Ngaba unentloko ebuhlungu efika iphele, kwaye ingasabeli kumayeza aqhelekileyo? Okanye uziva ngathi ulahlekelwa yingqondo kwaye ubhala amazwi akho ngendlela engaqondakaliyo? Usenokuba uzibuza, "Owu, ngaba ndinesifo somhlaza wengqondo?" Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Uninzi lwexesha, ezi mpawu zinokubangelwa zezinye izizathu ezilula. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuqaphela izifo zomhlaza wengqondo. Ke namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngayo yonke into ngendlela elula kakhulu onokuyiqonda.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni ithumba lobuchopho?
Ngamafutshane, ithumba lobuchopho sisiqwenga seeseli ezingaqhelekanga ezenzeka ngaphakathi okanye zijikeleze ingqondo yethu. Ngokwesiqhelo, iiseli emzimbeni wethu ziyahlukana, zikhule, kwaye ekugqibeleni ziyafa ngendlela elawulwayo. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha le nkqubo iyaphazama. Emva koko iiseli ziqala ukwahlukana ngokukhawuleza ngaphandle kokulawulwa. Esi siqwenga songezelelweyo seeseli esiqokelelana ngale ndlela sibizwa ngokuba sisiqwenga.
Ezi nati zinokwahlulwa zibe ziintlobo ezimbini.
1. IiTumors ezingengomhlaza: Ezi azizo izifo zomhlaza.
2. Iintsholongwane Ezinobungozi: Ezi zizinto esizibiza ngokuba yiCancer.
Ukuze uqonde umahluko ochanekileyo phakathi kwezi zimbini, jonga itheyibhile engezantsi.
| Uphawu | Iithumba ezingenobungozi | Iithumba ezinobungozi/ezinomhlaza |
|---|---|---|
| Izinga lokukhula | Ihlala ikhula kancinci. | Ngokwesiqhelo ikhula ngokukhawuleza. |
| Usasazeko | Ayisasazeki kwizicwili ezingqongileyo. Ayihambi iye kwezinye iindawo zomzimba. | Ingasasazeka, ihlasele izicwili eziphilileyo ezingqongileyo. |
| Imida | Kukho imida ecacileyo. Kulula ukuyisusa ngotyando. | Akukho mida icacileyo. Isenokuba idibene nezicubu ezijikelezileyo. |
| Ukuphinda-phinda | Ukuba isusiwe ngokupheleleyo, amathuba okuba iphinde ivele aphantsi. | Nokuba unyango lukhona, amathuba okuba isifo siphinde sibuye ayanda. |
Into ebalulekileyo kukuba nokuba yithumba elingeyongozi, linokuba yingozi ngokuxhomekeke kwindawo elikuyo kunye nobukhulu balo engqondweni. Kuba indawo engqondweni incinci kakhulu. Njengoko ithumba likhula, linokucinezela iindawo ezibalulekileyo zobuchopho kwaye libangele iingxaki ezinkulu.
Kutheni ezi thumba zobuchopho zenzeka? Zithini izinto ezibangela umngcipheko?
Enyanisweni, kunzima ukucacisa unobangela ochanekileyo wethumba lobuchopho. Nangona kunjalo, izazinzulu zikholelwa ukuba le meko ibangelwa kukonakala kwezakhi zofuzo (i-DNA) kwiiseli zethu. Zininzi izizathu zalo monakalo wezakhi zofuzo eziye zachongwa.
- Ukuvezwa kwimitha: Umngcipheko wokuba neethumba zobuchopho kamva ebomini uphezulu, ingakumbi ukuba ufumene unyango lwemitha oluphezulu entloko ngexesha lobuntwana.
- Imbali yosapho: Abantu abaneentsapho ezineemeko ezithile ezingaqhelekanga zemfuza (ezifana neNeurofibromatosis) basengozini enkulu yokuba neethumba zobuchopho.
- Ubudala: Iithumba zobuchopho zixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-65 ukuya kwengama-79 ubudala. Nangona kunjalo, zinokukhula nakweyiphi na iminyaka.
