Ngaba ukhe waphawula utshintsho olukhulu kwindlela umntwana wakho aziphethe ngayo okanye athetha ngayo kutshanje? Ngaba ngamanye amaxesha uthetha yedwa, okanye uthi ubona okanye uva izinto ezingabonwa ngabanye abantu? Okanye uloyiko lokuba abanye baya kuva oko akucingayo? Kuqhelekile ukuba umama okanye utata azive esoyika kwaye ekhathazekile xa ebona izinto ezinje. Namhlanje sithetha ngesifo sengqondo esingaqhelekanga kodwa esibi kakhulu ebantwaneni abancinci, esibizwa ngokuba yi-childhood schizophrenia.
Yintoni iSchizophrenia yoBuntwana?
Ngamafutshane, esi sisifo esibi kakhulu esichaphazela ingqondo yomntwana, sitshintsha ngokupheleleyo indlela abona ngayo ihlabathi, acinga ngayo, kwaye aziva ngayo. Xa esi sifo sisenzeka kumntwana ongaphantsi kweminyaka eli-13 ubudala, sibizwa ngokuba yi-'Childhood Schizophrenia'.
Le meko ibangela ukuba umntwana:
- Iingcinga: Iingcinga ezingaqhelekanga nezingaqhelekanga zinokwenzeka.
- Inkumbulo: Iingxaki ezinxulumene nenkumbulo zinokwenzeka.
- Iimvakalelo: Sinokubona, sive, size sivakalelwe zizinto ezingekhoyo ngokwenene.
- Iindlela zokuziphatha: Iindlela zokuziphatha zinokuhluka kakhulu kwaye zibhide.
Ngenxa yesi sizathu, ichaphazela iinkalo ezininzi zobomi bemihla ngemihla bomntwana. Yonke into ukususela kumsebenzi wesikolo, ukudlala nabahlobo, kunye nolwalamano namalungu osapho luqala ukuwohloka. Ukuba ayinyangwa, umntwana usenokubandakanyeka kwiindlela zokuziphatha ezinokuzilimaza yena okanye abanye.
Ixhaphake kangakanani le meko?
Into yokuqala ekufuneka uyitsho kukuba le yimeko engaqhelekanga kakhulu. Ichaphazela malunga nomnye kubantwana abayi-10,000. Ngoko ke ungoyiki ukucinga ukuba umntwana wakho unesifo sengqondo esingapheliyo ukuba ubona utshintsho oluncinci kwindlela aziphatha ngayo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba unenkxalabo okanye uloyiko olunzulu malunga nendlela aziphatha ngayo umntwana wakho, kungcono ukuthetha nogqirha.
Ziziphi iimpawu ezibonisa ukuba umntwana usenokuba ne -schizophrenia ?
Ixesha elininzi, esi sifo asibonakali ngequbuliso. Iimpawu zokuqala kukulibaziseka ekukhuleni komntwana kunye nokuziphatha kwakhe ngokwasentlalweni. Kusemva kwexesha apho iimpawu eziphambili ezinxulumene nesifo sengqondo esichaphazela ingqondo zibonakala khona. Masikwahlule oku kube ngamacandelo amabini.
| Iimpawu ze -schizophrenic-affective ebuntwaneni | |
|---|---|
| Uhlobo oluneempawu | Ingcaciso kunye nemizekelo |
| Iimpawu zesilumkiso kwangethuba (ezidla ngokubhidaniswa nezinye iimeko) | |
| Ukulibaziseka kophuhliso | Ukulibaziseka kwizakhono zokunyakaza, njengokuqala ukuhamba. Ukulibaziseka ekuqaleni ukuthetha. |
| Iingxaki zentlalo | Ukungafuni ukujonga abanye emehlweni nokuthetha. Ukuzama ukuba wedwa ngaphandle kokuncokola nabahlobo. |
| Iingxaki esikolweni | Ubunzima bokufunda. Ukungakwazi ukugxila kwinto enye. |
| Ukuziphatha okungaqhelekanga | Ukuphindaphinda amagama okanye izandi ezithethwa ngabanye (echolalia). Ukungakwazi ukulawula iimvakalelo, njengokuhleka kakhulu okanye ukukhala ngendlela engafanelekanga. |
| Iimpawu eziphambili (i-Psychosis) | |
| Iingcamango eziphosakeleyo | Ezi ziinkolelo ezingeyonyani ngokupheleleyo ezingenakutshintshwa, nokuba bungakanani na ubungqina obuvezwayo. Umzekelo, ukukholelwa ukuba umntu ulawula ingqondo yakhe, umamela ngasese oko kwenzekayo engqondweni yakhe, okanye umthumelela imiyalezo ekhethekileyo kumabonwakude. |
