Sonke siyaphefumla yonke imihla. Kodwa ngaba wakha wacinga ukuba zingaphi izinto ezisemoyeni esiziphefumlayo esingenakuzibona? Ngokufanayo, namhlanje sithetha ngohlobo lwefungus olufumaneka macala onke, emhlabeni, phakathi kwamagqabi omileyo, kodwa alusoloko lusikhathaza. Siphefumla le fungus yonke imihla, kodwa inkqubo yomzimba wethu yokuzikhusela iyayilawula ngokulula. Nangona kunjalo, kwabanye abantu, ingakumbi abo baneenkqubo zokuzikhusela ezibuthathaka, le fungus inokuba yingozi ngakumbi. Oku sikubiza ngokuba yi-Aspergillosis ngokwezonyango.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-Aspergillosis?
I-Aspergillosis ligama eliqhelekileyo lezifo ezininzi ezibangelwa yi-fungus i-Aspergillus. Le fungus ixhaphakile kwindawo esihlala kuyo, ingakumbi ngaphandle, kwiindawo ezifana nenkunkuma yamagqabi awomileyo, amaxolo emithi, umhlaba, kunye nomgquba. Ngamanye amaxesha inokufumaneka ngaphakathi kwiindawo ezimanzi.
Khawucinge nje, siphefumla amawaka ee-spores zale fungus yonke imihla. Kodwa inkqubo yokuzikhusela yomzimba wethu, inkqubo yokuzikhusela, inamandla kangangokuba ayivumeli le fungus ukuba ibangele izifo emizimbeni yethu. Nangona kunjalo, imizimba yabanye abantu ayinakulwa nale fungus. Kulapho ke iingxaki ziqala khona. Le fungus inokubangela i-allergies, izifo ezingapheliyo zemiphunga, okanye nezifo ezihlaselayo ezisasazeka kwizitho eziphambili ezifana nengqondo, izintso, kunye nemiphunga.
Into ebalulekileyo kukuba oko abanye abantu bakucinga ngokuba "ngumngundo omnyama" kunye nale fungus ebizwa ngokuba yi-Aspergillus zizinto ezimbini ezahlukeneyo. Umngundo omnyama luhlobo olwahlukileyo lwefungus. Kodwa zombini ziintlobo zefungus ezinokubangela abanye abantu bagule.
Ngubani osengozini enkulu yokuhlaselwa sesi sifo?
Asinguye wonke umntu ofumana i-aspergillosis. Kodwa abanye abantu banamathuba amaninzi okuba nayo. Umngcipheko uyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwesifo. Makhe sijonge ukuba ngubani osengozini enkulu.
| Uhlobo lwe-aspergillosis | Abo banokuchaphazeleka kakhulu |
|---|---|
| I-Allergy Aspergillosis | Abantu abasele benezifo zokuphefumla ezifana ne-asthma, i-bronchiectasis, okanye i-cystic fibrosis. |
| I-Aspergillosis engapheliyo | Abantu abanezifo zemiphunga ezihlala ixesha elide ezifana neCOPD, i-sarcoidosis, kunye nesifo sephepha. |
| I-Aspergillosis Ehlaselayo | Abantu abaneenkqubo zomzimba ezibuthathaka kakhulu . Umzekelo:
|
Le fungus ingena njani emizimbeni yethu?
Ngamafutshane, xa siphefumla, ii-spores ze-Aspergillus emoyeni zingena ngeempumlo zethu ziye emiphungeni yethu. Kulapho ke kuqala khona ukusabela okanye usulelo lwe-allergy. Ukuba inkqubo yakho yokuzikhusela yomzimba ibuthathaka, le fungus inokuhamba ukusuka apho iye kwezinye iindawo zomzimba. Kwakhona, le fungus inokungena emzimbeni nokuba ingena kwinxeba eluswini.
Khumbula, i-aspergillosis ayisosifo esosulelayo. Oku kuthetha ukuba ayinakusasazeka ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye.
Zithini iimpawu ze-aspergillosis?
Iimpawu zesi sifo ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo onalo kunye nendawo olukuyo usulelo. Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zezo zinxulumene nemiphunga.
- Ukukhwehlela: Ngamanye amaxesha igazi elincinci linokuphuma kunye ne-phlegm.
- Ubunzima bokuphefumla: Usenokuziva uphelelwa ngumphefumlo nokuba uqhuba umthambo kancinci.
- Ukuphefumla: Oku kuqhelekile kubantu abane-asthma.
- Intlungu yesifuba: Ukuziva uxinezelekile okanye intlungu esifubeni xa uphefumla.
- Umkhuhlane: Luphawu oluqhelekileyo losulelo emzimbeni.
Abantu abane-aspergillosis engapheliyo yemiphunga banokufumana iimpawu ezifana nokudinwa kunye nokuncipha komzimba .
Ukuba usulelo lusasazeka kwezinye iindawo zomzimba, ezinye iimpawu zinokubonakala zinxulumene nelo lungu.
Ungayixilonga njani ngokuchanekileyo le sifo?
