Sonke sivile ngetyhefu yokutya, akunjalo? Ngamanye amaxesha siyagula ngenxa yokutya ukutya okusemathinini okanye ukutya okungaphekwanga kakuhle. Kodwa ubusazi na ukuba ezi zinto zinokubangela imeko eyingozi kakhulu, nesongela ubomi? Namhlanje sithetha ngemeko engaqhelekanga, kodwa ebaluleke kakhulu ekufuneka siyiqaphele. Yiyo loo nto i-botulism.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-botulism?
I-Botulism sisifo esibi kakhulu, kodwa esingaqhelekanga. Sibangelwa yintsholongwane ebizwa ngokuba yi -'Clostridium botulinum' . Le ntsholongwane ivelisa ityhefu enamandla kakhulu, oko kukuthi , ityhefu . Le tyhefu ihlasela inkqubo yemithambo-luvo yomzimba wethu. Le tyhefu isebenza ngokungathi 'ifinyeza' 'inkqubo yokuxhuma' emzimbeni wethu. Ngenxa yoko, izihlunu zethu ziqala ukulahlekelwa ngamandla, oko kukuthi, ukukhubazeka. Ukuba ayinyangwa ngexesha, oku kunokuba yingozi.
Ngokubanzi sithetha ngeentlobo ezintathu eziphambili ze-botulism:
1. I-botulism yokutya: Le yeyona ndlela ixhaphakileyo. Le meko yenzeka xa usitya ukutya okungcoliswe yintsholongwane ethi `Clostridium botulinum`. Le ngozi iphezulu kakhulu xa ukutya okufakwe emakhanini ekhaya okungacocwanga kakuhle.
2. I-Wound botulism: Olu hlobo lwenzeka xa le bhaktiriya ingena enxebeni emzimbeni wakho ize iqale ukuvelisa ityhefu ngaphakathi enxebeni.
3. I-botulism yosana: Olu luhlobo lwe-botulism oluchaphazela abantwana abangaphantsi konyaka omnye ubudala. Ukuba umntwana utya into equlethe ii-spores zale bhaktiriya, njengobusi, ii-spores zinokukhula zibe yibhaktiriya emathunjini omntwana kwaye zivelise ityhefu.
Ngaphandle kwezi, kukho nezinye iintlobo ezininzi, kodwa azixhaphakanga kakhulu.
Zithini iimpawu zale meko iyingozi?
Iimpawu ze-botulism zinokwahluka kancinci ngokuxhomekeke kwindlela ityhefu engene ngayo emzimbeni. Nangona kunjalo, ngokubanzi, ezi ziimpawu ezinxulumene nenkqubo yemithambo-luvo, ngoko ke kufuneka uziqaphele.
Iimpawu ze-botulism ezifumaneka ekutyeni
Iimpawu zingaqala emva kweeyure ezimbalwa emva kokutya ukutya okungcolileyo, okanye ngamanye amaxesha emva kweeveki ezimbini.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba ezi mpawu zisasazeka ukusuka phezulu ukuya ezantsi komzimba. Kwaye zichaphazela amacala omabini omzimba ngokulinganayo. Kodwa akukho ndindisholo, kukho ubuthathaka bemisipha kuphela.
Masiziqonde ngokucacileyo ezi mpawu kwitheyibhile engezantsi.
| Uphawu | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Iimpawu zesigaba sokuqala | Izinto ezinje ngentlungu yesisu, isicaphucaphu okanye ukuhlanza, kunye nokudumba. |
| Umbono ofipheleyo/umbono ophindwe kabini | Ubuthathaka kwimisipha yamehlo bunokubangela ukuba iliso libone izinto ezimbini ezifanayo. |
| Ijwabu eligobileyo (i-Ptosis) | Izihlunu ezilawula iinkophe zibuthathaka, kwaye amehlo azama ukuvala, ngokungathi alele. |
| Ubunzima bokuthetha (iDysarthria) | Ngenxa yokuba izihlunu zolwimi nomlomo zibuthathaka, amagama ayaxaka kwaye akunakwenzeka ukuthetha kakuhle. |
| Ubunzima bokuginya (i-Dysphagia) | Izihlunu zomqala ezibuthathaka zenza kube nzima ukuginya nokuba lincinci kangakanani na isaliva. |
| Ubuthathaka bemisipha yobuso | Ubuso abunakubonakalisa naziphi na iimvakalelo, buhlala bufana. |
| Xa isifo sisiya siba sibi | |
| Ubunzima bokuphefumla (i-Dyspnea) | Olu lolona phawu luyingozi kakhulu. Izihlunu esifubeni nasesiswini ezikunceda uphefumle ziyaphelelwa ngumsebenzi wazo. |
| Ukuqhinwa | Umsebenzi wamathumbu uyayeka kwaye isitulo asinakukhutshwa. |
| Ubuthathaka obukhulu kwimilenze | Izihlunu ezingalweni nasemilenzeni ziba buthathaka, nto leyo eyenza kube nzima ukuhamba okanye ukuphakamisa ingalo. |
Umahluko kwi-botulism ethwalwa ngamanxeba
Oku kuquka neempawu ze-neurological ezikhankanyiweyo apha ngasentla, kodwa kukho umahluko omncinci.