| Ukungaboni | Ukubona, ukuva, ukuva, ukuvumba, okanye ukungcamla izinto ezingekhoyo. Oku kwenzeka rhoqo xa kungekho mntu ukufutshane. La mazwi asenokuba athetha okanye anika imiyalelo. |
| Ibali elididekileyo | Ukungakwazi ukulungelelanisa iingcinga ngelixa uthetha. Ukutsiba ukusuka kwesinye isihloko ukuya kwesinye. Ngamanye amaxesha oko kuthethwayo kunokuba yinto edidayo kangangokuba kungabikho mntu unokukuqonda. |
| Iintshukumo ezingaqhelekanga | Ukubonisa iipatheni ezingaqhelekanga zokuhamba, njengokuhambahamba rhoqo ngaphandle kwesizathu, okanye ukuhlala kwindawo efanayo ngokungathi ukhenkcezekile endaweni ngaphandle kwentshukumo. |
| Iimpawu Ezingalunganga | Oku kuthetha ukuba izakhono ebezifanele ukuba zikhona ziyancitshiswa. Umzekelo, ukuthetha ngaphandle kwemvakalelo ebusweni, ukungabikho kwelizwi elivakalayo, ukuphelelwa ngumdla kuyo nayiphi na into, kunye nokurhoxa ngokupheleleyo kwiincoko zoluntu. |
Okubalulekileyo kukuba, ezi mpawu zokuqala zinokudidaniswa nezinye iimeko ezifana ne-autism spectrum disorder, i-ADHD, kunye nokudakumba. Ke ngoko, ukuba unale mpawu, kubalulekile ukubona ingcali ukuze ufumane uxilongo oluchanekileyo.
Kutheni abantwana benale meko?
Akunakwenzeka ukuchonga unobangela omnye woku. Iingcali zikholelwa ukuba le meko ibangelwa kukudibana kwezinto ezahlukeneyo.
- Ilifa: I-Schizophrenia inokungena kwiintsapho ukuya kuthi ga kwinqanaba elithile. Oku kuthetha ukuba ukuba kukho umntu kusapho onesifo, umngcipheko wokuba umntwana naye afumane esi sifo uphezulu kancinci kunomntu oqhelekileyo.
- Iingxaki zophuhliso lobuchopho: Iingxaki ezithile ezenzeka ngexesha lophuhliso lobuchopho ngelixa umntwana esesibelekweni.
- Iingxaki ngexesha lokukhulelwa: Ukungondleki kakuhle okanye usulelo oluthile lwentsholongwane kumama ngexesha lokukhulelwa.
- Iingxaki ngexesha lokubeleka: Iingxaki ezithile ezenzeka ngexesha lokubeleka.
- Ukungalingani kweekhemikhali zobuchopho: Ukungalingani kwiikhemikhali (ii-neurotransmitters) ezithumela imiyalezo phakathi kweeseli zobuchopho.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo ekufuneka uyikhumbule yile:Asikuko ukuba unetyala, asikuko nokuba unetyala ngendlela okhulise ngayo umntwana wakho. Yindibaniselwano yezizathu ezininzi ezintsonkothileyo zebhayoloji.
Yenziwa njani le nto yokuxilonga?
Ukuchonga isifo se-schizophrenia ebantwaneni kunokuba nzima kancinci, njengoko ezinye izifo ezininzi zineempawu ezifanayo. Ngoko ke, oogqirha badla ngokuthintela ezinye izifo kuqala. Ukuze umntwana afunyaniswe ene-schizophrenia , kufuneka abe neempawu ubuncinane iinyanga ezi-6.
Uvavanyo olufana nolu lunokusetyenziselwa ukufumanisa isifo.
| Uhlobo lovavanyo | Kutheni usenza oku? |
|---|---|
| Uvavanyo lwengqondo | Ingcali yezengqondo yabantwana iza kuvavanya imeko ngokubuza wena nomntwana wakho ngeengcinga zabo, iimvakalelo zabo, iindlela abaziphethe ngazo, kunye neempawu zabo. |
| Uvavanyo lwemifanekiso (i-CT, i-MRI) | Jonga ukuba kukho umhlaza wobuchopho, isifo sohlangothi, okanye enye ingxaki yesakhiwo engqondweni. |
| Uvavanyo lwegazi nomchamo | Jonga ezinye izifo zomzimba, usulelo, okanye utshintsho lweekhemikhali olunokuba negalelo ekutshintsheni kokuziphatha komntwana. |
| I-EEG (i-Electroencephalogram) | Jonga ukusebenza kombane kwengqondo kwaye ugweme izifo ezifana nesifo sokuwa. |
Iphathwa njani?
Ukunyanga le meko ngumzamo weqela. Kubandakanya umntwana, abazali, oogqirha, abagqirha, kwanootitshala besikolo. Iindlela zonyango zihlala zidityaniswa zezi zinto.