- I-Chickenpox: Okumangalisayo kukuba, ezinye izifundo zifumanise ukuba abantu abakhe baba ne-chickenpox ngaxa lithile ebomini babo banomngcipheko omncinci wokuba nohlobo lomhlaza wobuchopho olubizwa ngokuba yi-glioma.
Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili zeethumba zobuchopho?
Kukho iintlobo ezingaphezu kwe-150 zeethumba zobuchopho. Zithiywe ngokweeseli apho ithumba liqala khona. Makhe sithethe ngezinye zeentlobo eziphambili.
Iithumba ezingenobungozi
- I-Meningioma: Olu lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lwethumba elingenabungozi. Luqala kwi-meninges, ii-membrane ezigubungela ingqondo kunye nomqolo.
- ISchwannoma: Ezi thumba, eziqala kwiiseli ezigubungela imithambo-luvo, zinokuvela ngakumbi kwimithambo-luvo edibanisa indlebe nengqondo (Acoustic Neuroma).
- I-Pituitary Adenoma: Ezi thumba zikhula kwi-pituitary gland, ekwindawo enzulu engqondweni. Ekubeni le gland ilawula uninzi lwee-hormone emzimbeni wethu, i-tumor inokuphazamisa ukusebenza kwee-hormone.
- I-Craniopharyngioma: Olu luhlobo lwethumba oluvela kwiiseli ezisele kwisigaba sokuzalwa kwaye ludla ngokuvela ebantwaneni nakubantu abakwiminyaka ephakathi.
Iintlobo zeethumba ezinobungozi
- I-Glioma: Olu hlobo lubangela malunga ne-78% yeethumba zobuchopho. Ziqala kwiiseli ezixhasa ingqondo (iiseli ze-glial).
- I-Astrocytoma: Olu lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lwe-glioma. Uhlobo oluyingozi nolukhula ngokukhawuleza kwezi yi -glioblastoma (GBM) .
- I-Ependymoma: Iifomyula ezikwii-ventricles ezivelisa ulwelo lwe-cerebrospinal.
- I-Medulloblastoma: Ezi zixhaphakile ebantwaneni. Zihlala zikhula kwinxalenye yengqondo elawula ibhalansi (i-cerebellum).
Zithini iimpawu zezi thumba?
Iimpawu zethumba lobuchopho zixhomekeke kwindawo kunye nobukhulu bethumba . Ngenxa yokuba iindawo ezahlukeneyo zobuchopho zilawula imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo emzimbeni, umsebenzi wethumba unokuphazamiseka.
Nazi ezinye zeempawu eziqhelekileyo.
- Intloko ebuhlungu: Intloko ebuhlungu kakhulu xa uvuka kusasa kwaye iba mandundu ngokuhamba kwexesha.
- Ukuxhuzula: Ukuqala ngequbuliso kokuxhuzula kumntu ongazange abe nokuxhuzula ngaphambili.
- Utshintsho kubuntu okanye kwindlela yokuziphatha: Ukucaphuka ngequbuliso, ukuphazamiseka, okanye ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo.
- Ubuthathaka kwelinye icala lomzimba: Ukuba ndindisholo, ubuthathaka, okanye ukuphelelwa yimvakalelo engalweni okanye emlenzeni.
- Ubunzima bokuthetha nokuqonda: ukungakwazi ukukhumbula igama elifanelekileyo, ukungakwazi ukuthetha kakuhle.
- Iingxaki zokubona: ukubona okufipheleyo, ukubona okuphindwe kabini.
- Iingxaki zokuva: Ukulahlekelwa kukuva okanye ukukhala rhoqo ezindlebeni (i-tinnitus).
- Iingxaki zokulinganisela: ukushukuma xa uhamba, isiyezi.
- Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza: Isicaphucaphu ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacileyo, ingakumbi kusasa.
Khumbula, ezi mpawu zinokubangelwa zezinye izifo ezininzi. Ngoko ke ungoyiki ukuba unesifo somhlaza wengqondo kuba nje unesinye okanye ezimbini kwezi. Kodwa ukuba unazo ezi mpawu, kusoloko kububulumko ukubona ugqirha ukuze akunike ingcebiso.
Yenziwa njani le nto yokuxilonga?