- Ekuqaleni, akukho ngxaki esiswini kuba ityhefu iphuma ngaphakathi kwenxeba, kungekhona kwindlela yokugaya ukutya.
- Umkhuhlane unokubakho. Umkhuhlane unokubakho ngenxa yosulelo olusenxebeni.
- Iimpawu zithatha ixesha elide ukuba zivele, ngesiqhelo iveki enye ukuya kwezintathu.
Kubaluleke kakhulu: I-Botulism sisifo esingaqhelekanga. Kodwa ukuba wena okanye umntwana omnyamekelayo unesinye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu, yiphathe njengengxamiseko yezonyango. Yiya kwigumbi likaxakeka lesibhedlele elikufutshane (ETU) ngoko nangoko. Musa ukulibazisa.
Le ntsholongwane ingena njani emizimbeni yethu?
Iispores zebhaktiriya iClostridium botulinum zifumaneka emhlabeni jikelele. Ezi spores ziyakwazi ukumelana neemeko ezinzima. Kodwa xa zifumana indawo efanelekileyo, zi:
- Indawo ene-oxygen encinci okanye engenawo kwaphela umoya (njengangaphakathi kwetini, ngaphakathi ebhotileni)
- Indawo ene-asidi ephantsi
- Indawo eneswekile okanye ityuwa encinci
- Ukuba igcinwe ishushu ngaphezu kobushushu obuchaziweyo
...Ezi spores zijika zibe ziintsholongwane kwakhona, zikhule, zize ziqale ukuvelisa loo tyhefu iyingozi.
Ukutya: Le ngozi ikhona ukuba ii-pickle ezenziwe ekhaya, iijam, kunye neesosi azicocwanga kakuhle kwaye ziphekwe ngoxinzelelo kubushushu obufanelekileyo. Oku ngamanye amaxesha kunokwenzeka ngokutya okusemathinini okuthengiweyo evenkileni. Ukuba itini ibonakala idumbile okanye idumbile, inokuba luphawu lokusebenza kweebhaktheriya.
Amanxeba: Naliphi na inxeba linokungenisa la ma-spores eentsholongwane, afumaneka emhlabeni. Le ngozi iphezulu kakhulu kubantu abafaka iziyobisi. Inokwenzeka nangokwenzakala kwiingozi ezinzulu, ezifana namanxeba okudutyulwa.
Iintsana: Ekubeni inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela emathunjini eentsana ezingaphantsi konyaka omnye ubudala ingakakhuli ngokupheleleyo, ukuba ii-spores ezikwinto efana nobusi zingena emzimbeni, ziya kuqala ukuvelisa ityhefu emathunjini. Yiyo loo nto kuthiwa iintsana ezingaphantsi konyaka omnye ubudala azifanele zinikwe ubusi.
Isifo sichongwa kwaye sinyangwa njani?
Xa usiya esibhedlele, ugqirha uza kumamela ngononophelo iimpawu zakho. Uza kukubuza imibuzo malunga noko ukutyileyo kutshanje, njengokuthi ukhe watya nantoni na ekwikhonkrithi. Emva koko uza kuhlola umzimba wakho aze enze uvavanyo lwemithambo-luvo.
Uvavanyo lwelabhoratri lubalulekile ukuqinisekisa isifo. Indle yakho, igazi, okanye ukuhlanza kuya kuvavanywa ukuze kubonwe ukuba akukho tyhefu ekhoyo na.
Ugqirha wakho unokuyalela iimvavanyo ezifana ne -CT scan okanye i-MRI scan ukuze aqinisekise ukuba akukho zifo zineempawu ezifana neze-botulism, ezifana ne-stroke, i-meningitis, kunye ne-Guillain-Barré syndrome.
