Mhlawumbi emva kotyando olukhulu okanye ingozi enkulu, ugqirha ukuxelele ukuba, "Ndifuna ukunikela ngegazi." Kuqhelekile ukuba uzive usoyika kwaye unexhala xa usiva la mazwi. "Owu, ndiza kunika igazi lomnye umntu? Ingaba likhuselekile? Ngaba kukho naziphi na iingxaki?" Izinto ezinjalo zinokufika engqondweni. Kodwa ukunikela ngegazi ngokwenene yindlela eqhelekileyo nekhuselekileyo kunyango lwanamhlanje. Ngoko ke, masifumane iimpendulo kuyo yonke imibuzo onayo malunga noku namhlanje.
Yintoni kanye kanye into yokutofelwa igazi?
Ngamafutshane, ukunikela ngegazi kuthetha ukubuyisela igazi okanye inxalenye yegazi elahlekileyo emzimbeni wakho ngenxa yokugula okanye ingozi.
Cinga ngegazi lethu njengengqokelela yezinto ezininzi. Linamacandelo amane aphambili:
- Iiseli zegazi ezibomvu: Ezi zezona zithwala ioksijini emizimbeni yethu.
- Iiseli zegazi ezimhlophe: Ezi ziiseli zokuzikhusela zomzimba wethu ezilwa nezifo kunye neentsholongwane ezingena emizimbeni yethu.
- Iiplatelets: Ezi seli zincinci zinceda ekumiseni ukopha xa kukho ukwenzakala.
- Iplasma: Le yinxalenye yolwelo egazini. Zonke iiseli ezikhankanyiweyo apha ngasentla ziyadada kuyo. Ikwanazo neeproteni ezinceda ekuqhekekeni kwegazi.
Ngaphambili, xa kufikwa ekunikeleni ngegazi, igazi elipheleleyo lalinikwa rhoqo. Kodwa ngoku, ngenxa yeteknoloji ephucukileyo, oogqirha bajonga ukuba leliphi ilungu lomzimba wakho elisweleyo . Emva koko bakunika kuphela inxalenye efunekayo. Umzekelo, ukuba uneeseli ezibomvu zegazi ezisezantsi, unganika kuphela elo candelo. Ukuba uneeplatelet ezisezantsi, unganika kuphela elo candelo. Oku kunokunciphisa iingxaki ezininzi ezingafunekiyo.
Kutheni kufuneka sinikele ngegazi?
Kukho izizathu ezahlukeneyo zokuba kutheni kufuneka unikele ngegazi. Makhe sijonge ezona zizathu ziphambili.
| Isizathu | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Utyando olukhulu okanye iingozi ezinzulu | Ngexesha lotyando okanye ingozi enkulu, igazi elininzi linokulahleka emzimbeni. Loo mthamo wegazi onciphileyo kufuneka utshintshwe. |
| Ukopha kwindlela yokugaya ukutya | Ukuba ukopha kuvela kwindlela yokugaya ukutya ngenxa yeemeko ezifana nezilonda zesisu okanye ezinye izizathu, kuya kufuneka kutshintshwe inani legazi elinciphileyo ngelixa kulawuleka. |
| Izifo ezibangela i-anemia | Kwiimeko zomhlaza, ezifana ne-leukemia, kunye nesifo sezintso, ukuveliswa kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi ezisempilweni emzimbeni kuyehla. Igazi linikwa njengonyango lwe-anemia ebangelwa yiyo. |
| Unyango lomhlaza | Unyango olufana ne-radiation okanye i-chemotherapy lunokonakalisa umongo wethambo, ovelisa iiseli zegazi. Ke ngoko, ukuba kukho ukuncipha kweeseli zegazi, igazi liyanikwa. |
| Izifo zegazi kunye nezifo zesibindi | Ezinye izifo zegazi ezizuzwa njengelifa (umz. i-thalassemia) kunye nezifo zesibindi ezinzulu nazo zisenokufuna utofelo-gazi rhoqo. |
Masifunde ngeentlobo zegazi kunye nokuhambelana kwazo.
Lo ngumbuzo omkhulu abantu abaninzi abanawo. "Ndinganikela ngegazi kuye nabani na?" Impendulo ithi, "Hayi." Xa ufumana igazi, igazi olifumanayo kufuneka lilingane ngqo nohlobo lwakho lwegazi.
Iindidi zethu zegazi ikakhulu zine: A, B, AB, kunye no-O. Ukongeza, kukho enye into ebizwa ngokuba yi-Rh factor . Ngokuxhomekeke koku, uhlobo lwegazi lakho lunokuba yi-positive (+) okanye i-negative (-). (Umzekelo: A+, O-, B+).
Khawucinge ukuba iiseli zakho zegazi zinesitshixo esikusebenzelayo. Iiseli zegazi ozinikelayo kufuneka zibe nesitshixo esifanayo. Ukuba isitshixo siyatshintsha, inkqubo yomzimba wakho yokuzikhusela iya kuqonda iiseli zegazi ezintsha njengotshaba ize iqale ukuzihlasela. Le yimeko eyingozi.
Yingakho amaziko afana neNational Blood Transfusion Service eSri Lanka evavanya ngokungqongqo uhlobo lwegazi, i-Rh factor, kunye nezifo ezahlukeneyo zomntu ngamnye onikela ngegazi.
- Uhlobo lwegazi O: Umntu onohlobo lwegazi O ubizwa ngokuba " nguMnikeli weHlabathi.""Kwimeko engxamisekileyo, ukuba akukho xesha lokufumanisa uhlobo lwegazi oluchanekileyo, igazi elibi (O-) linokunikwa nabani na."
