Ngaba kunzima ngokwenene ukulawula isifo sakho seswekile? Masithethe nge-'Brittle Diabetes'!

Ngaba unesifo seswekile? Ngamanye amaxesha, nokuba uzama kangakanani na, thatha amayeza anikwe ngugqirha wakho ngexesha, kwaye ulawule ukutya kwakho, amanqanaba eswekile egazini lakho aphakama kakhulu okanye aphantsi kakhulu ngequbuliso? Okanye ahla ngequbuliso ngendlela eyingozi? Ngaba oku kuphazamisa usuku lwakho lonke kwaye kudla ngokufuna ukulaliswa esibhedlele? Emva koko unokuba nesifo esikhethekileyo oogqirha abasibiza ngokuba yi "Brittle Diabetes." Musa ukoyika xa usiva oku. Masithethe ngayo yonke into ngokulula.

Ngamafutshane, yintoni isifo seswekile saseBrittle?

I-"Brittle Diabetes" ayilohlobo olutsha lwesifo seswekile. Ayilonto nje isemthethweni yokuxilongwa kwezonyango. Ngamafutshane, ligama elisetyenziselwa ukuchaza imeko enzima kakhulu, engagungqiyo yesifo seswekile ekunzima ukuyilawula. Igama elithi "brittle" lithetha "ukuphuka lula." Kwaye yiloo nto kanye le meko. Amanqanaba eglucose egazini ayatshintshatshintsha kancinci, ngequbuliso.

Kule meko, kukho iziqendu ezihlala zikho zokuba neswekile ephantsi egazini (hypoglycemia) kunye neswekile ephezulu egazini (hyperglycemia). Oku kunokubangela ukuba umntu alaliswe esibhedlele rhoqo. Oogqirha ngamanye amaxesha babiza oku ngokuthi "yi-labile diabetes".

Le meko ixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abanesifo seswekile sohlobo loku-1 . Nangona kunjalo, inokwenzeka nakubantu abanesifo seswekile sohlobo lwesibini, abaxhomekeke kwi-insulin injections. Rhoqo, esi sifo "seswekile esincinci" sibangelwa yenye imeko yezonyango okanye ingxaki yempilo yengqondo ukongeza kwisifo seswekile.

Kutheni kunzima kangaka ukulawula isifo seswekile? Zithini izizathu?

Ukulawula amanqanaba eswekile egazini yinkqubo enzima. Zininzi izinto ezichaphazela oku, kuquka ukutya esikutyayo, umthambo esiwenzayo, uxinzelelo, kunye notshintsho lwamahomoni. Uninzi lwabantu abanesifo seswekile bafunda ukulawula ezi zinto ngokuhamba kwexesha. Kodwa kwi-"brittle diabetes," indlela ezi ziphumo ezivela ngayo ayiqikelelwa. Yiyo loo nto amanqanaba eswekile egazini anokutshintshatshintsha ngequbuliso.

Izizathu zingahlulwahlulwa zibe ziindidi ezine eziphambili:

1. Ezinye iimeko zempilo emzimbeni.

2. Iingxaki zempilo yengqondo.

3. Ukwaluphala kunye nokulahlekelwa yinkumbulo.

4. Imiba ye-insulin kunye nokhuseleko lokutya.

Makhe sijonge nganye kwezi ngokwahlukeneyo.

1. Iimeko zomzimba ezihlala zikho kunye

Ezinye izifo zinokubangela utshintsho kwindlela umzimba osabela ngayo kwi-insulin (ukunganyamezelani ne-insulin), nto leyo eyenza kube nzima ukulawula amanqanaba eswekile egazini.

Iimeko ezibangela ukuba iswekile egazini inyuke rhoqo:

• Ukungalingani kwamahomoni: Izifo ezinxulumene namahomoni ezifana ne-hyperthyroidism (thyrotoxicosis), i-acromegaly, kunye ne-Cushing syndrome.
• Ezinye iimeko ezingaqhelekanga zokuzalwa (i-congenital lipodystrophies)
• Iintsholongwane ezisasazeka emzimbeni wonke (usulelo oluhamba emzimbeni).

