Ngaba wena okanye umntu omaziyo wakhe wafuna ukunikela ngegazi? Mhlawumbi ngexesha lotyando olukhulu okanye xa kukho imeko engxamisekileyo, kufuneka sinikele ngegazi. Oku sikubiza ngokuba yiBlood Transfusion. Nangona kunokubonakala kuyoyikisa kancinci xa uyijonga kuqala, le yinto ebaluleke kakhulu eyenziwayo ukusindisa ubomi. Ngoko ke masifunde yonke into ngayo namhlanje.
Kwenzeka ntoni ngaphambi kokuba kunikelwe ngegazi?
Xa ugqiba ekubeni unikele ngegazi, oogqirha kunye nabahlengikazi baza kuqala bathathe igazi kuwe baze bafumanise ukuba loluphi uhlobo lwegazi lakho. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu. Kuba ufuna ukunika uhlobo lwegazi oluhambelana kakhulu nawe. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba kufuneka unikele ngegazi ngokukhawuleza, njengakwimeko engxamisekileyo, kukho amaxesha apho kusetyenziswa uhlobo lwegazi "O negative", olunokunikwa wonke umntu.
Ukongeza, uza kucelwa ukuba unike imvume yakho enolwazi ngaphambi kokuba ufumane olu nyango. Oku kuthetha ukuba kuya kufuneka utyikitye uxwebhu oluchaza oko kuza kwenzeka, iingenelo, iingozi, kunye nezinye iindlela. Kodwa khawucinge, kwimeko efana nomntu ongekho zingqondweni emva kwengozi, akukho ndlela yokufumana le mvume. Kwimeko enjalo, abasebenzi bezonyango baza kuzama ukunxibelelana nezalamane zakho.
Kwenzeka ntoni xa unikela ngegazi?
Inkqubo yokunikela ngegazi inzima kakhulu. La ngamanyathelo adla ngokwenzeka.
| Amanyathelo | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| 1. Ukujonga ubunzima | Ubunzima bakho bulinganiswa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba umzimba wakho udinga igazi elingakanani. |
| 2. Ukujonga Iimpawu Ezibalulekileyo | Ubushushu bakho, izinga lokubetha kwentliziyo, kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi kuya kuhlolwa. Oku kuya kuhlolwa amaxesha amaninzi ngexesha lokunikezelwa kwegazi. |
| 3. Ukubeka umgca we-IV engalweni | Ityhubhu encinci iya kufakwa kumthambo osengalweni yakho. Le tyhubhu iya kudibana nengxowa yegazi. Usenokuziva iintlungu ezincinci xa ityhubhu ifakwa. Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba sele une-catheter yemithambo ephakathi kumthambo omkhulu ukuze ufumane olunye unyango, unokunikwa igazi ngaloo nto. |
| 4. Ukuqala ukunikela ngegazi | Okokuqala, igazi linikwa kancinci kakhulu. Oku kwenzelwa ukubona ukuba liyawufanela na umzimba wakho kwaye kukho naziphi na iingxaki. Ngeli xesha, umongikazi uza kukubuza ukuba unomkhuhlane, ugodola, okanye ubunzima bokuphefumla. Ukuba yonke into ihamba kakuhle, ukuhamba kwegazi kuya kunyuka kancinci. |
| 5. Qhubeka nokubeka esweni | Iimpawu zakho ezibalulekileyo ziya kuhlolwa kwakhona ngelixa unikela ngegazi. Uza kubuzwa rhoqo ukuba uziva njani. Ukuba une-reaction enzulu, utofelo-gazi luya kuyekiswa ngoko nangoko kwaye lunyangwe. |
| 6. Ukuphela ngegazi | Xa ingxowa yegazi igqityiwe, ityhubhu esesandleni sakho iyasuswa. Emva koko, iimpawu zakho ezibalulekileyo ziyajongwa kwaye ubuzwa ukuba uziva njani. |
Kuza kuthatha ixesha elingakanani oku?
Ixesha elithathwayo ukuze oku kwenzeke liyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwegazi elinikelwayo.
- Ukuba unikela ngeeseli ezibomvu zegazi okanye igazi elipheleleyo, kudla ngokuthatha malunga neeyure ezimbini ukuya kwezine .
- Ukuba unika into efana neplasma okanye iiplatelets, ikhawuleza nangakumbi. Ingathatha malunga neyure .
Wenza ntoni xa ugqibile ukunikela ngegazi?
Emva kokunikela ngegazi, ugqirha uza kukuchazela into omawuyenze ukuba une-allergies okanye ezinye iziphumo. Ukuba awudingi naluphi na olunye unyango, uya kukwazi ukuya ekhaya kungekudala emva koko. Uya kucetyiswa ukuba uphumle iiyure ezingama-48 ezilandelayo .
Ingalo apho ityhubhu ifakwe khona isenokuba buhlungu kancinci. Ukuyifaka emanzini abandayo nokugcina ingalo yakho iphakanyisiwe okwethutyana kunokunceda.
Zithini iingenelo zokunikela ngegazi?
Ngamafutshane, ukunikela ngegazi kunokusindisa ubomi.
Ukuba ulahlekelwe ligazi elininzi ngenxa yotyando olukhulu okanye ingozi enkulu, ukunikela ngegazi kunokusindisa ubomi bakho. Likwasetyenziswa njengonyango lweengxaki ezithile zegazi kunye neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zomhlaza.
Zithini iingozi zokunikela ngegazi?
Ukunikela ngegazi ngokuqhelekileyo yinkqubo ekhuselekileyo kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, njengakwezinye iinkqubo zonyango, kukho iingozi ezithile. Kodwa khumbula, ugqirha wakho uya kukucebisa kuphela ukuba unikele ngegazi ukuba iingenelo zingaphezulu kakhulu kuneengozi.
