Ngaba umntwana wakho unengxaki yokuhlala egxile? Ngaba uyasokola ukuhlala egxile? Ngaba uhlala ekhalaza ngesikolo neeklasi? Ezi zinokuba ziimpawu zesifo esisibiza ngokuba yi-ADHD ( Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder). Njengomzali, ingcinga yakho yokuqala ngeli xesha isenokuba ngamayeza. Nangona amayeza esisixhobo esihle, awakwazi ukwenza yonke into. Akukho pilisi inokukufundisa amaqhinga afanelekileyo okuba ngumzali olawula ukuziphatha komntwana wakho, ukukhulisa ukuzithemba kwakhe, kwaye okona kubaluleke kakhulu, kukunceda ukulawula ixhala lomntwana wakho. Nangona kunjalo, unyango losapho lunokunceda lonke usapho ukuba lusebenzisane kwaye luvelise iziphumo ezihlala ixesha elide.
Unyango losapho lunokunceda njani?
Xa unomntwana one-ADHD ekhaya, usenokuba uqaphele ukuba iindlela "zemveli" esizisebenzisa rhoqo ukuqeqesha abantwana, ezifana nokohlwaya nomvuzo, azisoloko zisebenza. Ukunikel’ ingqalelo ixesha elide kunye nokungakhathali kwabo kwenza kube nzima ukulawula kubo kunabanye abantwana. Kodwa ukohlwaya rhoqo kuyawenza mandundu ukuziphatha kwabo, kwaye kukwachaphazela nembonakalo yabo.
Khawucinge nje, xa unyana wakho ewisa ithoyizi phantsi, umxelela ukuba ayibeke ecaleni, kodwa akabonakali ephulaphula. Xa umxelela ukuba enjenjalo, uqala ukulila. Xa iziganeko ezinjalo zisenzeka rhoqo endlwini, imeko yasekhaya iba yingxubakaxaka kakhulu.
Unyango losapho lunceda ikhaya lakho, kunye nabo bonke abakulo, ukuba lihambe kakuhle kwaye livuya.
Olu nyango lunokukhokelwa ngabazali okanye lubandakanye umntwana kwiiseshoni. Ngokubanzi, ezi zinto zilandelayo zenzeka nakweyiphi na kwezi ndlela:
- Lonke usapho lufunda ukusebenza kunye njengeqela elinye .
- Iqinisa ingqondo yomntwana yokulawula iimvakalelo nezenzo zakhe.
- Ukuziphatha komntwana kuyaphucuka esikolweni, ekhaya, kwabanye abantu, nakwiindawo zikawonke-wonke.
- Sikufundisa, mzali, iindlela ezisebenzayo zokujongana nomntwana wakho.
Unyango Oluqondiswe Kubazali
Ukuba unomntwana one-ADHD ongaphantsi kweminyaka eli-12 ubudala, unyango olungcono lunokuba lunyango lokuziphatha. Siqeqesha abazali ukuba benze oku.Uqeqesho lwaBazali, olukwaziwa ngokuba luQeqesho lwaBazali oluZiphetheyo, lusekelwe kwingcamango yokuba ungoyena titshala ubalaseleyo womntwana. Iingcali zithi le ndlela iyasebenza kuba abantwana abancinci abanakuzilawula ngokwabo izenzo zabo ngaphandle kwenkxaso yentsapho yabo.
Kule meko, uza kudibana nogqirha wengqondo kangangeeseshoni ezisi-8 ukuya kwezili-16. Ngeli xesha, uza kufunda iindlela ezintsha zokusebenza nomntwana wakho, kunye nendlela esebenza ngayo ingqondo yomntwana wakho kunye nesizathu sokuziphatha kwakhe. Umntwana akayi kuza kwezi seshoni zokuqala. Xa sele ekulungele ukujoyina, oneminyaka emalunga ne-8-10 ubudala, sibiza ngokuba lunyango oludibeneyo phakathi komzali nomntwana. Ngelo xesha, ezi seshoni zinokuba nguwe kunye neqabane lakho kuphela. Ngamanye amaxesha kunokubakho iiseshoni zeqela nezinye iintsapho ezinjengani.
Phakathi kwezi seshoni, kufuneka uziqhelise oko ukufundileyo ekhaya. Ngamanye amaxesha umcebisi uza kudibana nosapho lwakho lonke ukuze abone indlela ezisebenza ngayo iindlela kunye nendlela oqhuba ngayo.
Ufunda ntoni kwezi ndlela zonyango?
Uqeqesho lwabazali lugubungela phantse zonke iinkalo zobomi bemihla ngemihla. Ngamafutshane:
- Ungayibeka njani imida ngendlela umntwana wakho ayiqondayo? Ungayibeka njani imithetho ecacileyo kwaye uxelele umntwana wakho oko kulindelekileyo kuye ngendlela ayiqondayo.
- Indlela yokucwangcisa imeko-bume yekhaya lakho. Ukudala ikhaya eligcina ixesha kwaye linemithetho.