Iimeko ezibangela ukuba iswekile egazini yehle rhoqo:

• I-Gastroparesis: Le yimeko apho ukutya esiswini kuthunyelwa emathunjini kancinci kakhulu. Khawuthelekelele ukuba utya irayisi kusasa. Kudla ngokuthatha malunga neeyure ezimbini ukugaya. Kodwa ngenxa yesi simo, isisu sakho sisebenza kancinci kakhulu. Ngoko ke nokuba ufaka i-insulin ngaphambi kokutya, ukutya kuyagaywa kwaye iswekile yongezwa egazini emva kweeyure ezi-4-5. Okwangoku, i-insulin ingasebenza kwaye iswekile yakho inokwehla kakhulu (i-hypoglycemia). Xa ukutya kugaywa, iswekile inokunyuka ngequbuliso kakhulu. Uyabona ukuba kunzima kangakanani ukuyilawula?
• Isifo sika-Addison: Ukuba asinyangwa, esi sifo sinokubangela ukuba amanqanaba eswekile egazini ehle rhoqo.
• Isifo seCeliac: Esi sifo sithintela umzimba ekufumaneni izondlo ngokufanelekileyo, nto leyo enokubangela amazinga eswekile egazini angaguqukiyo.

2. Iimeko zempilo yengqondo

Oko sikuvayo engqondweni yethu kuchaphazela ngqo imizimba yethu. Ukuphila nesifo esinganyangekiyo esifana nesifo seswekile yenye yezona zinto zibangela uxinzelelo olukhulu.

• Uxinzelelo olunzima, ixhala, kunye nokudakumba: Ezi meko zinokunciphisa ugqozi lwakho kunye nokukwazi kwakho ukulawula isifo sakho seswekile. Ungalibala ukuthatha amayeza akho ngexesha kwaye ujonge iswekile yakho yegazi. Uxinzelelo lunokunyusa iihomoni ezikhutshwa ngumzimba wakho, nto leyo enokunyusa amanqanaba eswekile egazini lakho.
• Iingxaki zokutya: Iimeko ezifana ne-anorexia kunye ne-bulimia zinokwenza kube nzima ukulawula isifo seswekile. I-Diabulimia, imeko ebonwa kubantu abanesifo seswekile sohlobo loku-1, ibandakanya ukungayisebenzisi ngabom imithamo ye-insulin ukuzama ukunciphisa umzimba. Oku kuyingozi kakhulu.
• Ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi notywala: Izinto ezivuselela ingqondo ezifana necocaine kunye neopioids zonyusa amanqanaba eswekile egazini. Utywala bunokubangela ukuba amanqanaba eswekile egazini ehle ngendlela eyingozi.

3. Ukwaluphala kunye nokulahlekelwa yinkumbulo

Ulawulo lwesifo seswekile luba nzima ngenxa yeemeko ezifana ne-dementia, enokwenzeka xa umntu ekhula.

• Usenokulibala ukuthatha idosi yakho ye-insulin.
• Ungathatha idosi ephindwe kabini ngempazamo.
• Iintlobo ze-insulin ezisebenza ixesha elifutshane kunye nezisebenza ixesha elide zinokubhideka.
• Izixhobo ezifana neempompo ze-insulin kunye nee-continuous glucose monitors (CGMs) zisenokungasebenzi kakuhle.

4. Imiba ye-insulin kunye nokhuseleko lokutya

Lo ngumba wentlalo nowezoqoqosho ochaphazela nabanye abantu kwilizwe lethu.

• Ixabiso eliphezulu le-insulin: Ngenxa yobunzima bokuthenga i-insulin, abanye abantu basebenzisa idosi engaphantsi kweyomlinganiselo omiselweyo. Oku kunokukhokelela kumanqanaba aphezulu eswekile yegazi kunye neemeko ezisongela ubomi ezifana neDiabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) .
• Ukungabikho kokutya okufanelekileyo: Ukungatyi nokungaseli ngexesha kunokubangela ukuba amanqanaba eswekile egazini angahlali ezinzile.

Zithini iimpawu zale meko?

Umntu onesifo seswekile esibuthathaka uba neempawu ezitshintshatshintshayo ezifana neswekile ephantsi egazini (hypoglycemia) kunye neswekile ephezulu egazini (hyperglycemia).

Zeziphi iingxaki ezinokubangela oku?

Ukutshintshatshintsha kwamanqanaba eswekile egazini akulunganga emzimbeni. Oku kunokukhokelela kwiingxaki zexesha elifutshane nelide.

