Ngaba nawe ukhathazekile kakhulu ngobunzima bomzimba wakho? Nokuba uzama kangakanani na, ukunciphisa umzimba akulula njengoko ucinga? Mhlawumbi ucinga, "Andityi kakuhle, andinawo amandla okuzilolonga." Kodwa eneneni, ukutyeba kakhulu akukokuswela amandla okuzimisela okanye ukungakwazi ukulawula ukutya. Yimeko enzima ngakumbi, engapheliyo efuna unyango. Yiloo nto sithetha ngayo namhlanje.
Yintoni iClass III Obesity?
Ngamafutshane, iClass III Obesity lolona hlobo lubi kakhulu lokutyeba. Yayibizwa ngokuba yi "Morbid Obesity," kodwa elo gama lalivakala lingathandeki, ngoko oogqirha ngoku basebenzisa igama elithi "Class III Obesity."
Indlela eqhelekileyo yokulinganisa ukutyeba kakhulu yiBody Mass Index (BMI) . Olu lubalo olulula olubonisa ukuba ubunzima bakho bufanelekile na ngokweenqanaba lakho lobude.
- Ukuba i-BMI yakho ingama-40 nangaphezulu, ithathwa njenge-Class III Obesity.
Kodwa khumbula, i-BMI ayisoloko iyindlela yokulinganisa echanekileyo eyi-100%. Ngamanye amaxesha umdlali onezihlunu eziqinileyo unokuba ne-BMI ephezulu, kodwa akatyebanga. Ngoko ke, xa ugqirha ekuxilonga, akayi kujonga i-BMI yakho kuphela, kodwa nezinye izinto ezifana nobubanzi besinqe sakho kunye nobukhulu bomaleko wamafutha esikhumba sakho.
Into ebalulekileyo kukuba le yimeko enokunyangwa. Nangona kungekho sisombululo sobusuku obunye, wena nogqirha wakho ninokusebenzisana ukwenza isicwangciso sokufikelela kubunzima obusempilweni obulungele wena.
Zithini iimpawu kunye neengxaki zokutyeba kakhulu?
Akukho zimpawu zithile ezichaphazela ukutyeba kakhulu kwiKlasi yesiThathu. Uphawu oluphambili yi-BMI engaphezulu kwama-40. Nangona kunjalo, le meko inokuchaphazela iindawo ezahlukeneyo zomzimba wethu kwaye ibangele iingxaki ezinkulu zempilo. Yile nto ekufuneka siyiqwalasele kakhulu.
Makhe sijonge ezinye zeengxaki ezinkulu zempilo ezinokubangelwa koku ngezantsi.
| Inkqubo yomzimba | Iingxaki ezinokwenzeka kunye nezifo |
|---|---|
| Intliziyo kunye nemithambo yegazi | Isifo sentliziyo, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu (uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu), ukugcwala kwamafutha kwimithambo yegazi (i-Atherosclerosis) |
| Inkqubo yokuphefumla | Ukurhona kunye ne-sleep apnea (Obstructive Sleep Apnea), ubunzima bokuphefumla ngenxa yokutyeba kakhulu (Obesity Hypoventilation Syndrome - OHS) |
| Inkqubo ye-endocrine (iihomoni) | Uhlobo lwesibini lwesifo seswekile, isifo se-metabolic syndrome |
| Amathambo kunye namalungu | I-osteoarthritis, ingakumbi emadolweni nasezinqeni |
| Isibindi kunye nezintso | Isifo Sesibindi Esinamafutha, Isifo Sezintso |
| Umngcipheko womhlaza | Umngcipheko okhulayo womhlaza we-pancreatic, i-colon, ibele, kunye ne-liver |
| Impilo Yengqondo | Ukudakumba kunye nezinye iingxaki zempilo yengqondo |
| Impilo yokuzala | Imiba yokuzala echaphazela amandla abantu basetyhini namadoda okufumana abantwana |
Kutheni oku kusenzeka? Zithini izizathu zokutyeba kakhulu?
