Xa wena okanye umntu omaziyo efunyaniswa ukuba unomhlaza webele, kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuziva uloyiko olukhulu kunye nexhala xa ugqirha esithi, "Ndifuna unyango lwe-chemotherapy." Xa sisiva igama elithi "chemo," sihlala sicinga ngamava anzima, abuhlungu. Kodwa ukuba sinolwazi olufanelekileyo ngolu nyango, olo loyiko lunokuncipha kakhulu. Ke namhlanje, masithethe malunga nokuba yintoni kanye kanye i-chemotherapy yomhlaza webele, isizathu sokuba yenziwe, kunye nendlela esifanele sijongane nayo.
Yintoni i-chemotherapy?
Ngamafutshane, i-chemotherapy luhlobo olunamandla lwamayeza anikwa ukubulala iiseli zomhlaza. La mayeza abulala iiseli zomhlaza ebeleni lakho, okanye iiseli zomhlaza ezisasazeke zisuka ebeleni lakho ziye kwezinye iindawo zomzimba wakho. Iingcali zomhlaza zihlala zinika olu nyango ngaphambi okanye emva kotyando lomhlaza webele.
Ngamanye amaxesha kusetyenziswa uhlobo olunye kuphela lweyeza le-chemotherapy, ngamanye amaxesha kusetyenziswa amayeza amaninzi kunye. I-chemotherapy inokunikwa kunye nolunye unyango.
Olu nyango lubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Kodwa ungakhathazeki ngazo. Ugqirha wakho uza kukunika amayeza afunekayo kunye neengcebiso zokulawula ezo ziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Ezinye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zinokuhlala ixesha elithile emva kokuba unyango luphelile, kwaye ugqirha wakho uza kukwazisa ngazo.
Kukweziphi iimeko apho i-chemotherapy isetyenziswa khona kumhlaza webele?
I-chemotherapy isetyenziswa kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo nangeenjongo ezahlukeneyo. Makhe sijonge ukuba ziyintoni na.
| Ithuba lokubonelela ngonyango | Injongo ephambili yonyango |
|---|---|
| Ngaphambi kotyando (Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy) | Ukunciphisa ithumba kunceda ugqirha ukuba alisuse lula. Ukunciphisa ukususwa kwezicubu zebele ezisempilweni. Kukwanceda ukwazi kwangaphambili ukuba amayeza anikiweyo asebenza kangakanani kumhlaza. |
| Emva kotyando (i-Adjuvant Chemotherapy) | Ukutshabalalisa iiseli zomhlaza ezincinci ezinokuhlala emzimbeni emva kotyando, kunciphisa umngcipheko wokubuya komhlaza. |
| Ngomhlaza osasazeke kwamanye amalungu omzimba (iMetastatic Breast Cancer) | Ukuba umhlaza usasazeke ngaphaya kwebele uye kwamanye amalungu omzimba, i-chemotherapy ingasetyenziswa njengonyango oluphambili lokuwulawula. |
| Kwiintlobo ezithile zomhlaza |
|
Ngawaphi amayeza e-chemotherapy asetyenziswa kakhulu?
Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zamayeza e-chemotherapy asetyenziselwa umhlaza webele. Ugqirha wakho uya kukhetha elona yeza lifanelekileyo okanye indibaniselwano yamayeza ngokusekwe kuhlobo kunye nenqanaba lomhlaza wakho, kunye nemeko yakho yempilo.
Ezinye zeentlobo zeziyobisi ezisetyenziswa kakhulu zezi:
- Ii-Anthracyclines: Umzekelo, iziyobisi ezifana ne-`doxorubicin (Adriamycin®)` kunye ne-`epirubicin (Ellence®)`.
- I-Taxanes: Iziyobisi ezifana ne-`paclitaxel (Taxol®)` kunye ne-`docetaxel (Taxotere®)`.
- Amanye amayeza: Amayeza afana ne-`5-fluorouracil (5-FU®)`, `capecitabine (Xeloda®)`, `cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan®)` kunye ne-`carboplatin (Paraplatin®)`.
