Ngaba wakha wazibuza ukuba kuya kwenzeka ntoni ukuba "umkhosi" ongaphakathi emizimbeni yethu, omele ukuba usikhusele kwizifo, ngamanye amaxesha uyaphambuka uze uqalise ukuhlasela amalungu ethu asempilweni? Yiloo nto imbi, kodwa eneneni eyahlukileyo esiza kuthetha ngayo namhlanje. Kule meko, inkqubo yethu yomzimba yokuzikhusela, umkhosi wokhuselo, uqala ukuhlasela isibindi sethu ngaphandle kwesizathu. Oku sikubiza ngokuba yi-Autoimmune Hepatitis kunyango.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-Autoimmune Hepatitis?
Khawuthelekelele ukuba kukho umkhosi okhusela ilizwe lethu. Umsebenzi walo mkhosi kuphela kukukhusela ilizwe kwiintshaba zangaphandle (oko kukuthi, iintsholongwane ezifana neentsholongwane kunye neebhaktheriya). Inkqubo yomzimba wethu yokuzikhusela injalo. Ihlala iphaphile, ikhangela kwaye itshabalalisa iintsholongwane ezingena emzimbeni.
Kodwa, kwi-Autoimmune Hepatitis, kwenzeka into engaqhelekanga kakhulu. Kukho into engalunganga kule nkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela ize ibone iiseli zethu zesibindi "njengotshaba." Emva koko lo mkhosi, okanye ii-antibodies, uqala ukuhlasela iiseli zethu zesibindi ezingenatyala kanye njengokuba uhlasela iintshaba zasemzini.
Xa isibindi sihlaselwa ngolu hlobo rhoqo, siyadumba size sivuvuke. Oku sikubiza ngokuba yi-hepatitis. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, lo monakalo unokwanda uze ubangele umonakalo omkhulu kwisibindi.
Into ebalulekileyo kukuba nangona kungekho nyango lupheleleyo loku, ngonyango olufanelekileyo, esi sifo sinokulawulwa kakuhle, sithintele ukonakala kwesibindi kwaye siphile ubomi obusempilweni. Kuphela xa singanyangwanga apho siba yingozi khona.
Esi asisosifo sixhaphakileyo. Izifundo zibonise ukuba phakathi kwabantu abali-10 ukuya kwabangama-50 kwi-100,000 nganye banesifo.
Ngaba kukho iintlobo eziphambili ze-autoimmune hepatitis?
Ewe, zimbini iintlobo eziphambili. Ezi ntlobo zimbini zahlulwa ngohlobo lwee-antibodies ezenziwa yinkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela komzimba. Oku kunzima kancinci, kodwa kulungile ukwazi ukuba ugqirha wakho uthetha ngako.
| Uhlobo | Ngubani ochaphazeleka kakhulu? | Ii-antibodies ezithile ezifanelekileyo |
|---|---|---|
| Uhlobo 1 | Olu lolona hlobo luxhaphakileyo. Lunokuvela nakubani na, kodwa luxhaphake kakhulu kubasetyhini abangaphantsi kweminyaka engama-40. | Ii-antibodies zemisipha ezigudileyo (anti-SMA) kunye nezinye. |
| Uhlobo 2 | Oku kunqabile kakhulu, kodwa kunokuba nzima ngakumbi kunohlobo lokuqala. Ngokuqhelekileyo kubonwa kwasebuntwaneni. | Ii-antibodies ze-anti-liver-kidney microsomal-1 (anti-LKM-1). |
Zithini iimpawu zesi sifo?
Into enye ngale nto kukuba ayinguye wonke umntu oneempawu. Usenokungazi nokuba unayo. Ugqirha wakho unokuyifumana ngengozi xa esenza uvavanyo lwegazi lwenye imeko. Kwabanye abantu, iimpawu zinokuvela emva kokuba ukusebenza kwesibindi kuqalile ukuchaphazeleka.
Ukuba ufumanisa iimpawu, into yokuqala onokuyiphawula kukudinwa okungachazekiyo. Ungaziva udiniwe nasemva kokulala imini yonke.