Abantu abaninzi bakholelwa ukuba ukunyuka kobunzima kubangelwa kukungalingani phakathi kokutya esikutyayo kunye nobungakanani bokuzilolonga esikwenzayo. Oko kuyinyani ngandlela ithile. Xa sitya iikhalori ezingaphezulu kunezo zitshiswa ngumzimba wethu, amandla agqithisileyo agcinwa emzimbeni njengamafutha (izicubu zamafutha).
Kodwa ibali alipheleli apho. Le yingxaki enzima kakhulu.
Okubaluleke kakhulu: Khumbula, ukutyeba kakhulu kwiKlasi yesiThathu akubangelwa kukungakwazi kwakho ukuzimisela okanye ukungakwazi ukulawula ukutya kwakho.
Kukho ezinye izizathu ezininzi ezichaphazela oku:
- I-genetics: Ungamangaliswa kukufumanisa ukuba kuchongwe ii-genes ezingaphezu kwe-15 ezinxulunyaniswa nokutyeba kakhulu. Abanye abantu bathambekele kwi-genetics ekutyebeni kakhulu. Ezinye izifo ze-genetic, ezifana ne-Prader-Willi syndrome, nazo zinokubangela ukutyeba kakhulu.
- Ukungalingani kwamahomoni: Amahomoni zizinto ezinamandla kakhulu emizimbeni yethu. Iimeko ezinxulumene namahomoni ezifana ne-hypothyroidism, i-Cushing's syndrome, kunye ne-polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) zinokubangela ukutyeba okungafunekiyo.
- Amayeza athile: Amanye amayeza owasebenzisayo, umzekelo, amayeza okudakumba, amayeza okuthintela ukugula ngengqondo, kunye ne-corticosteroids, anokubangela ukutyeba njengesiphumo esingesihle.
- Izinto zeNtlalo nezeNkcubeko: Khawucinge nje, zingaphi iintengiso ezikhoyo kumabonwakude nakwi-intanethi zokutya okukhawulezayo okuneekhalori eziphezulu? KwanaseSri Lanka, ngoku kulula ukufumana ivenkile okanye ivenkile yokubhaka i-"Shot-Eats", kodwa kunzima ukufumana imifuno neziqhamo ezilungileyo. Kwakhona, ubungakanani bokutya esikutyayo bukhulu kakhulu ngoku kunangaphambili.
- Izinto ezichaphazela imeko-bume kunye nezoqoqosho: Ngamanye amaxesha ukutya okukhawulezileyo kubiza kancinci kwaye kulula ukukufumana kunokutya okunesondlo. Kwakhona, ukuba uhlala kwindawo apho kungekho ndawo okanye iipaki ezikhuselekileyo zokuhamba nokuzivocavoca, oko kunokunceda ekutyebeni.
Ezinye izinto ezonyusa umngcipheko wokufumana ubunzima
Ukongeza kwezi zizathu zingasentla, ezi zinto zinokunyusa umngcipheko wakho:
- Ukungalali: Uphando lufumanise unxibelelwano phakathi kwabantu abalala ngaphantsi kweeyure ezisi-7 ngosuku kunye ne-BMI ephezulu.
- Uxinzelelo olungapheliyo: Ukuba uxinezelekile ixesha elide, umzimba wakho ukhupha iihomoni ezifana ne-"Cortisol." Ezi homoni zilawula indlala yethu kunye nemetabolism yamandla, nto leyo enokukhokelela ekutyebeni.
- Ubudala: Njengoko ukhula, imetabolism yomzimba wakho iyehla, nto leyo enyusa umngcipheko wokufumana ubunzima.
- Isini: Abafazi badla ngokuba namafutha amaninzi emzimbeni kunamadoda, kwaye banokutyeba ngexesha lokukhulelwa kunye nokuya exesheni.
Ugqirha uyixilonga njani le meko?
Xa usiya kugqirha, uza kuthatha amanyathelo aliqela ukuqinisekisa le meko.
