1. Amayeza okulwa nokungunda
8. 2. Amayeza e-steroid (ii-Corticosteroids)
9. 3. Utyando
10. Ungazikhusela njani kwesi sifo?
11. Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha? Ndifanele ndiye nini kwi-ETU?
12. Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
Sonke siphefumla yonke imihla. Kodwa asazi ukuba zingaphi izinto ezisemoyeni esiziphefumlayo esingenakuzibona. Ubusazi na ukuba kukho uhlobo lwesikhunta olubizwa ngokuba yi-'Aspergillus', olunezikhuhlane ezidada kuyo yonke indawo kulo moya? Ngokwesiqhelo, oku akubangeli ngxaki kumntu ophilileyo, kuba inkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela yomzimba ayivumeli ukuba ingene. Kodwa kwabanye abantu, ingakumbi abo banezifo zemiphunga okanye abo baneenkqubo zokuzikhusela ezibuthathaka, oku kunokuba yingxaki enkulu. Le yimeko esithetha ngayo namhlanje, ebizwa ngokuba yi-'Aspergillosis'.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-Aspergillosis?
I-'Aspergillosis' lusulelo emzimbeni wethu olubangelwa luhlobo lwesikhunta olubizwa ngokuba yi-'Aspergillus'. Olu sulelo lwesikhunta. Olu hlobo lwesikhunta lufumaneka rhoqo kwindawo esihlala kuyo, ingakumbi kwiindawo ezifana nomhlaba, amagqabi omileyo, kunye neemfumba ze-compost. Ngamanye amaxesha, olu hlobo lwesikhunta lunokukhula kwiindawo ezimanzi ngaphakathi emakhaya, nakwiifilitha ze-air conditioner (AC) ezingacocwanga kakuhle.
Xa siphefumla, ii-spores zale mold zingena emiphungeni yethu ngeempumlo zethu. Inkqubo yomzimba yomntu ophilileyo iyabaqonda kwaye ibatshabalalise aba bahlaseli. Kodwa imizimba yabanye abantu ayikwazi ukwenza oku. Kulapho kuvela khona imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-'Aspergillosis'. Kukho iintlobo ezininzi eziphambili zale nto. Ezinye zazo zibonakala ngathi yi-allergy, ngelixa ezinye zikhawulelwe emiphungeni. Kodwa uhlobo oluyingozi kakhulu yi-'Aspergillosis' ehlaselayo, esasazeka emzimbeni wonke.
Abantu abaninzi bayazibuza ukuba ingaba le "yi-black mold." Hayi, luhlobo olwahlukileyo lwe-mold (Stachybotrys chartarum). Kodwa zombini ziintlobo ze-mold ezifumaneka kwindawo ezingqongileyo kwaye zinokubangela abanye abantu bagule.
Ngubani onokuthi abe nesi sifo? Ngubani osengozini?
Asinguye wonke umntu ofumana i-Aspergillosis. Kukho amaqela athile anobungozi ngenxa yayo. Oko kukuthi, abantu abanokuba sengozini yokugula xa bechaphazeleka yile mold. Ukuba ungomnye wala maqela, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba uqaphele ngakumbi ngale nto.
Iqela lomngcipheko Ingcaciso elula
Abantu abane-asthma okanye ezinye izinto ezibangela i-allergies Imiphunga yabo kunye neendlela zomoya zinovelwano ngokwendalo. Xa ii-spores ze-Aspergillus zingena, umzimba usabela ngokugqithisileyo. Oku kunokukhokelela kwimeko ye-allergy ebizwa ngokuba yi -Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis (ABPA) .
Abantu abanesifo semiphunga esingapheliyo Abantu ababekhe baba nesifo sephepha (TB) ngaphambili kwaye banemingxuma emiphungeni yabo, okanye abo banezifo ezifana neCOPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease), okanye iSarcoidosis, baneendawo ezonakeleyo emiphungeni yabo. I-Aspergillus mold inokuhlala lula kwezi mingxuma ize yenze ibhola yefungus. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yiAspergilloma .
Abantu abaneenkqubo zomzimba ezibuthathaka kakhulu Eli lelona qela liyingozi kakhulu nelisengozini. Ngenxa yokuba inkqubo yokuzikhusela yomzimba (amajoni) ibuthathaka, isikhunta sinokungena emzimbeni ngokulula, singene egazini sisuka emiphungeni, size sisasazeke kwezinye izitho ezifana nengqondo, izintso, nentliziyo. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi -Invasive Aspergillosis . Imizekelo yoku ibandakanya:
Abantu abaye bafakelwa amalungu omzimba okanye bafakelwa iiseli ezisisiseko.
Abantu abasebenzisa i-chemotherapy yomhlaza.
Abantu abathatha iidosi eziphezulu ze-corticosteroids ixesha elide.
