Yintoni i-coma? Makhe sithethe ngale meko inzima yokulahlekelwa zingqondo!

Mhlawumbi ukhe weva umntu esithi "ungene kwi-coma" okanye ubone umntu kwimuvi evale amehlo akhe, engashukumi konke konke. Esi sisifo esibi kakhulu nesisongela ubomi. Ngoko ke, namhlanje siza kuthetha ngokuba yintoni kanye kanye i-coma, kutheni isenzeka, kunye nento esinokuyenza ngayo.

Yintoni kanye kanye i-coma?

Ngamafutshane, ukuba kwi-coma kuthetha ukuba awukho zingqondweni , awuqondi okwenzekayo kufutshane nawe, kwaye awuphenduli nangayiphi na indlela . Awuqondi ngomzimba wakho okanye iimfuno zawo. Ngamafutshane, i-coma ithetha ukuba ingqondo yakho ayisebenzi kakuhle .

Cinga ngale ndlela: ingqondo ifana neziko lolawulo lomzimba wethu. Oku kwenzeka xa ingasebenzi kakuhle. I-coma inokubangelwa ziimeko ezahlukeneyo ezichaphazela okanye zonakalise kakhulu ingqondo. Ayizizo zonke ii-coma ezifanayo. Ezinye zinzulu , oko kuthetha ukuba umsebenzi wobuchopho uphazamiseka kakhulu.

I-Coma yingxamiseko yezonyango . Ukuba umntu okwindawo okuyo akazi nto kwaye akaphenduli, fowunela u-911 (okanye inombolo yakho yongxamiseko yasekuhlaleni) ngoko nangoko . Izinto ezininzi ezibangela i-coma zifuna unyango olukhawulezileyo. Ukulibaziseka kunokukhokelela kwiingxaki ezinkulu, kwanokufa.

Zixhaphake kangakanani ii-coma?

Ngokweziphumo zophando ezikhoyo, kumazwe afana ne-United States ne-England, malunga namatyala amatsha angama-250 e-coma ayenzeka kubantu abayi-100,000 ngonyaka. Nangona kunjalo, kukho ukungaqiniseki malunga nokuba olu qikelelo luchane kangakanani na. Kukho izizathu ezahlukeneyo zoku. Esinye isizathu esikhulu kukuba ezinye zeemeko ezibangela i-coma ziyanyangeka kwaye zinokunyangwa ngokukhawuleza. Ngamanye amaxesha, ezi zinokunyangwa ngabancedi bokuqala ngaphambi kokuba zifike esibhedlele. Esinye isizathu kukuba kukho ezinye iimeko ezinokubonakala njenge-coma, kodwa zahlukile ngokwenene.

I-coma inokwenzeka nakubani na onesifo esichaphazela ukusebenza kwengqondo. Ingachaphazela nabani na, kungakhathaliseki ubudala, isini, uhlanga, okanye unqulo.

Zithini iimpawu ze-coma?

Kukho iimpawu ezintathu eziphambili ze-coma:

• Ukungazi nto: Oku kufana nokulala ubuthongo obunzulu kakhulu. Akukho ndlela yokukuvusa .
• Ukungabikho kwempendulo yamehlo: Oku kuthetha ukuba amehlo akho avalekile. Awuphenduli nokuba umntu uzama ukuvula amehlo akho. Ngamanye amaxesha kunokubakho iintshukumo ezithile ze-reflex emehlweni. Umzekelo, ukuphendula ekukhanyeni, ukuqhwanyaza, kunye nokujika amehlo akho xa ujika intloko yakho. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba i-coma inzulu kakhulu, ezi reflex zisenokungenzeki njengoko bekulindelwe.
• Ukungabikho kwempendulo yemoto:Oko kuthetha ukuba awenzi ntshukumo ngabom . Ngamanye amaxesha usenokuba nee-reflexes ezithile. Kodwa ukuba i-coma inzulu kakhulu, nazo zisenokulahleka. Ungayibona nokuba inzulu kangakanani i-coma ngohlobo lwee-reflexes ozibonisayo.

Nangona ezi mpawu zihlala zibonakala xa umntu ekwi-coma, kunokubakho utshintsho oluthile. Abanye abantu basenokuba neempendulo ezitshintshileyo zemisipha.

Yintoni iGlasgow Coma Scale (GCS)?