1. Ukubalwa kwe-Body Mass Index (BMI): Okokuqala, ubude nobunzima bakho buyalinganiswa kwaye i-BMI yakho iyabalwa.
2. Ukulinganisa ukujikeleza kwesinqe: Oku kukwayindlela ebaluleke kakhulu yokulinganisa, kuba amafutha agcinwe ejikeleze isisu andisa umngcipheko wezinto ezifana nesifo sentliziyo.
- Kwabasetyhini: Ukuba ingaphezulu kwe-35 intshi
- Kwamadoda: Ukuba ingaphezulu kwee-intshi ezingama-40
- (Kwabo bethu baseMzantsi Asia, oogqirha bacinga ukuba ixabiso eliphantsi nangakumbi liyingozi.)
3. Uvavanyo lwegazi kunye nezinye iimvavanyo: Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa uvavanyo olwahlukeneyo ukuze abone ukuba kukho ezinye iimeko zempilo ezinegalelo ekutyebeni kwakho kwaye afumanise ukuba zeziphi iingxaki ezibangelwa kukutyeba kakhulu.
| Igama lovavanyo | Yintoni evavanywayo? |
|---|---|
| Iprofayili yeLipid | Amanqanaba e-cholesterol yegazi kunye ne-triglyceride |
| IHemoglobin A1C (HbA1C) | Ukuchonga isifo seswekile okanye isifo seswekile esingaphambi kokuba sivele |
| Uvavanyo lweMisebenzi yeSibindi | Ukuze ufunde malunga nokusebenza kwesibindi kunye nokugcinwa kwamafutha |
| IHormone Evuselela I-Thyroid (TSH) | Ukujonga umsebenzi we-thyroid |
| I-Electrocardiogram (EKG) | Ukujonga ukusebenza kwentliziyo |
Zithini iindlela zonyango? Sijongana njani nale meko?
Le yeyona nxalenye ibalulekileyo. Khumbula, akukho nyango lufanayo. Uza kufuna isicwangciso sonyango esikhethekileyo kuwe, esisekelwe kumzimba wakho, indlela ophila ngayo, kunye neenjongo zempilo. Ugqirha wakho uza kukunceda ngale nto.
Iindlela eziphambili zonyango zingahlulwahlulwa zibe ziindidi ezine:
1. Utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila esempilweni
Le yindlela yonyango olusisiseko ngayo.
- Utshintsho kwindlela yokutya:Ungadibana nogqirha wezondlo ukuze ucebe ukutya okunesondlo okukulungeleyo. Oku akuthethi ukuba ungatyi ukutya, kodwa kufuneka utye izinto ezifanelekileyo, ngobungakanani obufanelekileyo, ngamaxesha afanelekileyo.
- Umsebenzi womzimba: Ukuzilolonga akupheleli nje ekunciphiseni ubunzima, kodwa kukwaluncedo nakwimpilo yakho yengqondo. Nangona kunjalo, musa ukuqala ukwenza umthambo onzima ngaxeshanye. Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokuba loluphi uhlobo lomthambo olulungele wena kunye nexesha omele ulwenze.
- Ubuthongo obuhle: Kubalulekile ukulala iiyure ezisi-7 ukuya kwezisi-8 ngosuku.
- Ukulawula uxinzelelo: Uxinzelelo luyimbangela enkulu yokutyeba. Izinto ezifana nokucamngca kunye nokuzilolonga ngokuphefumla zinokukunceda ukulawula uxinzelelo.
2. Unyango lokuziphatha kunye nonyango lwengqondo
Ngamanye amaxesha kunokubakho izizathu zengqondo ezibangela indlela esitya ngayo. Iimeko ezifana nokudakumba kunye nokuxhalaba zihlala zibonakala kunye nokutyeba kakhulu. Ke ngoko, ukuthetha nogqirha wengqondo (Talk Therapy) kunokuba luncedo kakhulu. `(Cognitive Behavioral Therapy - CBT)` yenye yeendlela ezisebenzayo ezisetyenziselwa oku.
3. Amayeza
Ukuba utshintsho lwendlela yokuphila lodwa alwanelanga ukulawula ubunzima bakho, ugqirha wakho unokukunika amayeza okukunceda unciphise ubunzima. La mayeza asebenza kakhulu ngokulawula indlala yakho nokwenza uzive ugcwele emva kokutya kancinci.