Ukongeza, unokubona ezi mpawu:
- Ukutyheli kolusu namehlo (i-Jaundice)
- Ukukrwela ulusu
- Ukubonakala kweentlobo ngeentlobo zezilonda zesikhumba
- Intlungu yamalungu
- Isisu esibuhlungu
- Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza
- Umnqweno wokutya
- Umchamo omnyama (njengombala wamanzi eti)
- Izihlalo ezingwevu okanye ezimthubi
Kutheni olu hlobo lwesifo lusenzeka?
Abaphandi abakayazi ukuba yintoni ebangela oku. Kodwa siyazi ukuba sisifo esibangelwa kukuzikhusela komzimba. Oko kuthetha ukuba sibangelwa yinto engalunganga kwinkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela komzimba. Kukho izinto ezininzi ekucingelwa ukuba zinegalelo koku:
- Utyekelo lwemfuza: Abanye abantu batyekelo lwemfuza lokufumana izifo zokuzikhusela komzimba. Oku kuthetha ukuba ukuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho onalo, nawe unokuba nethuba elincinci lokufumana olo tyekelo.
- Usulelo lwentsholongwane: Ukuba ukhe waba nosulelo lwentsholongwane olufana ne-Epstein-Barr, i-herpes, i-parvovirus B19, okanye i-hepatitis A, B, okanye i-C, "lunokuvuselela" inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela ize ibangele ukuba isebenze kakubi ngale ndlela.
- Izinto ezibangela imeko-bume: Iityhefu ezithile okanye ezinye iziganeko ezenzeka kwindawo-bume zinokubangela ukuba inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela isebenze kakhulu.
- Amanye amayeza:Amaxesha amaninzi, amayeza athile (umzekelo, i-nitrofurantoin, i-minocycline, kunye ne-atorvastatin) anokubangela le meko.
Kubaluleke kakhulu: Musa ukuyeka ngequbuliso ukusebenzisa naliphi na iyeza osele ulisebenzisa kuba nje ulibona eli yeza. Linokuba yingozi. Ukuba unamathandabuzo, thetha nogqirha wakho kuqala uze ulandele icebiso lakhe.
Ngaba i-Autoimmune Hepatitis iyosulela?
Hayi. Akunjalo konke konke. Esi asisosifo sisulelayo. Iintlobo zeHepatitis ezibangelwa ziintsholongwane ezifana neHepatitis A, B, kunye neC zinokudluliselwa komnye umntu ziye komnye. Kodwa iHepatitis ye-Autoimmune yinkqubo eyenzeka emzimbeni wethu. Ke ngoko, ukuba uchukumisa umntu onesi sifo, okanye wabelane ngokutya okanye ngokusela naye, awuyi kuyifumana nangayiphi na indlela le sifo.
Ngubani osengozini enkulu yokuhlaselwa sesi sifo?
Izifundo zibonise ukuba esi sifo sixhaphake kakhulu kubafazi. Kwizigulane ezili-10, ezisi-7 ngabafazi. Kwakhona, esi sifo sidla ngokuvela kubantu abaneminyaka ephakathi kwe-15 ne-40 ubudala.
Ukongeza, umntu osele enesinye isifo sokuzikhusela komzimba usengozini enkulu yokufumana i-Autoimmune Hepatitis.
| Ezinye izifo ezibangelwa yi-Autoimmune Diseases ezinxulumene ne-Autoimmune Hepatitis |
|---|
| Uhlobo loku-1 lweswekile |
| I-ulcerative colitis (izilonda emathunjini amakhulu) |
| Isifo seCeliac (i-allergy kwi-gluten) |
| I-Vitiligo (amabala amhlophe eluswini) |
| Isifo sikaSjögren (isifo esibangela amehlo nomlomo owomileyo) |
| Isifo seGraves (i-thyroid gland esebenza kakhulu) |
| Irheumatoid arthritis |
Zithini iingxaki ezinokubakho xa zinganyangwa?