Izigulane ezine-HIV/AIDS.
Abantu abanamanqanaba aphantsi ee-neutrophils, uhlobo lweeseli ezimhlophe zegazi, egazini (i-Neutropenia).
Zithini iimpawu zesi sifo?
Iimpawu ze-aspergillosis ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo losulelo kunye nenxalenye yomzimba echaphazelekileyo. Zihlala zifana neempawu zesifo esiqhelekileyo sokuphefumla, nto leyo eyenza kube nzima ukuzifumanisa.
Uhlobo lwe-aspergillosis Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo
Uhlobo lwe-aleji (i-ABPA)
Ukuwohloka kwesifo sesifuba
Ukuphefumla
Ubunzima bokuphefumla
I-mucus emdaka iyaphuma xa ukhohlela
Umngundo (i-Aspergilloma)
Kusenokungabikho zimpawu kwizigaba zokuqala.
Ekuhambeni kwexesha, ukukhohlela igazi (ngamanye amaxesha ngobuninzi)
Ubunzima bokuphefumla
Iintlungu zesifuba
Ukuhla ukusinda
I-Aspergillosis Ehlaselayo
Umkhuhlane ongapheliyo nokuba usebenzisa amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane
Intlungu yesifuba (mhlawumbi ibangelwa ziziphumo kwimiphunga)
Ukuphefumla okungapheliyo
Ukukhohlela igazi
Ukuba usulelo lusasazeka luye engqondweni, iimpawu ezifana neentloko ezibuhlungu, ukuxhuzula, kunye nokulahlekelwa yinkumbulo zinokubakho.
Ukuba isasazeka iye kwizintso, ukusebenza kwazo kunokuphazamiseka.
Ingaba esi sisifo esosulelayo?
Hayi. I-'Aspergillosis' ayisosifo esinokudluliselwa ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye. Sibangelwa kukuphefumla iintsholongwane zesikhunta ezikwindawo esingqongileyo. Ngoko ke, awunakuyifumana le sifo ngokuba kufutshane nomntu ogulayo.
Ugqirha usifumanisa njani esi sifo?
Ugqirha wakho uza kukukrokrela oku ngokusekelwe kwiimpawu zakho kunye nembali yakho yempilo (umzekelo, ngaba une-asthma okanye unyangwa umhlaza?). Baza kwenza iimvavanyo ezininzi ukuqinisekisa ukuba unesifo.
I-X-ray yesifuba okanye i-CT scan: Oku kunokujonga iimpawu ezingaqhelekanga, imingxunya, okanye iqhuma elibizwa ngokuba yi-"Aspergilloma" emiphungeni.
Ukukhula kwe-sputum: Isampulu ye-sputum yakho iyathathwa ize ivavanywe kwilebhu ukuze kubonwe ukuba i-mold Aspergillus ikhula kuyo na. Ikwahlolwa phantsi kwe-microscope ukuze kubonwe ukuba kukho naziphi na ii-filamentous particles kwi-sputum.
Uvavanyo lwegazi: Ukuba kurhanelwa uhlobo oluthile lomhlaza, igazi livavanywa ukuze kufunyanwe ii-antibodies okanye ii-antigens ezithile kwi-Aspergillus mold. Oku kunokunceda ekuxilongeni isifo ngokukhawuleza.
I-Biopsy: Iqhekeza elincinci lesicubu lithathwa emphungeni okanye kwindawo ekucingelwa ukuba inentsholongwane kwaye lihlolwe nge-microscope ukuze kubonwe ukuba akukho ntsholongwane ingena kuyo.
Uvavanyo lwe-Allergy: Uvavanyo lolusu okanye uvavanyo lwegazi lunokuqinisekisa ukuba umzimba wakho une-allergy kwi-Aspergillus.
Zithini iindlela zonyango? Ngaba oku kunganyangeka?
Unyango lwe-aspergillosis luxhomekeke kuhlobo lwesifo onaso, ubukhali baso, kunye nempilo yakho iyonke.
1. Amayeza okulwa nokungunda
Olu lolona nyango luphambili. La mayeza asebenza ngokutshabalalisa ifungus emzimbeni. Amayeza afana ne-`Voriconazole`, `Isavuconazole`, `Amphotericin B` asetyenziswa kakhulu koku. Amanye ala mayeza anikwa njengeepilisi zokuwasela, kwaye amanye anikwa njengeenaliti emthanjeni onetyuwa. Ixesha lonyango linokuthatha iiveki ezimbalwa ukuya kwiinyanga ezininzi, okanye ubomi bonke.
2. Amayeza e-steroid (ii-Corticosteroids)
Ezi zisetyenziselwa ukunyanga i-allergy rhinitis (ABPA) . Endaweni yokubulala i-mold, la mayeza alawula ukudumba okugqithisileyo kunye nempendulo ye-allergy ebangelwa yi-mold emzimbeni. Iipilisi ezifana ne-'Prednisolone' zinikwa oku.