I-Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) yeyona ndlela isetyenziswa kakhulu kwihlabathi liphela ukulinganisa ubunzima be-coma. I-GCS ineendidi ezintathu eziphambili, kwaye udidi ngalunye lunikwe amanqaku. Amanqaku aphezulu yi-15. Oku kuthetha ukuba uyazi ngokupheleleyo, uyazi kakuhle indawo okuyo, uyakwazi ukuqonda nokuphendula imibuzo, kwaye uyakwazi ukulandela imiyalelo.

Ngokubanzi, amanqaku asi-8 okanye ngaphantsi athetha ukuba ukwi-coma. Okukhona amanqaku ephantsi, kokukhona i-coma inzulu. Amanqaku aphantsi yi-3. Iindidi ezintathu ezilinganiswe yi-GCS zezi:

• Impendulo yamehlo (amanqaku ayi-1-4)
• Impendulo yentshukumo (amanqaku ali-1-6)
• Impendulo ethethwayo (1-5 amanqaku)

Ziziphi izizathu ezinokubangela i-coma?

Zininzi izizathu ezinokubangela okanye ezinokubangela i-coma. Makhe sijonge ukuba zeziphi:

• Utshintsho olungaqhelekanga kumanqanaba eswekile egazini: Oku kuquka ukuqhawuka kweswekile okunxulumene nesifo seswekile. Zombini iswekile ephantsi egazini (hypoglycemia) kunye neswekile ephezulu egazini (hyperglycemia) ziyingozi.
• Amayeza kunye neenkqubo zonyango: I-Anesthesia yotyando, kunye ne-coma ebangelwa ngugqirha.
• Ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi zonyango kunye nezo zingezizo zonyango.
• Ukunxila kotywala kunye nokutyhefwa butywala.
• Ukulimala entloko: Izinto ezifana nokuxhuzula, ezenzeka xa intloko ibethwa kwingozi, okanye izinto ezinzulu ngakumbi ezifana nokwenzakala kwengqondo okubangela i-traumatic brain injuries (TBI) .
• Ubuchopho buphuma igazi.
• Ukuncipha kokuhamba kwegazi ukuya engqondweni: Kunokubangelwa naluphi na uhlobo lwestroke, ingakumbi istroke ye-ischemic .
• Ukungabikho kweoksijini (i-hypoxia yobuchopho).
• Izinto ezinobuthi: Umzekelo , i-carbon monoxide , iintsimbi ezinzima, kunye nezinye izibulali-zinambuzane.
• Iintsholongwane: Ingakumbi izifo zobuchopho ezifana ne -encephalitis kunye ne-meningitis , kunye neemeko ezisongela ubomi ezifana ne-sepsis .
• Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwezintso okanye isibindi.
• Iimeko zokudumba okanye izifo ezinxulumene nenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela: Umzekelo , 'iMultiple Sclerosis' (MS) .
• Ukungalingani kwe-electrolyte: Iimeko ezifana ne-sodium encinci kakhulu (hyponatremia) okanye i-calcium eninzi kakhulu (hypercalcemia) .
• Utshintsho olungaqhelekanga kubushushu bomzimba: Ubushushu bomzimba obuphantsi kakhulu (hypothermia) kunye nobushushu bomzimba obuphezulu kakhulu (hyperthermia) .
• Uxinzelelo oluphezulu ngaphakathi kwentloko (Intracranial hypertension): Oku kunokubangelwa zizifo ezifana ne -hydrocephalus .
• Ukuxhuzula: Ingakumbi 'iStatus Epilepticus', esisifo sokuxhuzula esihlala sikhona.

Ngubani osengozini enkulu yokuba ne-coma?

Ezinye iimeko zempilo kunye nezinto ezichaphazela indlela yokuphila zinokunyusa umngcipheko wokuba yi-coma. Ezi ziquka:

• Iimeko zeMetabolic: Iimeko ezichaphazela amanqanaba eswekile egazini , ezifana neType 1 Diabetes kunye nengxaki engaqhelekanga yeType 2 Diabetes, ebizwa ngokuba yiDiabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) .
• Izifo ezihlala ixesha elide: Izinto ezifana noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu (uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu) kunye ne-cholesterol ephezulu (uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu) . Ezi zinokubangela ukopha ebuchotsheni okanye isifo sohlangothi.
• Ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi notywala: Ukuba likhoboka lazo naziphi na iziyobisi, kuquka iziyobisi ezingekho mthethweni, iintlungu ze-opioid, iipilisi zokulala, ukuba likhoboka lotywala, ukuba likhoboka le-opioid, kunye nokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi ezifuthwayo.
• Ukungazisebenzisi izixhobo zokhuseleko: Ukungazisebenzisi izixhobo zokhuseleko ezifana nezigcina-ntloko kunye neebhanti zesihlalo kunokubangela ukwenzakala entloko kunye neemeko ezifana nokuxhuzula okanye iiTBI .
• Izifo ezinxulumene nentliziyo: Izinto ezifana nokungahambelani kakuhle kwezingqisho zentliziyo.
• Ezinye iimeko ezihlala ixesha elide: Iimeko ezifana nesifo sokuwa , i-hypothyroidism .

Ziziphi iingxaki ezinokubakho xa umntu ekwi-coma?

Umntu okwi-coma akanakuzinyamekela. Akakwazi ukuhambahamba, ukutya, ukuhlamba, okanye ukwenza nayiphi na kwezi zinto. Oku kuthetha ukuba udinga unyango iiyure ezingama-24 ngosuku. Umntu okwi-coma unokufuna i-catheter yomchamo ukuze amncede akhuphe umchamo. Kuqhelekile ukuba afune uncedo lokuphefumla, okubizwa ngokuba yi -mechanical ventilation.oko kukuthi, zenzelwe ukuphefumla ngoncedo lomatshini.

Ezinye zeengxaki ezinokubakho ngenxa ye-coma okanye unyango oluhambelana nayo ziquka:

• Izifo ezinxulumene nesibhedlele: ezifana ne -ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) kunye ne-catheter -associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) .
• Ukulimala koxinzelelo/Izilonda zokulala: Amanye amalungu omzimba angonzakala ngenxa yokuhlala kwindawo enye.
• Ukondla ngetyhubhu.
• Ukuwohloka kwemisipha.
• I-Thrombosis: Ukuthintela oku, kusetyenziswa izixhobo zokunciphisa igazi (i-anticoagulants) kunye nezixhobo zoxinzelelo lwe-pneumatic (IPC) ezihlala ixesha elide . Oku kunokuthintela izinto ezifana ne-stroke kunye ne-pulmonary embolism.
• Ukuphambana kwengqondo.
• Ukudala umngxuma emqaleni ukuze uphefumle (Tracheostomy): Oku kudla ngokuba yimfuneko kuphela ukuba i-coma ihlala ngaphezulu kweeveki ezimbini.

Uyibona njani i-coma?

Ukufumanisa unobangela we-coma - oko kukuthi, ukuchonga imeko yezonyango esisiseko - yinto ekufuneka yenzeke ngokukhawuleza . Elinye lamanyathelo okuqala ekufumaniseni i-coma kukwenza uvavanyo lwe-neurological . Ugqirha unokusebenzisa into efana neGlasgow Coma Scale ukufumanisa ubukhali be-coma.

Ukongeza kuvavanyo lwemithambo-luvo, oogqirha baya kwenza iimvavanyo ezininzi ukuze bafumanise unobangela we-coma kunye nokuba ingxaki inzima kangakanani. Umzekelo, ukuba kubekho ukwenzakala entloko, kulula ukufumanisa unobangela. Emva koko iimvavanyo ziya kujonga ubungakanani bomonakalo. Xa unobangela ungaziwa, ukufumana unobangela we-coma kunye nokufumanisa ubunzulu besizathu phantse yinto enye.

Zeziphi iimvavanyo ezenziwayo ukuze kufunyaniswe esi sifo?

Kukho iimvavanyo ezininzi ezinokunceda ekuxilongeni i-coma nokufumanisa ubukhali bayo. Ezinye zazo ziquka:

• Uvavanyo lwelabhoratri kwigazi, umchamo, kunye nolwelo lwe-cerebrospinal (CSF): Olu vavanyo luluncedo kakhulu ekufumaneni izizathu ezininzi ze-coma. Lunokufumanisa izinto ezininzi, kuquka iingxaki zeswekile egazini, ukungalingani kwetyuwa, ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwamalungu omzimba, iityhefu, kunye neempawu zosulelo.
• Uvavanyo lokuxilonga: Olu vavanyo lunokusebenzisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo "zokubona" ​​ukwenzakala okanye umonakalo ngaphakathi entlokweni yakho. Uvavanyo oluqhelekileyo lovavanyo lokujonga yi-'CT scans' (i-Computed Tomography - i-CT scans) kunye ne -'MRI scans' (i-Magnetic Resonance Imaging - i-MRI scans) .
• I-Electroencephalogram (EEG):Olu vavanyo lufumanisa kwaye lurekhode umsebenzi wombane engqondweni yakho. Lunokunceda ekufumaniseni ubukhali be-coma nokuchonga iimeko ezinokubangela i-coma, njenge-epilepsy.
• I-Electrocardiogram (ECG okanye EKG): Olu vavanyo lunokunceda ekuchongeni okanye ekususeni ingxaki yesingqisho sentliziyo enokubangela i-coma.

Ukongeza kwezi, ezinye iimvavanyo zinokwenziwa. Oku kuya kuxhomekeka kuhlobo lwe-coma, imeko yakho, kunye nembali yakho yempilo. Ukuba umntu osondeleyo kuwe ukwi-coma, ugqirha ngumntu ofanelekileyo ukucacisa ukuba zeziphi iimvavanyo ezenziwayo. Wakuba ubuyele engqondweni, angakuxelela ukuba zeziphi iimvavanyo ezenziweyo.

Inyangwa njani i-coma? Ngaba inganyangeka?

Unyango lwe-coma luxhomekeke kakhulu kwisizathu esiyintloko . Ngenxa yokuba zininzi izizathu ze-coma, zininzi iindlela zonyango. Oko kusebenza kwesinye isizathu kusenokungasebenzi kwesinye (okanye kunokwenza esinye imeko sibe sibi ngakumbi).

Ngoko ke, ugqirha ngoyena mntu ulungileyo ukukuxelela ukuba loluphi unyango olufumanekayo nolucetyiswayo kwimeko yakho ethile okanye yomntu osondeleyo kuwe.

Unyango oluqhelekileyo olungxamisekileyo

Ngaphambi kokuba kwaziwe unobangela we-coma, kukho unyango oluthile olunokuqaliswa ngoogqirha okanye abanakekeli. Olu nyango ludla ngokunxulumene neemeko zonyango ezaziwayo, okanye izinto umntu acinga ukuba zingabangela i-coma ngokusekelwe kubungqina obumngqongileyo. Olu nyango lunokunceda umntu azinzise, ​​luthintele i-coma ukuba ibe mandundu, okanye nokuba aphume kwi-coma ngokupheleleyo. Imizekelo ibandakanya:

• Iglucose okanye i-insulin: Ezi zinceda ekunyuseni okanye ekwehliseni amanqanaba eswekile egazini. Ukuba iglucose inikwa ngexesha elifanelekileyo, i-coma inokuguqulwa ngokukhawuleza.
• Amayeza okuguqula ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi ngokugqithisileyo: Umzekelo 'yiNaloxone' . Oku kunokuguqula ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi ngokugqithisileyo. INaloxone inokuguqula ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi ngokugqithisileyo kwimizuzu emibini ukuya kwemihlanu.

Ngokuphathelele iingxaki/iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zonyango, ekubeni kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango lwe-coma, kukho iingxaki ezininzi kunye neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokuvela kunyango. Ugqirha wakho ngumntu ofanelekileyo ukuchaza ukuba zeziphi iziphumo okanye iingxaki ezinokubakho kunye noko kunokwenziwa ngazo.

Kunjani ukuba kwi-coma?

Ukuba kwi-coma kudla ngokuthetha ukuba awukho zingqondweni , ngoko ke awazi ukuba ukwi-coma. Awubonisi naluphi na ulwazi ngehlabathi elikungqongileyo. Awuphenduli ngabom kwimeko yakho, kwindawo okuyo, okanye kwiimfuno zomzimba wakho. Ngokuxhomekeke kubunzulu be-coma, unokuba nee-reflexes ezithile, kodwa ezi ziya kwahluka ngokwemeko nganye.

Xa ukwi-coma, ngaba uyaziva izinto ezenzekayo kufutshane nawe? Uyakhumbula?

OkuInokwenzeka ngamanye amaxesha, kodwa kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwe-coma kunye nokuba i-coma yakho inzulu kangakanani. Kukho ubungqina bokuba abantu abakwi-comas banokuziva izinto ezenzekayo ezibangqongileyo. Abanye abantu abaye baphila kwi-comas baye bakwazi ukukhumbula izinto ezenzeke kufutshane, njengeencoko. Nangona kunjalo, oku kunokwahluka kakhulu. Kunzima ukutsho ngokuthe ngqo ukuba umntu uza kuhlangabezana nini okanye njani nale meko.

Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba i-coma ngamanye amaxesha inokuba nzima ukuyixilonga. Oogqirha basebenzisa uqeqesho lwabo, amava abo, kunye nokugweba kwabo ukufumanisa le meko. Kodwa ayizizo zonke iimeko ezifanayo. Oku kuthetha ukuba i-coma inokuchongwa gwenxa okanye ubunzulu bayo buncitshiswe ngenxa yezinye izinto. Kwakhona, umntu usenokuba kwi-coma ekuqaleni aze abuyele kwinqanaba elithile lengqondo ngaphambi kokuba ugqirha aqaphele utshintsho kwingqondo.

Ngenxa yokuba zininzi izinto ezibangela oku, lo mbuzo awulula ukuwuphendula. Ugqirha ngumntu ongcono ukukunceda ufumane ukuba wena okanye umntu osondeleyo kuwe wayephaphile kwaye ekhumbula ukuba kwenzeke ntoni ngexesha lokungakhumbuli kakuhle. Nangona esenokungakwazi ukuphendula lo mbuzo ngokupheleleyo, ubuncinane unokukunceda uqonde indlela olo lwazi oluchaphazela ngayo inkqubo yokuchacha kunye noko kwenzekayo emva koko (ukuba kukho).

Ihlala ixesha elingakanani i-coma?

I-coma inokuhlala ixesha elifutshane kakhulu, imizuzu embalwa nje . Okanye ingathatha iveki okanye ezimbini . Ngelishwa, ukufa kunokwenzeka nakwi-coma. Oku kunokwenzeka kakhulu xa i-coma ibangelwa kukwenzakala okanye ukugula okubi kakhulu, okanye ukuba umntu akafumani nyango ngokukhawuleza emva kokuba ekwi-coma.

Kunqabile kakhulu ukuba i-coma ihlale iiveki ezingaphezu kwezimbalwa. Oku kungenxa yokuba isiphumo esiqhelekileyo kukuba umntu avuke kwi-coma okanye umntu atshintshele kwenye imeko yokuncipha kwengqondo okanye ukungabikho kwengqondo. Nazi:

• Imeko Yokuhluma: Umntu okule meko uphaphile kodwa akaqondi ngehlabathi elimngqongileyo. Akabonisi similo sinenjongo. Angavula amehlo akhe aze enze izinto ezibonakala ngathi zisabela kwihlabathi elimngqongileyo, kodwa akaqondi ngokwenene kwaye akenzi nto ngabom. Ukuba imeko yokuhluma ihlala ixesha elide, ikwabizwa ngokuba yimeko yokuhluma eqhubekayo (PVS) . (Ngokweengcali, imeko yokuhluma ehlala ubuncinane iinyanga ezintathu ngaphandle kwengozi, okanye iinyanga ezilishumi elinesibini ukuba ibangelwe yingozi, ithathwa njengeqhubekayo.)
• 'Imeko Engacacanga Kakhulu': Le yimeko apho umntu eqonda ihlabathi elimngqongileyo aze abonakalise ukuziphatha okunenjongo. Banokulandela imiyalelo elula baze bathethe izivakalisi ezimfutshane. Kodwa abakwazi ukwenza ezi zinto rhoqo. Xa bengakwazi ukwenza ezi zinto, babonakala ngathi 'bakwimeko yokungakhuli kwezityalo'.

Nangona 'imeko yokuhluma' ifana ne-coma, ayisiyo-coma konke konke. Abantu abakwimeko yokuhluma baye babuyela kwimeko yabo yantlandlolo kangangokuba abasekho kwi-coma. Nangona kunjalo, imisebenzi yabo yengqondo kunye nobuchule babo busencinci kakhulu.

Amathuba okuchacha kwimeko yokuhluma ahluka kakhulu. Abanye abantu baphinda bafumane ingqondo epheleleyo okanye engaphelelanga. Kodwa abaninzi abafumani. Abantu banokuhlala kwimeko yokuhluma iiveki, iinyanga, okanye iminyaka. Nangona kunjalo, abakwazi ukuzinyamekela kwaye bafuna unyango oluqhubekayo. Ngelishwa, basengozini enkulu yeengxaki. Uninzi lwabantu abakwimeko yokuhluma banomlinganiselo olinganiselweyo wobomi.