Kulapho sonke kufuneka sigxile khona. Ukuba i-Autoimmune Hepatitis ayinyangwa ngokufanelekileyo, umonakalo kwisibindi unokwanda kancinci kancinci kwaye ukhokelele kwiingxaki ezinkulu.
- I-Cirrhosis: Xa isibindi sonakele ngokuhamba kwexesha, iiseli zesibindi ezisempilweni zithathelwa indawo yizicubu ezibomvu. Isibindi siba nzima njengelitye. Oku kusenza singakwazi ukwenza umsebenzi waso ngokufanelekileyo.
- Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwesibindi: Xa isifo sesibindi siba sibi kakhulu, isibindi sinokuyeka ukusebenza ngokupheleleyo. Oku kusongela ubomi.
- Umhlaza wesibindi: Abantu abane-cirrhosis basengozini enkulu yokuba nomhlaza wesibindi.
- Imithambo yeVaricose: Xa ukuhamba kwegazi esibindini kuthintelekile, uxinzelelo kwimithambo esesiswini nasesiswini luyanda kwaye ziyadumba. Ukuba ezi ziqhekeko ziyadumba, zinokubangela ukopha okukhulu.
- Ii-Ascites: Xa isibindi singasebenzi kakuhle, ulwelo luqala ukuqokelelana kwisisu.
Oogqirha bayixilonga njani le sifo?
Ukuba unale mpawu okanye ukuba uvavanyo ngesizathu esithile lubonisa ingxaki kwisibindi sakho, ugqirha wakho unokurhanela ukuba esi sifo sikhona. Inkqubo yokuxilonga ibandakanya amanyathelo aliqela.
1. Ukukubuza iinkcukacha: Ugqirha uza kukubuza imibuzo emininzi malunga neempawu zakho, nokuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho onale sifo, amayeza owasebenzisayo, nokuba uyasela utywala na.
2. Uvavanyo lomzimba: Amehlo nolusu lwakho luya kuhlolwa ukuba alunamthubi na (i-jaundice), isisu sakho siya kuhlolwa ukuba asinakudumba kwesibindi okanye i-spleen, ulwelo esiswini, kunye nemilenze evuvukileyo.
3. Uvavanyo olukhethekileyo: Kwenziwa uvavanyo oluninzi ukuqinisekisa isifo.
| Uvavanyo | Ubona ntoni kule nto? |
|---|---|
| Uvavanyo lwegazi | Qinisekisa ukuba akukho zifo zichaphazela isibindi, njenge-hepatitis ebangelwa yintsholongwane. |
| Uvavanyo lweMisebenzi yeSibindi | Jonga amanqanaba eeenzyme zesibindi sakho. Xa isibindi sonakele, ezi enzymes ziyaqokelelana egazini. |
| Uvavanyo lwe-antibody | Jonga igazi ukuze ubone ukuba kukho ii-antibodies ezithile (ezifana ne-anti-SMA, i-anti-LKM-1) ezihlasela iiseli zethu. |
| Iiskeni | I-ultrasound, i-CT scan, okanye i-MRI scan inokujonga imo, ubungakanani, kunye nokuba akukho monakalo kwisibindi. |
| Uvavanyo lwesibindi (uvavanyo lweqhekeza elincinci lesibindi) | Olu luvavanyo oluqinisekisa isifo i-100% yexesha. Iqhekeza elincinci kakhulu lesibindi lithathwa ngenaliti encinci lize lihlolwe phantsi kwemakroskopu. Oku kusenza sazi kakuhle ubukhali besifo. |
Zithini iindlela zonyango zoku?
Injongo ephambili yonyango kukulawula inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela esebenza kakhulu kunye nokuthintela umonakalo kwisibindi. Kusetyenziswa iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili zamayeza koku.