1. Amayeza: Amayeza okulwa nesifo sengqondo asetyenziselwa ukulawula iimpawu. Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba kukho ezinye iimpawu ezifana nokudakumba, amanye amayeza afana namayeza okudakumba nawo anokunikwa. La mayeza afanele anikwe kuphela phantsi kweliso lengcali yezifo zengqondo yabantwana.
2. Unyango:
- Unyango lomntu ngamnye: Umntwana ufundiswa ukuphila nemeko yakhe aze ajongane neengxaki.
- Unyango losapho: Lubonelela ngolwazi nenkxaso kubazali nakusapho malunga nesifo kunye nendlela yokunceda umntwana.
- Uqeqesho lwezakhono zentlalo: Lunceda umntwana ukuba asebenzisane aze anxibelelane nabanye.
3. Ukulaliswa esibhedlele: Kwezinye iimeko, ukulaliswa esibhedlele okwethutyana kunokufuneka ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lomntwana okanye ukunika amayeza.
Masiqaphele nemiphumo emibi yamayeza.
Amanye amayeza asetyenziswa ukunyanga isifo seengcongconi anokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezifana nokutyeba kakhulu kunye nomngcipheko ophezulu wesifo sentliziyo . Ngoko ke, ugqirha uya kujonga rhoqo ubunzima bomntwana, ubude bakhe (i-BMI), uxinzelelo lwegazi, iswekile yegazi, kunye namanqanaba e-cholesterol, aze ajonge izinto ezilungileyo nezingalunganga zalo mayeza ngaphambi kokuba anikwe amayeza.
Njengomzali, ungamnceda njani umntwana wakho?
Ukunyamekela umntwana onesi sifo ngumceli mngeni omkhulu, kodwa uthando lwakho, inkxaso yakho, kunye nolawulo olufanelekileyo lunokwenza umahluko omkhulu ebomini bomntwana.
- Nika amayeza akho kanye njengoko ugqirha wakho ekuyalele, ngexesha elifanelekileyo, nangedosi efanelekileyo. Musa ukulibazisa usuku olunye.
- Musa ukulibazisa ixesha lokudibana nogqirha: Qiniseka ukuba uyaya kugqirha wakho. Thetha ngokukhululekileyo nogqirha wakho malunga notshintsho kwiimpawu zomntwana wakho kunye nemiphumo emibi yamayeza.
- Yazisa isikolo: Thetha nootitshala bomntwana kunye nenqununu yesikolo uze ubachazele imeko yakhe. Oku kuya kubanceda bafumane inkxaso ekhethekileyo abayidingayo.
- Musa ukuzityeshela iimpawu: Ukuba ubona into engaqhelekanga kwindlela umntwana wakho aziphethe ngayo, musa ukuyityeshela. Funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngoko nangoko. Okukhona unyango luqalwa ngokukhawuleza, kokukhona iziphumo ziya kuba ngcono.
- Cinga ngawe nawe: Olu hambo ludinisa kakhulu. Ukwadinga ukuphumla kunye nenkxaso, engqondweni nasemzimbeni. Kukho amaqela enkxaso kunye nabacebisi abanokukunceda. Kuphela ukuba uphilile apho unokunyamekela umntwana wakho kakuhle.
Ufanele uye nini esibhedlele ngoko nangoko?
UmntwanaUkuba bathetha ngokuzenzakalisa, bezama ukwenza njalo, okanye ukuba uvakalelwa kukuba benzakalisa abanye, ungathandabuzi ukubasa kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) elikufutshane nawe ngoko nangoko.
Nangona olu hambo lunzima, ngokuphathwa ngendlela eyiyo nothando losapho lwabo, aba bantwana banethuba lokusebenzisa ngokupheleleyo izakhono zabo kwaye baphile ubomi obuphumelelayo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-schizophrenia yobuntwana yimeko yengqondo engaqhelekanga kakhulu, kodwa imbi kakhulu.
- Iimpawu zokuqala zihlala zididaniswa nezinye iimeko, ezifana ne-autism kunye ne-ADHD.
- Le meko ayibangelwanga ngabazali. Ibangelwa zizizathu ezintsonkothileyo zebhayoloji.
- Kubalulekile ukubona ingcali efana nogqirha wengqondo wabantwana ukuze kufunyanwe isifo esichanekileyo.
- Amayeza, unyango, kunye nenkxaso yosapho zonke zibalulekile kunyango. Unyango lwangethuba lunokukhokelela kwiziphumo ezingcono.
- Nangona uxhasa umntwana wakho, kubaluleke kakhulu kuwe njengomzali ukuba ukhathalele impilo yakho yengqondo.
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