Iingxaki ezibangelwa kukwehla kweswekile egazini

Ukuba amanqanaba eswekile egazini lakho aphantsi rhoqo, ngokuhamba kwexesha, unokuba nesifo esibizwa ngokuba yi-hypoglycemia ukungaqondi . Oku kuxa umzimba wakho uqhelana namanqanaba eswekile egazini aphantsi kwaye ungabonakalisi zimpawu zokulumkisa zeswekile egazini ephantsi, njengokuqhaqhazela nokubila. Oku kuyingozi kakhulu kuba ungalahlekelwa zingqondo ngequbuliso kwaye ube nokuxhuzula ngaphandle kwesilumkiso. Ukuba ayinyangwa, inokukhokelela ekufeni.

Iingxaki ezibangelwa yiswekile ephezulu egazini

Ukuba amanqanaba eswekile egazini akalawuleki, ingxamiseko ebizwa ngokuba yi-diabetesic ketoacidosis (DKA) inokwenzeka. Oku kusongela ubomi. Iimpawu ze-DKA ziquka:

• Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza
• Ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni
• Intlungu ebuhlungu yesisu
• Umphefumlo oneziqhamo
• Ukuphefumla okunzulu nokukhawulezayo (ukuphefumla kukaKussmaul)
• Ukubetha kwentliziyo
• Ukulahlekelwa zingqondo kunye nokungazi nto

Ukongeza, amanqanaba aphezulu eswekile egazini ixesha elide andisa umngcipheko wokuba neengxaki ezinkulu zesifo seswekile.

• Umonakalo wamehlo (i-Retinopathy)
• Ukonakala kwezintso (i-Nephropathy)
• Ukonakala kwemithambo-luvo (i-Neuropathy)
• Isifo sentliziyo
• Istroke

Iphathwa njani le nto?

Injongo ephambili yokunyanga isifo seswekile iBrittle kukujongana nesizathu esibangela ukuba amanqanaba eswekile egazini angazinzile.Ukufumana nokunyanga unobangela oyintloko. Umzekelo, umntu onesifo se-celiac unokukwazi ukuzinzisa amanqanaba eswekile yegazi lakhe xa ethatha ukutya okungenagluten. Ukunyanga ingxaki ye-thyroid kunokunceda ukulawula isifo seswekile.

Ngethuba lonyango lwesizathu esiyintloko, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa izinto ezifana nezi:

• Ukusebenzisa isixhobo sokuJonga iGlucose ngokuqhubekayo (i-CGM): Esi sixhobo sihlala sijonga amanqanaba eswekile egazini lakho kwaye sikunika isaziso ukuba amanqanaba eswekile yakho aphezulu okanye aphantsi.
• Jonga amanqanaba eswekile egazini lakho rhoqo: Ugqirha wakho angakucela ukuba ujonge amanqanaba eswekile egazini lakho ngokuthatha ithontsi legazi emnweni wakho izihlandlo ezininzi ngemini.
• Ukusebenzisa ipompo ye-insulin: Oku kunika isixa se-insulin esifunekayo emzimbeni ngokuchanekileyo nangokungaguquguqukiyo.
• Inkxaso evela kwingcali yezempilo yengqondo: Kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona umntu ofana nengcali yezengqondo kwaye ufumane iingcebiso malunga nokulawula izinto ezinje ngoxinzelelo kunye nokuxhalaba.
• Uncedo oluvela kusapho okanye kumncedisi womongikazi: Abantu abadala okanye abo baneengxaki zokukhumbula banokufuna uncedo oluvela kumalungu osapho ukuze banike i-insulin ngexesha elifanelekileyo baze bajonge iswekile yabo egazini.
• Inkxaso evela kubasebenzi bezentlalo: Abo bangenako ukuthenga i-insulin okanye abangakwaziyo ukutya banokufumana uncedo lokufumana izisombululo ezifanelekileyo.

Kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu, apho kungekho nyango lumbi olunokulawula imeko, kunokucetyiswa ukuba kufakwe i-pancreas .

Xa kufuneka ufune ingcebiso yezonyango ngokukhawuleza

Isifo seswekile esibizwa ngokuba yiBrittle Diabetes asiyonto yokudlala ngayo. Kwiimeko ezinje, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthatha inyathelo ngoko nangoko.

Ukulawula le meko kunokuba nzima. Yiyo loo nto kubalulekile ukubona ugqirha wakho rhoqo uze uthethe ngotshintsho kumanqanaba eswekile egazini lakho. Khumbula, oku akuyongxaki yakho. Ngonyango olufanelekileyo, uncedo lwetekhnoloji, kunye nenkxaso yosapho lwakho, le meko inokulawulwa kakhulu.