Ngenxa yokuba iimpawu ze-aspergillosis zifana nezezinye izifo ezininzi, ukufumanisa isifo kunokuba nzima kancinci. Ugqirha wakho uza kujonga ngononophelo iimpawu zakho, imbali yezonyango, kunye nezinto ezinobungozi. Banokwenza novavanyo oluthile ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa.
- Uvavanyo lwemifanekiso: I-X-ray yesifuba okanye i-CT scan inokujonga iibhola zefungus okanye ezinye iimpawu zosulelo emiphungeni.
- Uvavanyo lwe-allergy: Uvavanyo lwegazi okanye lolusu lunokuqinisekisa ukuba unayo na i-allergy aspergillosis.
- I-Biopsy: Kuthathwa isampulu encinci yezicubu ezivela emiphungeni okanye kwindawo enesifo ize ihlolwe phantsi kwemakroskopu ukuqinisekisa ukuba kukho ifungus.
- Inkcubeko: Isampulu yesikhohlela sakho, igazi, okanye olunye ulwelo lomzimba iyathathwa ize ivavanywe kwilebhu ukuze kubonwe ukuba ingaba i-Aspergillus fungus ikhula apho na.
- Uvavanyo lwegazi: Olu vavanyo lunceda ekuchongeni ngokukhawuleza uhlobo oluhlaselayo, ingakumbi kubantu abaneenkqubo zomzimba ezibuthathaka kakhulu.
Zithini iindlela zonyango zoku?
Unyango luxhomekeke kuhlobo lwe-aspergillosis onayo, ubukhali besifo, kunye nempilo yakho iyonke. Kukho iindlela ezintathu eziphambili zonyango.
1. Amayeza okulwa nokungunda
Uninzi lweentlobo ze-aspergillosis zinyangwa ngala mayeza. Kubalulekile ukuthatha amayeza achazwe ngugqirha wakho (umz., iVoriconazole, iItraconazole) ixesha lonke leyeza. Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba elinye iyeza alisebenzi, ugqirha wakho unokukunika elinye iyeza.
2. Utyando
Ukuba kukho i-fungus mass enye (aspergilloma) eyenzeka ngaphakathi emiphungeni, ukususwa kwe-mass ngotyando kunokunyanga ngokupheleleyo isifo. Kwezinye iimeko zosulelo olunzima, utyando lunokufuneka.
3. IiCorticosteroids
Ezi zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwi-allergy type aspergillosis (ABPA). La mayeza asebenza ngokulawula ukudumba okugqithisileyo emzimbeni. Afika ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo ezifana neepilisi, ii-inhalers, kunye ne-nasal sprays.
Ufanele uye nini kugqirha okanye uye esibhedlele ngoko nangoko?
Ukuba ungomnye wamaqela asengozini akhankanyiweyo apha ngasentla (umz., umntu ofumana isitho somzimba esifakwe amalungu omzimba, umntu ofumana unyango lomhlaza, umntu onesifo seswekile), qiniseka ukuba uthetha nogqirha wakho malunga nendlela yokuthintela nokubona usulelo lwefungus kwangethuba.
Kwakhona, ukuba uyazi ukuba amasosha omzimba wakho abuthathaka kwaye ubonakalisa iimpawu zosulelo, funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngaphandle kokulibazisa. Ukuba unezinye zeempawu eziqatha ezilandelayo, yiya kwiSebe leNgxamiseko (ETU) lesibhedlele esikufutshane ngoko nangoko.
| Iimpawu zesilumkiso ezifuna ingqalelo ekhawulezileyo | |
|---|---|
| 🌡️ Umkhuhlane ophezulu | Ukuba nomkhuhlane ongaphezulu kwama-40 degrees Celsius (103 Fahrenheit). |
| 😮💨 Ukuphefumla okungapheliyo | Ubunzima bokuphefumla. |
| 🩸 Ukukhohlela igazi | Ukopha okuxutywe ne-mucus okanye ukopha kakhulu. |
| 🧠 Ukudideka | Utshintsho kwimemori, i-dementia. |
| ⚫ Ulusu luba mnyama | Ukuba mnyama kwesikhumba, izicubu, okanye i-mucus ephuma empumlweni. |
| 🔵 Ubuluhlaza (iCyanosis) | Ukutshintsha kombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kolusu, imilebe, okanye iinzipho (olu luphawu oluyingozi lokunqongophala komoya-mpilo egazini). |
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Aspergillosis sisifo esibangelwa yifungus esifumaneka rhoqo kwindawo esihlala kuyo.
- Le fungus ayibangeli monakalo mkhulu kubantu abasempilweni abanamandla okuzikhusela.
- Abantu abaneenkqubo zomzimba ezibuthathaka, abo banezifo zemiphunga ezifana ne-asthma, kunye nabo banezifo ezifana nesifo seswekile basengozini enkulu.
- Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ezifana nokukhwehlela, umkhuhlane, kunye nobunzima bokuphefumla zezona mpawu ziphambili. Ngoko ke, ukuba ukwiqela elisengozini, qaphela ezi mpawu.
- Iindlela zonyango ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwesifo. Utyando, amayeza okubola, kunye namayeza e-steroid zezona ziphambili.
- Ukuba ungomnye weqela elisengozini kwaye uneempawu eziqatha, funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngokukhawuleza.
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