Imizekelo: `(Orlistat)`, `(Liraglutide)`, `(Semaglutide)`
La mayeza afanele athathwe kuphela phantsi kwengcebiso kagqirha . Anokuba nemiphumo emibi, ngoko ke ugqirha wakho uya kukunceda ukhethe amayeza afanelekileyo kuwe.
4. Utyando kunye neenkqubo zokunciphisa umzimba
Ezi ndlela zingaqwalaselwa kubantu abatyebe kakhulu kwaye abaye bahluleka kuzo zonke ezinye iindlela. Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili zezi.
- Iinkqubo ze-Endoscopic: Iinkqubo ezingezizo ezotyando ezibandakanya ukufakwa kwe-endoscope (ityhubhu enekhamera) ngomlomo ukuze isisu sibe sincinci. Umzekelo: I-Endoscopic Sleeve Gastroplasty (ESG).
- Utyando lweBariatric: Olu lutyando.
- Utyando lweSisu: Inxalenye encinci yesisu iyadalwa ize idityaniswe ngqo namathumbu amancinci.
- Ukususwa kwesisu ngemikhono: Inxalenye enkulu yesisu iyasuswa, nto leyo eyenza isisu sibe sincinci.
Nangona olu tyando lunokuvelisa iziphumo ezilungileyo kakhulu, lukwaneengozi kunye neengxaki. Ngoko ke, esi sisigqibo esinzulu kakhulu. Kufuneka uxoxe ngoku ixesha elide nogqirha wakho.
Imibuzo omele uyibuze ugqirha wakho
Ukuba unengxaki yokulawula ubunzima bakho, ungathandabuzi ukuya kugqirha. Xa umbona, ukumbuza le mibuzo kuya kuba luncedo kakhulu.
| Buza ugqirha wakho. |
|---|
| - Ngaba ndinaso esinye isifo esinokubangela ukuba ndityebe kakhulu? |
| - Ngaba amayeza endiwasebenzisayo aza kubangela ukutyeba? |
| - Zeziphi iindlela endiphila ngazo eziye zanefuthe kakhulu kule meko? |
| - Ziziphi ezinye iingxaki zempilo endibe nazo ngenxa yokutyeba kwam? |
| - Ziziphi iindlela zonyango endinazo? |
| - Ngaba kufuneka ndidibane nengcali yesondlo? |
| - Ingaba amayeza okanye utyando lokunciphisa umzimba lufanelekile kum? |
Okokugqibela, uhambo lokunciphisa umzimba lunokuba ngumceli mngeni. Kusenokubakho amahlandenyuka endleleni. Kodwa akunakwenzeka. Endaweni yokuzama ukwenza utshintsho olukhulu ngaxeshanye, yenza utshintsho oluncinci ngexesha elinye. Khumbula ukuba nokulahlekelwa kancinci njenge-5% okanye i-10% yobunzima bakho buphela kunokuba nefuthe elihle kwizinto ezifana noxinzelelo lwegazi, amanqanaba eswekile, kunye namanqanaba e-cholesterol . Ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kuphucula umgangatho wobomi bakho.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ukutyeba kakhulu (iClass III Obesity) asikobuthathaka bomntu, kodwa yimeko enzima yezonyango ephenjelelwa ziimeko ezininzi zemfuza, iihomoni, kunye nokusingqongileyo.
- Le meko ikhokelela kwiingxaki ezininzi zempilo ezinzulu, ezifana nesifo seswekile, isifo sentliziyo, kunye nomhlaza, kodwa inokunyangeka ngempumelelo.
- Iindlela zonyango ziyahluka kumntu nomntu kwaye zinokubandakanya utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila, amayeza, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha notyando.
- Ukuba ukhathazekile ngobunzima bakho, thetha nogqirha wakho ngoko nangoko uze wenze isicwangciso sonyango esifanelekileyo kuwe.
- Bhiyozela noloyiso luncinci! Ukunciphisa ubunzima bakho obuyi-5% kunokwenza umahluko omkhulu kwimpilo yakho.
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