Ukongeza, amanye amayeza afana ne-gemcitabine (Gemzar®) kunye ne-vinorelbine (Navelbine®) nawo asetyenziswa kumhlaza webele osasazekayo.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba amayeza owanikwayo amiselwe ngugqirha wakho we-oncologist. Ngoko ke musa ukutsiba ugqibe ngeyeza lakho ngokusekelwe koko ukufundileyo kwi-intanethi okanye oko kuthethwa ngabanye abantu. Buza ugqirha wakho yonke imibuzo yakho.
Zithini iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zechemotherapy?
Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ze-chemotherapy ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lweyeza olinikwayo, idosi, kunye nobude bonyango. Uninzi lweziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ziyaphela emva kokuba unyango luphelile, kodwa ezinye zinokuhlala iiveki okanye iinyanga.
Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eziqhelekileyo
- I-Chemo brain inkungu: Ubunzima bokukhumbula nokuziva ngathi awukwazi ukugxila. Oku kungathatha malunga neenyanga ezi-6 ukuya kwezi-12 emva kokuba unyango luphelile.
- Ukudinwa: Ungaziva udiniwe kakhulu kulo lonke ixesha lonyango kwaye emva kweenyanga ezi-3-6.
- Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza: Oku kungaqala ngexesha lonyango kwaye kuqhubeke iiveki ezi-2-3 emva kokuba kuphelile. Kodwa ngoku kukho amayeza alungileyo kakhulu okukulawula.
Ezinye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga
- Iingxaki zenkqubo yokugaya ukutya: Ukuqunjelwa kunye norhudo lunokwenzeka.
- Utshintsho kwiinwele: Ukulahleka kweenwele kunokwenzeka ngexesha lonyango. Abantu abaninzi bayakuva oku, kodwa khumbula ukuba oku kuyenzeka okwexeshana. Iinwele ziya kukhula kwakhona emva kokuba unyango luphelile. Zisenokuba nombala okanye ubume obahlukileyo kunangaphambili.
- Umnqweno Wokutya: Umnqweno wakho wokutya ungancipha ngexesha lonyango. Oku kuya kubuyela esiqhelweni xa unyango lugqityiwe.
- Utshintsho lolusu kunye neenzipho: Ulusu lunokoma kwaye lurhawuzelele. Izipikili zinokonakala kwaye ziqhekeke lula.
- I-peripheral neuropathy: Oku kunokubangela ukungaziva buhlungu kunye nentlungu ezandleni nasezinyaweni. Oku kuhlala kuphela emva kokuba unyango lugqityiwe.
Inikwa njani i-chemotherapy?
I-chemotherapy inikwa ngeendlela ezininzi eziphambili.
1. Omlomo: Amayeza athathwa ngomlomo ngendlela yeepilisi okanye iikhaphu.
2. I-Intravenous (IV): Ukunika amayeza ngqo emthanjeni ngetyhubhu yetyuwa.
Ukuze baphephe ukuhlaba imithambo rhoqo, oogqirha ngamanye amaxesha basebenzisa izixhobo ezikhethekileyo.
- Umgca Ophakathi: Umbhobho weplastiki omde, obhityileyo obekwe kumthambo omkhulu entanyeni, esifubeni, okanye engalweni.
- Umgca wePICC: Umbhobho ofakwa ngomthambo osengalweni uze ukhokelele kumthambo omkhulu okufutshane nentliziyo.
- I-Chemo Port: Isixhobo esincinci esifakwa phantsi kwesikhumba sesifuba ngotyando. Singasetyenziswa ukunika amayeza ngokulula ngokufaka inaliti kuso.
Unyango luthatha ixesha elingakanani?
Oku kuya kwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwisicwangciso sakho sonyango. Ngokwesiqhelo, i-chemotherapy yomhlaza webele ihlala iinyanga ezintathu ukuya kwezintandathu . Ngamanye amaxesha ingathatha ixesha elingangonyaka.