- Indlela yokujolisa ekuziphatheni okuthile. Ukhetha ukuziphatha okungafanelekanga kwaye ufunde indlela yokusabela kuko. Oku kunokuthetha ukuvuza ukuziphatha okuhle, ukususa okwethutyana amalungelo ngenxa yokuziphatha okubi, okanye ukusebenzisa izinto ezifana 'nexesha lokuphumla'. Ukwafunda nokuba nini na ukungayinaki ukuziphatha okuthile okungafanelekanga.
- Indlela yokuguqula iimpazamo zomntwana wakho zibe ngamathuba okufunda. Abantwana abane-ADHD banengxaki yokuqonda unxibelelwano phakathi kwezenzo zabo kunye nemiphumo yazo ngokwabo. Ungababonisa olo nxibelelwano.
- Indlela yokwazisa abanye abanakekeli (umz., umakhulu, umakazi) ngezi ndlela zintsha kunye nokufumana inkxaso yabo.
Ingcebiso yosapho kunye namayeza e-ADHD
Kubantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-6 ubudala, qhagamshelana nogqirha wengqondo ngaphambi kokuba ubanike amayeza.Ndicebisa kakhulu ukuba uzame unyango lokuziphatha kwabazali. Oku akuthethi ukuba akufanele usebenzise amayeza konke konke. Nangona kunjalo, iziphumo zengcebiso zihlala ixesha elide, kwaye akukho miphumo emibi evela kumayeza. Ngaphezu koko, nokuba umntwana wakho ufunyenwe ene-ADHD, olu nyango lokuziphatha aluyi kubangela monakalo.
Kodwa uphando lubonise ukuba ukunika amayeza kunye neengcebiso zosapho yindlela ephumelelayo kubantwana abakwiminyaka yokufunda esikolweni. Nangona kunjalo, i-FDA e-US ithi abantwana abangaphezu kweminyaka emi-5 ubudala bafanele banikwe amayeza kuphela ukuba iingcebiso aziphuculi ubuncinane inkalo enye yobomi babo.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka uthethe nogqirha womntwana wakho ngaphambi kokuba wenze naziphi na izigqibo malunga nayo nayiphi na kwezi zinto.
Kwakhona, uphando lubonisa ukuba abantwana abaxhamla kwingcebiso yosapho ngelixa besebenzisa amayeza banokukwazi ukunciphisa umthamo wabo wamayeza .
Unyango oluHlanganisiweyo phakathi koMzali nomntwana
Nangona uqeqesho lwabazali ludla ngokucetyiswa kubantwana abancinci, uphando lubonise ukuba abazali nabantwana banokufikelela kwiziphumo ezinkulu xa bedibana nomcebisi kunye. Le ndlela isebenza ngakumbi njengoko umntwana engena ebusheni nasebudaleni. Nangona iimpawu ze-ADHD zinokuncipha ngokuhamba kwexesha, umntwana usenokuba neengxaki zemfundo nezentlalo. Kwaye ingxabano ngaphakathi kosapho isenokuhlala ikho.
| Iingenelo zonyango oludibeneyo | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Ukuphucula ubudlelwane beentsapho | Ukuqondana kuyakhula kuba wonke umntu uthetha kunye. |
| Ukunciphisa uxinzelelo losapho | Ukufumana izisombululo zeengxaki kunye kunciphisa uxinzelelo ekhaya. |
| Uqeqesho Olusebenzayo | Ngenxa yokuba imithetho yenziwa kunye nomntwana, kusenokwenzeka ukuba ilandelwe. |
| Ukubeka esweni okulula | Kulula ukujonga indlela umntwana aziphethe ngayo kunye nenkqubela yakhe kuba wonke umntu ukunye. |
Nokuba umntwana wakho usemncinci, usenokufunda amaqhinga abalulekileyo okukhulisa abantwana. Kodwa aya kwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kubudala bomntwana kunye nobuntu bakhe. Umzekelo:
- Umntwana omncinci uthatha inxaxheba kwiiseshoni zokunika iingcebiso nabazali bakhe.
- Ungamnceda umntwana wakho afumane izisombululo zokuziphatha kwakhe okubi aze agqibe ukuba zeziphi izohlwayo aza kuzisebenzisa. Umzekelo, ukunika umsebenzi wesikolo endaweni 'yokuthatha ixesha'.
- Ukuba ufunda kakuhle aze afumane amanqaku amahle ovavanyo, unokuzibekela usukelo lomvuzo . Oko kuthetha into ebalulekileyo kuye, njengokuvunyelwa ukuba aphume nabahlobo bakhe.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Unyango losapho aluyondlela yodwa yokulawula i-ADHD, kodwa sisixhobo esinamandla kakhulu nesihlala ixesha elide.
- Ukuba unomntwana omncinci, kufuneka uzame unyango loqeqesho lwabazali kuqala. Oku kuya kukufundisa okungaphezulu kunomntwana.
- Ingcebiso yosapho ayisiyonto nje eyenzelwa umntwana. Iyaqinisa ubudlelwane bosapho lonke kwaye yenza imeko yasekhaya ibe yindawo ezolileyo neyonwabisayo.
- Soloko uthetha nogqirha womntwana wakho ukuze akunike iingcebiso ngaphambi kokuba ugqibe ekubeni uza kuqala na amayeza, ingcebiso, okanye zombini ezi zinto.
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