Umele ukuba ukubonile kumabonwakude, xa umntu ephelelwa zingqondo ngequbuliso aze awe phantsi, oogqirha bangena ngokukhawuleza, babeke umatshini esifubeni bathi 'Sula!' baze bamoyikise ngombane. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha okubonayo kwisikrini ngumgca omde othe tye. Yiloo nto siyibiza ngokuba yi-'flat-line' okanye i-asystole. Le yingxamiseko yezonyango enzulu kakhulu, esongela ubomi. Ngoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu kuthi sonke ukuba sikuqonde ngokupheleleyo oku.

Yintoni kanye kanye i-asystole?

Ngamafutshane, i-asystole kuxa inkqubo yombane yentliziyo yakho ivaleka ngokupheleleyo kwaye intliziyo yakho iyeka ukubetha. Olu luhlobo lokuma kwentliziyo. Ngeli xesha, intliziyo iyeka ukupompa igazi emzimbeni ngokupheleleyo. Oku kunokubangela ukulahleka kwengqondo ngesiquphe, ukuyeka ukuphefumla, okanye ukufuthaniseka. Ngaphandle konyango olukhawulezileyo, olufana ne-CPR, ukufa kunokwenzeka kwimizuzu embalwa.

Kutheni oku kubizwa ngokuba 'ngumgca othe tyaba'?

Asinakuyifumanisa le meko ngaphandle. Ingachongwa ngokuchanekileyo kuphela ngovavanyo lwe-ECG (Electrocardiogram). Usenokuba ukhe wabona ukuba ezibhedlele, iisensa ezininzi zincamathiselwa esifubeni ukuze zijonge ukusebenza kwentliziyo. Ezi sensa zibona umsebenzi wombane ongabonakaliyo wentliziyo kwaye ziyibonisa njengepatheni ejikelezayo kwisikrini.

Le ndlela yamaza yenziwa xa kukho umsebenzi wombane entliziyweni. Kwi-asystole, akukho msebenzi wombane entliziyweni, ngoko ke endaweni yamaza, kuvela umgca othe tye, othe tyaba kwiscreen. Yiyo loo nto ibizwa ngokuba 'ngumgca othe tyaba'.

Intliziyo yethu isebenza njani ? Kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha le-asystole?

Ngalo lonke ixesha intliziyo yethu ibetha, kwenzeka ngamanyathelo amabini aphambili.

1. I-Systole: I-pulse encinci yombane eyenzeka ngaphakathi entliziyweni ibangela ukuba izihlunu zentliziyo zinciphe ngamandla. Oku kuncipha kuko okumpompa igazi lisuka entliziyweni emzimbeni wonke.

2. I-Diastole: Emva kokubetha kanye, izihlunu zentliziyo ziyaphumla. Oku kulapho amagumbi entliziyo azaliswa ligazi kwakhona, elungele ipompo elandelayo.

Kwi-asystole, umbane obangela i-systole ulahleka ngokupheleleyo. Kanye njengokuba i-water motor iyeka ukusebenza xa umbane ulahlekile, xa inkqubo yombane ilahlekile, intliziyo iyeka ukupompa ngokupheleleyo. Oku sikubiza ngokuba 'kukufa kweklinikhi'.

Zithini izizathu ze-asystole?

Kukho izizathu ezininzi zokuba intliziyo ingayeka ukusebenza ngequbuliso. Ezinye zezizathu eziphambili zezi:

• Ukopha kakhulu emzimbeni.
• Amanqanaba e-oxygen aphantsi kakhulu emzimbeni (i-Hypoxia).
• Ukungalingani kwetyuwa kunye ne-electrolyte emzimbeni.
• Uhlaselo lwentliziyo oluqatha.
• Ukuxhuzula kwemithambo yegazi.
• Izingqisho zentliziyo ezingaqhelekanga (iiArrhythmias), ingakumbi iimeko ezifana neVentricular Fibrillation (VF) kunye neVentricular Tachycardia (VT).
• Ingozi enkulu esifubeni okanye entliziyweni.
• Umothuko wombane.
• Ukusela amayeza athile, iityhefu, okanye iziyobisi ezifana ne-cocaine.

Inganyangwa njani le nto? Ngaba ingasindisa ubomi?

I-Asystole yimeko engxamisekileyo yezonyango apho yonke imizuzwana ibalulekile. Ukuba oku kwenzeka kumntu ongaphandle kwesibhedlele, eyona nto ibalulekileyo nekuphela kwayo onokuyenza kukuqalisa i-CPR (Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation) ngoko nangoko uze uqhubeke nayo de kufike uncedo lwezonyango. I-CPR efanelekileyo neqhubekayo inethuba elihle lokusindisa ubomi.

Ukuba ingaphakathi esibhedlele, amaqela ezonyango abonelela ngonyango olulandelayo.

Ngaba ukothuka (ukutshintsha kwe-defibrillation) akunakuyivuselela intliziyo?

Le yinto abantu abaninzi abayicinga ngempazamo emva kokubukela iimuvi. I-Asystole ayilohlobo 'lokungcangcazela'. Oko kukuthi, ukunika umntu onomgca othe tyaba i-electro shock (defibrillation) akuyi kuba nampembelelo. Enyanisweni, ukwenza njalo kunokwenza kube nzima ngakumbi ukuvuselela intliziyo.

Uxinzelelo lunikwa kuphela kwizingqisho ezingaqhelekanga, ezifana ne-Ventricular Fibrillation (VF), apho umsebenzi wombane wentliziyo uphazamiseka kwaye intliziyo ingcangcazela nje. Nangona kunjalo, nge-CPR elungileyo, ngamanye amaxesha intliziyo ekwimeko yokungashukumi ingaguqulwa ibe sisingqisho esingaqhelekanga. Yiyo loo nto i-CPR ilunyango oluphambili apha.

Ufanele ufune nini uncedo ngokukhawuleza?

Ukuba umntu okufutshane nawe ngequbuliso ufumana ezi mpawu zilandelayo, isenokuba kukuma kwentliziyo.

• Ngequbuliso ndalahlekelwa ziingqondo ndaza ndawa.
• Akaphefumli okanye akaphefumli kakhulu.
• Ukulahlekelwa yintliziyo entanyeni okanye esihlahleni.

Kwimeko enjalo, fowunela inkonzo ye-ambulensi yongxamiseko ngoko nangoko (umzekelo, 1919). Emva koko, qalisa i-CPR ngokukhawuleza. Nokuba awazi ukuba ungayenza njani i-CPR, ungoyiki. Igosa lenkonzo ye-ambulensi lingakufundisa indlela yokwenza i-CPR ngefowuni. Imizamo yakho inethuba elikhulu lokusindisa ubomi. Isigulana kufuneka sisiwe kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (ETU) yesibhedlele ngoko nangoko.

Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba oku kwenzeke ngenxa yento enobuthi, ungafowunela iZiko loLwazi lweTyhefu leSizwe kwiSibhedlele sikaZwelonke saseColombo ngoko nangoko uze ucele ingcebiso.