Ngaba ngamanye amaxesha awunangxaki yokuva into ethethwa ngumntu ngokucacileyo? Okanye ngaba ufumana kunzima ukubamba amagama athile nangona usebenzisa isixhobo sokuncedisa ukuva? Oku kungakhululeki kunokuba nkulu xa uthetha neqela labantu okanye kwindawo enengxolo. Namhlanje sithetha ngetekhnoloji eye yazisa iziphumo eziphumelelayo kakhulu kubantu abanengxaki yokuva kakhulu, kunye nabantwana abancinci abanesifo sokuva esizalwa naso. Leyo yi-cochlear implant.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-cochlear implant?
I-cochlear implant sisixhobo se-elektroniki esinceda ukulawula ukulahleka kokuva. Ukuba unengxaki yokuva ephakathi, enzima, okanye enzulu kwindlebe enye okanye zombini kwaye izixhobo zakho zokuva eziqhelekileyo aziboneleli ngenzuzo eyaneleyo, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa olu nyango.
Kukho into ekufuneka siyiqonde ngokucacileyo apha. I-cochlear implant ayizukubuyisela ukuva kwakho okulahlekileyo. Kodwa iya kuyiphucula kakhulu indlela oqonda ngayo into ethethwa ngumntu kwaye uqaphele ezinye izandi.
Cinga ngale ndlela: isixhobo sokuncedisa ukuva sifana nokunyusa isandi kwiTV. Senza isandi sibe phezulu. I-cochlear implant yinto eyahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo. Idala indlela entsha edlula kwiindawo ezonakeleyo zendlebe kwaye ithumele imiqondiso yesandi ngqo engqondweni.
Isebenza njani le sixhobo sincinci?
Ngaphakathi ezindlebeni zethu, ngaphakathi kwekhakayi, kukho inxalenye ebizwa ngokuba yi-cochlea, efana neqokobhe lenkumba. Ngokuqhelekileyo, iingxaki zokuva zenzeka ngenxa yomonakalo kwiiseli zeenwele ezibuthathaka kakhulu ngaphakathi kweli cochlea. Le meko siyibiza ngokuba kukulahlekelwa kukuva kwe-sensorineural. Ngokuqhelekileyo, amaza esandi avela ngaphandle aguqulwa abe ziimpawu zombane ngaphakathi kwi-cochlea, ezithunyelwa engqondweni nge-auditory nerve. Ingqondo itolika ezi zimpawu njenge "sandi."
I-cochlear implant idlula indawo yeseli yeenwele eyonakeleyo. Nantsi indlela esebenza ngayo, inyathelo ngenyathelo:
- Inyathelo 1: Imakrofoni kunye neprosesa yesandi oyinxibayo ngasemva kwendlebe yakho zithatha isandi esivela kwindawo engaphandle.
- Inyathelo lesi-2: Le processor ithumela imiqondiso yesandi kwi-transmitter enamathele entlokweni ngemagnethi.
- Inyathelo lesi-3: Umthumeli uguqula ezo mpawu zibe zii-electrical impulses aze azithumele kwi-receiver, efakwa ngotyando phantsi kolusu.
- Inyathelo lesi-4:Umamkeli uthumela ezo mpembelelo kwii-electrodes ezibekwe ngaphakathi kwi-cochlea.
- Inyathelo lesi-5: Ezi electrodes zithatha indawo yeeseli zeenwele ezonakeleyo kwaye zivuselele ngokuthe ngqo umthambo wokuva.
- Inyathelo lesi-6: Umthambo wokuva uthwala ezo mvakalelo uziyise engqondweni. Ingqondo yakho emva koko itolika ezo mpawu njengebali, ingoma, okanye esinye isandi.
Izixhobo zokufakelwa kweCochlear kunye notyando
Kukho iinxalenye ezimbini eziphambili kwesi sixhobo. Eyokuqala yinxalenye enxitywa ngaphandle, enye yinxalenye efakelwe ngaphakathi emzimbeni ngotyando.
| Inxalenye yesixhobo | Oko ikuquletheyo |
|---|---|
| Inxalenye yokunxiba yangaphandle | Imakrofoni, iProsesa yesandi, kunye neTransmitter |
| Inxalenye efakwe ngotyando | Ii-electrode kunye ne-Receiver |
Lwenziwa njani utyando?
Oku kudla ngokwenziwa yingcali yendlebe, impumlo, nomqala (otolaryngologist). Uza kunikwa i-anesthesia jikelele ngexesha lenkqubo, ukuze ungaziva ntlungu.
- Ugqirha uza kwenza umngxuma omncinci eluswini olungasemva kwendlebe yakho.
- Ngayo, kwenziwa umngxuma omncinci kwithambo lekhakayi.
- Ngokusebenzisa loo mbobo, iindawo zangaphakathi zesixhobo (isamkeli kunye nee-electrodes) zincamathiselwa kwiindawo ezifanelekileyo.
- Emva koko i-incision ivalwa ngezititshi.
Olu lutyando oludla ngokuthatha iiyure ezimbalwa, kwaye kwiimeko ezininzi ungagoduka ngokuhlwa.
Kwenzeka ntoni emva kotyando?