Iindlela zonyango
Injongo ephambili yokunyanga i-botulism kukuyicima ngokukhawuleza ityhefu emzimbeni nokuyeka iziphumo zayo ezisongela ubomi.
- I-antitoxin ye-Botulinum: Le yeyona chiza liphambili. Lifana neyeza lokulwa netyhefu. Libamba kwaye livale ityhefu ekhululekileyo emzimbeni.
- Inkxaso yokuphefumla: Ukuba izihlunu zokuphefumla ziyasilela, isigulana asikwazi ukuphefumla ngokwaso. Ngelo xesha, ziqhagamshelwe kumatshini wokuphefumla (i-ventilator) ukusindisa ubomi baso.
- Unyango lwenxeba: Ukuba imeko ibangelwe linxeba, inxeba liya kucocwa kakuhle ngotyando, kwaye kuya kunikwa amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane aseleyo, ngelixa kuya kunikwa amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane.
- Unyango olukhethekileyo lweentsana: Unyango olukhethekileyo olubizwa ngokuba yi -botulinum immune globulin (baby BIG) lunikwa iintsana ezincinci.
Ukuchacha kungathatha iinyanga ezininzi, kwaye ngeli xesha, kuya kufuneka ube phantsi kweliso loogqirha abaziingcali kunye nabasebenzi bonyango kwicandelo lokhathalelo oluphezulu lesibhedlele.
Asinakuzikhusela na kule nto?
Kakade ke kunokwenzeka! I-Botulism yimeko enokuthintelwa kakhulu. Kufuneka silumke kakhulu, ingakumbi xa kufikwa ekutyeni.
| Indlela yokuthintela | Kwenziwe ntoni |
|---|---|
| Ukhuseleko lokutya | |
| Ukugcina ukutya | Faka ukutya okuphekiweyo efrijini zingadlulanga iiyure ezimbini. Ukungakwenzi oko kunokubangela ukuba iintsholongwane zikhule. |
| Ukupheka kakuhle | Iintsholongwane zingabulawa ngokufudumeza kumaqondo obushushu angaphezu kwe-100 degrees Celsius (100°C) imizuzu eli-10. |
| Ukutya okusemathinini | Lahla iitini ezidumbileyo okanye ezidumbileyo ngaphakathi. Ukuba zinuka kakubi xa zivuliwe, ungaze uzitye. |
| Ukugcina ukutya ekhaya | Ukuba ufaka ukutya ebhotileni okanye ukufakela ebhotileni, landela iindlela ezifanelekileyo zokubulala iintsholongwane. Ukusebenzisa i-pressure cooker, ukufutha kwi-121 degrees Celsius (250°F) imizuzu engama-30 kulungile. |
| Ukhuseleko ekwenzakaleni | |
| Ukhathalelo lwenxeba | Hlamba naliphi na inxeba kakuhle ngesepha uze uligcine licocekile. Ukuba inxeba alipholi kwiintsuku ezimbalwa kwaye liqala ukubola, funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngokukhawuleza. |
| Okunye | Kuphephe ukusebenzisa iziyobisi ngokungekho mthethweni. Ukuba ufumana inaliti ye-Botulinum toxin ngeenjongo zokuhombisa, yifake kuphela ngugqirha onelayisenisi nofanelekileyo. |
Nangona i-botulism iyinto esimele siyoyike, singakhuseleka kakhulu ngokuyiqaphela nangokuyiqaphela. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba silumke xa sipheka kwaye sigcina ukutya. Ukuba ukhe waba nokuthandabuza oku, musa ukulibazisa ukuya kugqirha. Kuba unyango lwangethuba lunokusindisa ubomi.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Botulism sisifo esibi esichaphazela inkqubo yemithambo-luvo ebangelwa yityhefu eveliswa yibhaktheriya iClostridium botulinum.
- Iimpawu eziphambili kukubona kabini, ubunzima bokuthetha nokuginya, ukugoba kwamehlo, kunye nobunzima bokuphefumla.
- Ukuba unale mpawu, yingxamiseko yezonyango. Yiya kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) lesibhedlele ngoko nangoko.
- Kuphephe ukutya ukutya okusemathinini ekhaya, iitini ezivuvukileyo, nokutya okunevumba elibi. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukukupheka kakuhle ukutya.
- Kuphephe ukunika ubusi iintsana ezingaphantsi konyaka omnye ubudala nangasiphi na isizathu.
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