1. Ii-Corticosteroids
La ngamayeza e-steroid. Asebenza ngokunciphisa ukudumba emzimbeni ngokukhawuleza. Ugqirha wakho uza kukuqalisa ngedosi ephezulu aze anciphise idosi kancinci kancinci njengoko imeko yakho iphucuka. Amayeza aqhelekileyo asetyenziswayo yi- prednisone . Nangona oku kusebenza kakuhle kubantu abaninzi, kunokubangela ezinye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Kukho ezinye iindlela, ezifana ne -budesonide , kodwa azifanelekanga kubantu abane-cirrhosis.
2. Izinto ezithintela amajoni omzimba
Njengoko igama lisitsho, la mayeza asebenza ngokucinezela inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela, nto leyo ethetha ukuyicothisa. Angaqalwa ngexesha elinye nee-steroids, okanye anikwe emva kokuba idosi ye-steroid inciphisiwe. I-Azathioprine kunye neCellCept® zezona ziyobisi zisetyenziswa kakhulu.
Ngenxa yokuba zineziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezimbalwa kunee-steroids, zisetyenziswa njengonyango lokugcina ixesha elide. Kusenokufuneka uwathathe la mayeza rhoqo ebomini bakho.
Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukubona iziphumo zonyango?
Eyona njongo iphambili yonyango kukufumana uxolelo, oko kuthetha ukuba zonke iimpawu kunye neziphumo zovavanyo zibuyela kwisimo esiqhelekileyo. Oku kungathatha iinyanga okanye iminyaka ukufezekisa.
Ukuba isifo sele siphelile ubuncinane iminyaka emibini, ugqirha unokugqiba ekubeni ayeke amayeza. Nangona kunjalo, emva kokuyeka unyango, kukho ithuba lokuba isifo sibuye (siphinde sibuye). Malunga nama-50% abantu abaya ekuphulukaneni isifo baza kubuya baze baphinde baqale amayeza kwakhona.
Kwabanye abantu, esi sifo asipheli ngokupheleleyo ngamayeza. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, ugqirha uza kuzama ezinye iintlobo zamayeza. Amaxesha amaninzi, abanye abaguli basenokungaphenduli kwaphela kunyango. Ukuba isifo siba sibi kakhulu okanye kubekho iingxaki ezinkulu, ukhetho lokugqibela lunokuba kukufakelwa isibindi .
Linjani ikamva lomntu ophila nesi sifo?
Le yingxaki abantu abaninzi abanayo. Inyaniso kukuba, ukuba asinyangwa, esi sifo siyingozi. Ukuba asinyangwa, malunga nama-50% ezigulana ziyafa kwisithuba seminyaka emi-5.
Kodwa, ngonyango olufanelekileyo, imeko yahluke ngokupheleleyo. Ama-91% abo bafumana unyango basaphila emva kweminyaka eli-10. Ama-70% basaphila emva kweminyaka engama-20. Oko kuthetha ukuba ngonyango, ungaphila ubomi obunempumelelo kakhulu, obuhlala ixesha elide.
Ukuphila nesifo esinganyangekiyo esifana nesi kunokuba nzima ngokweemvakalelo. Kodwa ngokuqaphela iindlela zonyango lwakho kunye nokusebenzisana ngokusondeleyo nogqirha wakho, unokulawula impilo yakho. Unyango olunolwazi noluzinikeleyo yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuphucula ikamva lakho.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Autoimmune Hepatitis sisifo apho inkqubo yakho yomzimba yokuzikhusela ihlasela isibindi sakho. Ayibangelwa yintsholongwane kwaye ayosuleli ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye.
- Ukudinwa okungachazwanga kunye ne-jaundice ziimpawu eziqhelekileyo, kodwa abanye abantu basenokungabi nazo kwaphela iimpawu.
- Nangona kungekho nyango lupheleleyo loku, amayeza anokulawula esi sifo kakuhle aze athintele umonakalo ongakumbi kwisibindi.
- Unyango luthatha ixesha elide. Ungaze uyeke ukuthatha amayeza akho okanye utshintshe umthamo ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha wakho.
- Ngonyango olufanelekileyo noluqhubekayo, ungaphila ubomi obude, obusempilweni, nobonwabisayo ngesi sifo.
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