Malunga neeveki ezimbini emva kotyando, kuya kufuneka uphinde ubonane nogqirha wakho. Ngelo xesha, ingcali yesandi iya kungena, incamathisele iindawo zangaphandle zesixhobo, ize isivule. Kulapho ke uya kuva khona izandi ngesixhobo okokuqala. Ingcali yesandi iya kusebenzisa ikhompyutha ukuzoba isixhobo ukuze usive kakuhle.
Zithini iingenelo kunye neengozi?
Njengakwezinye iindlela zonyango, kukho iingenelo kunye neengozi ezincinci. Nangona kunjalo, iingozi ziphantsi kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa neenzuzo ze-cochlear implant.
| Iingenelo eziphambili | Iingozi ezinokwenzeka (ezinqabileyo kakhulu) |
|---|---|
| Ukukwazi ukuphendula nokwenza iifowuni. | Ukonakala kwemithambo-luvo kwindawo yotyando. |
| Ukukwazi ukuthatha inxaxheba kwiincoko nakwiindawo ezinengxolo ephezulu. | I-Meningitis - (Ugqirha ucebisa isitofu sokunciphisa le ngozi). |
| Iyanciphisa i-tinnitus kubantu abaneengxolo ezindlebeni. | Ukulahlekelwa kukuva okushiyekileyo okwakukho ngaphambi kotyando (kodwa oku akuxhaphakanga ngoku ngenxa yeendlela zanamhlanje). |
| Abantwana abazalwa benengxaki yokuva (emva kweenyanga ezili-9 ubudala) banokufunda ukuthetha ngokukhawuleza njengabantwana abaqhelekileyo. | Ukuvuza kolwelo lwe-cerebrospinal. |
| Ukuva izandi zesilumkiso (iimpondo zesithuthi, ii-siren) kwindawo engqongileyo. | Iingxaki zokulinganisela/iVertigo, ezifana nesiyezi. |
Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukufumana iziphumo?
Oku akuyonto itshintsha ngobusuku obunye. Kuthatha ixesha elithile ukuba ingqondo yakho ifunde ukuqonda ezi mpawu zintsha. Ekuqaleni, izandi ozivayo zingabonakala ngathi zezomatshini, njengerobhothi ethethayo. Oku kuqhelekile kakhulu.
Kudla ngokuthatha malunga nenyanga ukuze ubone ukuphucuka okubonakalayo kwindlela ova ngayo. Kungathatha ukuya kuthi ga kwiinyanga ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-6 ukuze abanye abantu baphile ngokupheleleyo. Ngeli xesha, kuya kufuneka usebenze nengcali ye-audiologist okanye ingcali ye-speech-language pathologist. Baza kukunceda uqeqeshe ingqondo yakho. Ukuze ufumane okuninzi kolu nyango, kubalulekile ukuba uye kwezi seshoni zoqeqesho ngokuzinikela.
Izinto ekufuneka uziqwalasele xa uphila nokuqunjelwa
Ukuze ufumane okungakumbi kolu nyango, qwalasela la manqaku:
- Nxiba isixhobo rhoqo: Nxiba inxalenye engaphandle yesixhobo nanini na xa uvukile. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba ingqondo yakho iqhele.
- Yiya kwiiseshoni zoqeqesho: Musa ukutsiba iiseshoni zonyango kuba ingqondo ifunda izinto ezintsha.
- Yazi into ongamele uyenze: Kufuneka uyisuse inxalenye engaphandle xa uhlamba okanye udada. Kukwabubulumko ukuphepha imidlalo edibanisa intloko, kuba ukubetheka kungonakalisa isixhobo sangaphakathi.
- Yonwabela into onokuyenza: Oku akuyonto ithintela ubomi bakho. Endaweni yoko, lithuba lokuphinda uqhagamshelane nehlabathi obukade uliphoswa. Ugqirha wakho kunye nengcali ye-audiologist baya kukuxelela okungakumbi ngale nto.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba ukuba ufumana naluphi na utshintsho kwindlela ova ngayo, iintlungu zendlebe, ukungakhululeki, ukubomvu, ukudumba, okanye ubomvu kwindawo yotyando, bonana nogqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
I-cochlear implant itshintsha ubomi ngokwenene. Ingavula ucango kwihlabathi lesandi ongazange ulibone. Kumntwana wakho, inokuba linyathelo lakhe lokuqala kwihlabathi lesandi. Nangona olu hambo lungathatha ixesha, iqela lakho lezonyango liya kuba nawe kuyo yonke inyathelo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-cochlear implant sisixhobo se-elektroniki sokulahlekelwa kakhulu kukuva, kwaye isebenza ngendlela eyahlukileyo kunesixhobo esiqhelekileyo sokuncedisa ukuva.
- Oku kudlula kwiindawo ezonakeleyo zendlebe kwaye kuhambisa imiqondiso yesandi ngqo kwimithambo-luvo yokuva.
- Le nkqubo ifuna utyando oluncinci kunye noqeqesho olulandelayo lwe-audiological therapy.
- Kungathatha iinyanga ezininzi ukubona iziphumo nokuba ingqondo iqhele izandi ezintsha, ngoko ke ukuzinikela kubalulekile.
- Ukuba kukho naziphi na iingxaki okanye ulwazi oluthe kratya, soloko uqhagamshelana nogqirha wakho we-ENT kunye ne-Audiologist.
💬 Comments (0)
Akukho zimvo zithunyelweyo okwangoku. Faka uluvo lwakho apha okokuqala.
Faka uluvo lwakho