Ezi zezinye zeengozi ezinokubakho.
| Umngcipheko | Kwenzeka ntoni ngale nto? |
|---|---|
| Ukusabela kwi-Allergic | Inkqubo yakho yokuzikhusela yomzimba inokusabela kwezinye zezinto ezisegazini ozifumana ngaphandle. Usenokuba neempawu ezincinci ezifana nokurhawuzelelwa lusu kunye namaqhuqhuva. Amaxesha amaninzi, usenokuba neempawu ezibi kakhulu zokunganyamezelani ezifana nobunzima bokuphefumla, ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza, kunye nokuhlanza. |
| Ukufakelwa kwe-Alloimmunization | Oku kunokwenzeka kubantu abafumana igazi rhoqo. Ngalo lonke ixesha ufumana igazi, umzimba wakho uqala ukwenza ii-antibodies ezichasene negazi elitsha. Njengoko ezi antibodies ziqokelelana, kuba nzima ukufumana igazi elifanelana nawe kwixesha elizayo. |
| Ifiva | Umkhuhlane kunye nokubanda kunokwenzeka njengoko ii-antibodies zakho zisabela kwiiseli ezimhlophe zegazi egazini elitsha. Ukuba umkhuhlane wakho uhamba nentlungu yesifuba kunye nesicaphucaphu, oko kungaba luphawu lwesifo esinzulu. |
| Impendulo yoTyalelo lweHemolytic | Oku kunqabile, kodwa kuyingozi kakhulu. Oku kunokwenzeka ukuba uhlobo lwegazi lakho kunye nohlobo lwegazi olifumanayo azifani ncam. Kulapho amajoni akho omzimba eqala ukutshabalalisa iiseli ezibomvu zegazi emzimbeni wakho. Iimpawu ziquka iintlungu zesifuba, umkhuhlane, ukubanda, umchamo omnyama kunye nentlungu yomqolo. |
| I-Purpura emva kokufakelwa igazi | Kulapho ii-antibodies eziveliswa emzimbeni wakho zitshabalalisa iiplatelets egazini lakho. Oku kunokubangela ukopha kakhulu. Iimpawu ezinje ngokugruzuka kwesikhumba, ukopha kweentsini, kunye nokopha ngeempumlo zinokuvela emva kweentsuku ezi-5-12 emva kokunikela ngegazi. |
| Umthwalo ogqithisileyo wokujikeleza kwegazi | Oku kunokwenzeka kubantu abanesifo sentliziyo okanye isifo sezintso. Le meko yenzeka xa umzimba ungakwazi ukumelana nolwelo olungaphezulu oluvela ekunikeleni ngegazi. Ubunzima bokuphefumla nokukhohlela zezona mpawu ziphambili. |
| Usulelo oluthwalwa ngegazi | Oku akwenzeki rhoqo ngoku, kuba yonke ingxowa yegazi elinikelweyo ivavanywa ngokungqongqo ukuze kujongwe izifo ezahlukeneyo (ezifana ne-HIV kunye ne-hepatitis). |
Ukuba unale mpawu, fowunela ugqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza.
Iimpendulo xa kunikelwa ngegazi zinokwenzeka ngexesha lokunikela, ngosuku olulandelayo, okanye emva kweenyanga. Ukuba ufumana naziphi na kwezi mpawu zilandelayo, xelela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
- Ukopha, iintlungu, okanye ukudumba okutsha kwindawo yokufaka ityhubhu
- Ulusu olubandayo, umkhuhlane, okanye ukubanda
- Umchamo omnyama okanye obomvu
- Ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza, iintlungu zesifuba, ubunzima bokuphefumla
- Intloko ebuhlungu okanye isiyezi
- Isicaphucaphu okanye ukuhlanza
- Ukurhawuzelela kwesikhumba, ukurhawuzelela
- Intlungu ebuhlungu yomqolo
- Ukudumba kwemilebe, ulwimi, okanye ubuso
Ndingala na ukutsalwa igazi?
Ewe. Njengakweminye imithi, unelungelo lokwala igazi. Kwimeko enjalo, ugqirha uza kukubuza isizathu. Uza kukuchazela nokuba kutheni ecebisa olu nyango kunye nokuba yintoni enokwenzeka ukuba awulwenzi. Eli lithuba elihle lokuba woyise uloyiko lwakho kunye namathandabuzo, ubuze imibuzo, kwaye uzive uqinisekile kwisigqibo sakho.
Igazi yinto ebalulekileyo ebomini bethu. Ukunikela ngegazi lunyango oluxabisekileyo olunokusindisa ubomi bomntu. Ngoko ke, ungabi namibuzo okanye amathandabuzo malunga noku. Buza ugqirha wakho nantoni na uze ufumane impendulo. Emva koko uya kuba nokuqonda kakuhle le nkqubo kwaye uzive ukhululekile.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Utofelo-gazi lunyango olubaluleke kakhulu olusetyenziselwa ukusindisa ubomi ngexesha lotyando, iingozi, kunye neemeko ezithile zempilo.
- Abasebenzi bezonyango baza kukubeka esweni ngokusondeleyo kulo lonke eli xesha.
- Nangona iingozi ezincinci zinokwenzeka, azixhaphakanga kakhulu, kwaye oogqirha bacebisa ukuba zisetyenziswe kuphela xa iingenelo zonyango zingaphezulu kakhulu kuneengozi.
- Emva kokunikela ngegazi, ukuba ufumana naziphi na iimpawu ezingaqhelekanga (ezifana nomkhuhlane, ukurhawuzelela, ubunzima bokuphefumla), kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazisa ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
- Ukuba unamathandabuzo okanye imibuzo malunga noku, ungaze ungathandabuzi ukuxoxa ngako nogqirha wakho.
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