Unyango lunikwa "ngemijikelo" .
- Ngokwesiqhelo kuya kufuneka ufumane unyango oluninzi.
- Iseshoni enye ingabandakanya iintsuku ezimbini okanye ezintathu zonyango.
- Ezi seshoni zonyango zinokuba kanye ngeveki, kanye kwiiveki ezimbini, okanye kanye kwiiveki ezintathu ukuya kwezine.
- Emva kweseshoni nganye, umzimba wakho unikwa ixesha lokuphumla nokuchacha. Oku kubizwa ngokuba "lixesha lokuphumla."
Ulungiselela njani ngaphambi konyango?
Ngaphambi kokuba uqale unyango, ugqirha wakho uya kugqiba ngomlinganiselo wamayeza owadingayo, eqwalasela izinto ezifana nohlobo kunye nenqanaba lomhlaza wakho, iziphumo zovavanyo lwakho, kunye ne-body mass index yakho (BMI).
Eli lixesha elifanelekileyo lokubuza ugqirha wakho yonke imibuzo onayo. Mbuze ngokucacileyo malunga nonyango, iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga, kunye nento aza kukwenzela yona.
Kukho izinto ezininzi onokuzenza ukulungiselela iintsuku zakho zonyango:
- Cela umntu akuncede ngemisebenzi yasekhaya kangangeentsuku ezimbini emva konyango lwakho.
- Lungiselela umntu oza kukuhamba nawe xa usiya naxa ubuya kunyango.
- Khetha impahla ekhululekileyo nekhululekileyo oza kuyinxiba ngexesha lonyango.
- Zisa into eza kukuphazamisa , njengencwadi okanye i-headset ukuze umamele umculo.
- Sela amanzi angaphezulu ngosuku olungaphambi konyango, njengoko i-chemotherapy inokuwucoca umzimba ngamanzi.
Ixesha lokubona ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko
Uza kubona ugqirha wakho rhoqo ngexesha lonyango lwakho. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ufumana naziphi na iimpawu ezilandelayo, fowunela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko okanye uye kwiSebe leNgxamiseko (ETU) lesibhedlele esikufutshane.
| Iimpawu ezifuna ingqalelo ekhawulezileyo | |
|---|---|
| Ifiva | Ubushushu bomzimba bungaphezulu kwe-100.4 Fahrenheit (38 Celsius). |
| Intlungu yesifuba okanye ubunzima bokuphefumla | Intlungu yesifuba ngequbuliso okanye ukuphefumla kancinci. |
| Ndiziva ndibanda kwaye ndingcangcazela | Ukungcangcazela nokuziva ubanda ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacileyo. |
| Ukulahlekelwa yingqondo ngequbuliso | Ukudideka ngequbuliso okanye ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo. |
| Intloko ebuhlungu kakhulu | Intloko ebuhlungu kakhulu kunye nokuqina kwentamo. |
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-chemotherapy lunyango olusebenzayo kakhulu nolusetyenziswa kakhulu kumhlaza webele. Musa ukuyoyika ngokungeyomfuneko.
- Olu nyango lusetyenziswa kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo, njengangaphambi, emva kotyando, okanye kumhlaza osasazeke emzimbeni wonke.
- Kuqhelekile ukuba nemiphumo emibi, kodwa iqela lakho lezonyango liza kukunceda uyilawule kwaye uyilawule .
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukugcina ukutya okunempilo , ukwenza umthambo omncinci kangangoko kunokwenzeka, kunye nokugcina impilo yengqondo isempilweni ngalo lonke ixesha lonyango.
- Thetha ngokukhululekileyo nogqirha wakho ngayo nayiphi na imibuzo, uloyiko, okanye iinkxalabo onokuba nazo. Ukufumana ulwazi olufanelekileyo yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokoyisa uloyiko lwakho.
💬 Comments (0)
Akukho zimvo zithunyelweyo okwangoku. Faka uluvo lwakho apha okokuqala.
Faka uluvo lwakho