3. Utyando
Ukuba kukho iqhuma elinye lesikhunta (`Aspergilloma`) emphungeni kwaye libangela iingxaki ezifana nokopha okuqhubekayo, kwenziwa utyando lokususa yonke imiphunga equlethe iqhuma. Oku kunokunyanga ngokupheleleyo isifo.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuthatha amayeza anikwe ngugqirha wakho kanye ngexesha elimiselweyo. Ukuba uyeka ukuwathatha amayeza phakathi, isifo sinokubuya.
Ungazikhusela njani kwesi sifo?
Ukungunda kwe-Aspergillus kufumaneka kuyo yonke indawo, ngoko ke akunakwenzeka ukukuphepha ngokupheleleyo. Kodwa ukuba ukwiqela elisengozini enkulu, kukho izinto onokuzenza ukunciphisa umngcipheko wakho:
Ziphephe iindawo ezinothuli: Ziphephe iindawo zokwakha, iindawo zokudiliza, kunye neendlela ezinothuli kangangoko kunokwenzeka.
Lumka xa ulima igadi: Imisebenzi efana nokumba umhlaba, ukwenza iimfumba zomgquba, kunye nokucheba ingca kunokukhupha iintsholongwane zesikhunta emoyeni. Ukuba wenza olu hlobo lomsebenzi, qiniseka ukuba unxibe imaski ye-N95 esemgangathweni .
Lawula ukufuma ekhayeni lakho: Ukuba kukho iindawo ezifumileyo ngaphakathi ekhayeni lakho okanye iindawo ezinesikhunta ezikhula eludongeni, zilungise ngoko nangoko. Qinisekisa ukuba iindawo ezifana negumbi lokuhlambela nekhitshi zinomoya owaneleyo.
Gcina ii-air conditioner (AC) kunye nee-air filters zicocekile: Ezi zihluzo zikhula lula kwi-mold, ngoko ke zicoce rhoqo ngokwemiyalelo yomenzi.
Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha? Ndifanele ndiye nini kwi-ETU?
Ukuba ungomnye wamaqela asemngciphekweni akhankanyiweyo apha ngasentla kwaye ubonakalisa iimpawu ezinxulumene nemiphunga (ukukhwehlela, ubunzima bokuphefumla, umkhuhlane),Bona ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
Ukuba unenye yezi mpawu zilandelayo, yiya kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) lesibhedlele esikufutshane ngaphandle kokulibazisa.
Umkhuhlane ophezulu kakhulu (ngaphezulu kwe-103 Fahrenheit/40 Celsius)
Ukuphefumla okungapheliyo
Ukopha kakhulu xa ukhohlela
Ukudideka, ukudideka , okanye utshintsho kwindlela yokuziphatha
Ukuxhuzula
Ukutshintsha kombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kwemilebe okanye ulusu (olu luphawu lokunqongophala kweoksijini egazini - `iCyanosis`)
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
I-'Aspergillus' luhlobo lwesikhunta esixhaphakileyo kwindawo esihlala kuyo. Ngokuqhelekileyo ayibangeli buhlungu abantu abasempilweni.
Umngcipheko mkhulu kakhulu kwabo banezifo zemiphunga ezikhoyo (isifuba, i-COPD) kunye nabo baneenkqubo zomzimba ezibuthathaka (abaguli abanomhlaza, abo bafumana ukufakelwa amalungu omzimba).
Iimpawu zinokufana nezo zosulelo oluqhelekileyo lokuphefumla, ngoko ke ukuba ukwiqela elisengozini, yazi iimpawu.
Esi sifo asidluliselwa komnye umntu siye komnye.
Kukho unyango olusebenzayo. Ukuxilongwa kwangoko kunye nonyango olufanelekileyo ngokwemiyalelo kagqirha kunokunceda ukulawula nokunyanga isifo.
I-Aspergillosis, i-Aspergillus, isifo sokungunda, usulelo lwemiphunga, usulelo lwefungus, ukuncipha kwe-immune system, ukukhohlela, ubunzima bokuphefumla, i-Aspergilloma, ibhola yefungus
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
Ingaba esi sisifo esosulelayo?
Hayi. I-'Aspergillosis' ayisosifo esinokudluliselwa ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye. Sibangelwa kukuphefumla iintsholongwane zesikhunta ezikwindawo esingqongileyo. Ngoko ke, awunakuyifumana le sifo ngokuba kufutshane nomntu ogulayo.
⚠️ Important: The medical articles and information on Nirogi Lanka are for general awareness only, and are by no means a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. For any medical problem you have, consult a qualified physician immediately.
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