Xa ubona ugqirha, uza kuqala akubuze ngeempawu zakho, imbali yezonyango zosapho, aze enze uvavanyo lomzimba. Ngokukodwa, kuya kwenziwa uvavanyo lwemithambo-luvo ukujonga ibhalansi yakho, umbono, kunye nokusabela komzimba.
Ukuba kurhanelwa ukuba kukho umhlaza wobuchopho, kuyacetyiswa ukuba kwenziwe olunye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi vavanyo zilandelayo.
- I-MRI scan (Magnetic Resonance Imaging): Le yindlela engcono necacileyo yokuskena yokubona iithumba zobuchopho.
- I-CT Scan (i-Computed Tomography): Le isetyenziswa xa i-MRI ingenzeki.
- I-Biopsy: Xa ithumba lisuswa ngexesha lotyando, kwenziwa umngxuma omncinci ekhayeni kwaye kuthathwe iqhekeza elincinci kakhulu lesicubu kwithumba kusetyenziswa inaliti kwaye lihlolwe phantsi kwemakroskopu. Kuphela emva kolu vavanyo apho singazi khona ukuba ithumba alinabungozi okanye linobungozi, kwaye loluphi uhlobo.
- Ukubhaqwa Kweempundu: Olu vavanyo lwenziwa ukuba kukho amathandabuzo okuba ithumba lisasazeke kwiinwebu ezigqume ubuchopho.
Zeziphi iindlela zonyango ezikhoyo?
Indlela yonyango imiselwa ngokujonga izinto ezininzi, ezifana nohlobo lwethumba, ubungakanani balo, indawo elikuyo, kunye nempilo yakho iyonke.
1. Utyando: Unyango lokuqala ludla ngokuba lutyando lokususa ithumba. Ugqirha wemithambo-luvo uya kuzama ukususa ithumba elininzi kangangoko kunokwenzeka ngaphandle kokonakalisa ingqondo.
2. Unyango lweMisebe: Oku kuquka ukusebenzisa imisebe enamandla aphezulu (ii-X-ray, imisebe ye-gamma) ukutshabalalisa iiseli zomhlaza okanye ukumisa ukukhula kwazo. Ubuchwepheshe banamhlanje obufana ne-'Gamma Knife' bunokunciphisa umonakalo kwizicwili eziphilileyo ezingqongileyo.
3. Unyango lweKhemotherapy: Ukunika umzimba amayeza abulala iiseli zomhlaza. La mayeza anokunikwa njengeenaliti okanye iipilisi.
4. Unyango olujoliswe kulo kunye ne-Immunotherapy: Olu lonyango lwanamhlanje olujolise kutshintsho oluthile lwemfuza kwiiseli zomhlaza okanye oluvuselela inkqubo yethu yomzimba yokulwa nomhlaza.
Kwezinye iimeko, olunye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi ndlela zonyango kunokufuneka zisetyenziswe kunye. Ugqirha wakho uza kukuchazela konke oku.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ithumba lobuchopho kukukhula okungaqhelekanga kweeseli engqondweni okanye ezijikeleze ingqondo. Ezi zinokuba "zingenabungozi" okanye "zinobungozi" (zinomhlaza).
- Nangona ingumhlaza ongengobungozi, inokubangela iingxaki ezinkulu ngokuxhomekeke kwindawo ekuyo kunye nobukhulu bayo.
- Ukuba uneempawu ezifana neentloko ezibuhlungu ezingapheliyo, ukuxhuzula okuphindaphindiweyo, okanye ukuphelelwa zingqondo kwelinye icala lomzimba, musa ukoyika kwaye ubone ugqirha ngoko nangoko.
- Ii-MRI scans kunye novavanyo lwe-biopsy zibaluleke kakhulu ekuxilongweni.
- Namhlanje, kukho unyango olusebenzayo kakhulu olufana notyando, unyango lwemitha, kunye ne-chemotherapy. Ngoko ke, ukuxilongwa kwangoko kunye nonyango kunokuvelisa iziphumo ezilungileyo.
💬 Comments (0)
Akukho zimvo zithunyelweyo okwangoku. Faka uluvo lwakho apha okokuqala.
Faka uluvo lwakho