- Uhlobo lwegazi lwe-AB: Umntu onohlobo lwegazi lwe-AB ubizwa ngokuba " ngumamkeli oqhelekileyo ." Oku kuthetha ukuba angafumana igazi kulo naluphi na uhlobo lwegazi.
Indlela eyenzeka ngayo umnikelo wegazi kunye neengxaki ezinokubakho
Ukunikela ngegazi kudla ngokwenziwa esibhedlele okanye ekliniki. I-cannula encinci ifakwa emthanjeni osengalweni yakho, apho kuqhagamshelwa khona ingxowa yegazi. Le nkqubo ingathatha phakathi kweyure e-1 ukuya kwezi-4. Ugqirha okanye abasebenzi bomongikazi baya kukujonga ngeli xesha.
Akukho mngcipheko ke ngoko?
Ukunikela ngegazi ngokuqhelekileyo kukhuselekile kakhulu . Nangona kunjalo, njengakwezinye iinkqubo zonyango, kukho iingxaki ezingaqhelekanga ezinokwenzeka. Musa ukoyika, into ebalulekileyo kukwazi ezi zinto.
- Umkhuhlane: Kuqhelekile ukuba nomkhuhlane omncinci kangangeeyure ezimbalwa emva kokunikela ngegazi. Ixesha elininzi, oku akuyonto imbi kangako. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba unomkhuhlane kunye nesicaphucaphu okanye iintlungu zesifuba , xelela ugqirha okanye umongikazi wakho ngoko nangoko .
- Iimpendulo ze-Allergic: Ngamanye amaxesha, nokuba utofelwe igazi elihambelanayo, umzimba wakho unokuba nempendulo ye-allergic encinci kulo. Oku kunokubangela ukurhawuzelela, amaqhuqhuva, okanye ezinye iimpawu. Oku kwenzeka rhoqo ngexesha okanye emva kokotofelwa igazi.
- Iimpendulo zoMzimba: Ezi zizifo ezingaqhelekanga kakhulu , kodwa zinzima kakhulu.
- I-Acute Immune Hemolytic Reaction: Kulapho umzimba wakho uhlasela khona iiseli ezibomvu zegazi ezinikelweyo. Le yingxamiseko yezonyango. Iimpawu ziquka umkhuhlane, ukubanda, isicaphucaphu, iintlungu esifubeni okanye emqolo ongezantsi, kunye nomchamo omnyama.
- I-Hemolytic Reaction eLibazisekileyo: Oku kufana nokungasentla, kodwa iimpawu zibonakala kancinci, emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa.
- Izifo Ezibangelwa Yigazi: Le yinto abantu abaninzi abayoyikayo. Kodwa inyani yile, namhlanje, umngcipheko uphantsi kakhulu kuba abanikeli begazi kunye nabafumana igazi bahlolwa ngokungqongqo.
- Umthwalo wesinyithi ogqithisileyo/iHemochromatosis: Oku akwenzeki kumntu ofumene igazi kube kanye kuphela. Izigulana ezifumana igazi rhoqo, kangangeminyaka emininzi (umz., izigulana ezine-thalassemia), zinokuba namanqanaba aphezulu esinyithi emizimbeni yazo. Oku kunokuchaphazela intliziyo nesibindi.
- Isifo se-graft-versus-host: Esi sisifo esingaqhelekanga kakhulu.Kodwa yingxaki enokuba yingozi. Oku kwenzeka xa iiseli zegazi ezimhlophe egazini elinikelweyo zihlasela umongo wethambo lomguli. Oku kunokwenzeka ngakumbi kwizigulana ezineenkqubo zomzimba ezibuthathaka kakhulu.
- Utofelo-gazi luyindlela eqhelekileyo, esindisa ubomi, kwaye ngokubanzi ikhuselekile kakhulu.
- Unikwa kuphela izinto ezifunekayo emzimbeni wakho (umz. iiseli ezibomvu zegazi, iiplatelets).
- Lonke igazi elinikelweyo livavanywa ngokungqongqo ukuqinisekisa ukuba liyahambelana nohlobo lwegazi lakho kwaye alinazo izifo ezahlukeneyo. Ke ngoko, umngcipheko wokudlulisela usulelo uphantsi kakhulu.
- Ukuba ufumana naziphi na iimpawu ezingaqhelekanga ezifana nomkhuhlane, ukurhawuzelela, ukuphefumla okufutshane, okanye iintlungu zesifuba ngexesha okanye emva kokunikela ngegazi, yazisa ugqirha wakho okanye abasebenzi bomongikazi ngokukhawuleza ngaphandle kokulibazisa .
- Ukuba usenemibuzo malunga noku, ungoyiki ukubuza ugqirha wakho. Lilungelo lakho.
Ngokwezifundo ezenziwe kumazwe aphuhlileyo, umngcipheko wokufumana isifo esifana ne-HIV ngokutofelwa igazi umalunga nesigidi esinye kwizigidi ezibini. Oko kungaphantsi kokubethwa ngumbane. Umngcipheko wokufumana izifo ezifana ne-Hepatitis B kunye ne-C uphantsi kakhulu ngokufanayo.
Musa ukoyika ngezi ngozi. Khumbula, ugqirha ugqiba ekubeni akunike igazi kuba ingozi yokunganikeli igazi ingaphezulu kakhulu kwale ngozi incinci yokunika igazi .
💬 Comments (0)
Akukho zimvo zithunyelweyo okwangoku. Faka uluvo lwakho apha okokuqala.
Faka uluvo lwakho