Ngawaphi amathuba okuphuma kule meko?

Amathuba okuchacha emva kokuba ukhe wagula angahluka kakhulu . Zininzi izinto ezichaphazela loo nto. Umntu ofanelekileyo onokukuxelela ngemeko ethile ngugqirha oyaziyo imeko. Kwiimeko ezininzi, ngugqirha oye wanyanga umntu omthandayo.

Ukuba awukwazi ukwenza izigqibo, ungazichaza njani iminqweno yakho?

Khawucinge nje, ukuba ubukwi-coma, ubungenakukwazi ukwenza izigqibo malunga nonyango lwakho okanye ukuxelela nabani na into oyifunayo. Rhoqo, ezo zigqibo beziya kufuneka zenziwe lusapho okanye ngabantu obathandayo.

Nokuba unesifo okanye awunaso esinokubangela ukuba ufe i-coma, licebo elihle ukuthetha nabantu obathandayo malunga nento oyifunayo ukuba awukwazi ukwenza izigqibo malunga nonyango lwakho. Le ngxoxo isenokuvakala ingakhululekanga kwaye inzima. Kodwa, ukuba nezi ncoko ngaphambi kokuba kube semva kwexesha kuya kunceda abantu obathandayo bazi ukuba zithini iminqweno yakho ukuba awukwazi ukuthetha.

Kukwangumbono olungileyo ukubhala phantsi iminqweno nezigqibo zakho . Oku kudla ngokubizwa ngokuba yi-'Advance Directive' okanye 'Living Will'. Imalunga nemiba yezomthetho yokuba kwenzeka ntoni ukuba awukwazi ukuzinyamekela okanye ukwenza izigqibo zempilo yakho. Ungafumana uncedo kwigqwetha ukuze ulungiselele la maxwebhu. Kodwa ungazilungiselela nawe ezinye zazo (kuxhomekeke kwimithetho ekwindawo okuyo, unokufuna ukuba zisayinwe yi-notary).

Ngaba ii-coma zingathintelwa?

Iimeko ezininzi ezibangela i-coma zinokuthintelwa - okanye umngcipheko ungancitshiswa . Nazi ezinye zezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu onokuzenza ukuthintela okanye ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokuba kwi-coma:

• Ukulawula izifo zakho ezingapheliyo: Ukulandela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho yokulawula iimeko ezifana nesifo seswekile kunye nesifo sokuwa kunokunciphisa amathuba akho okuba ube yi-coma kwixesha elizayo.
• Nxiba izixhobo zokuzikhusela xa kuyimfuneko: Ukulimala entloko, ingakumbi ukuxhuzula kunye neeTBI (iTraumatic Brain Injuries), zezona zinto zixhaphakileyo ezibangela i-coma. Zikhusele ngokunxiba izixhobo zokuzikhusela ezifana nezigcina-ntloko kunye neebhanti zokuhlala xa kufanelekile.
• Yitya ukutya okunesondlo: Uninzi lwezizathu ze-coma zinxulumene nokutya. Umzekelo, ukungalingani kwetyuwa, ukunqongophala kwezondlo. Ukutya kwakho kuchaphazela nempilo yenkqubo yakho yokujikeleza kwegazi. Oku kunokunceda ukuthintela i-coma ebangelwa zizifo ezifana ne-stroke.
• Hlala usebenza ngokomzimba kwaye ugcine ubunzima obusempilweni: Ubunzima bakho kunye nenqanaba lomsebenzi wakho kunokunceda ukuthintela okanye ukulibazisa iimeko ezichaphazela ingqondo yakho, ingakumbi ezo zikhokelela kwi-coma.
• Ukuphepha ukusebenzisa iziyobisi kunye namayeza angengowamayeza, kunye nokusela utywala okulinganiselweyo: Ukuxhomekeka kwiziyobisi kwandisa kakhulu umngcipheko wokuba ne-coma. Kwakhona, ukuthatha amayeza anikwe ngugqirha kanye njengoko kuyalelwe kuya kunciphisa umngcipheko weengxaki kunye nemiphumo emibi efana ne-coma.

Kwabo banesihlobo sabo esikwi-coma, oku kunokuba ngamava othusayo kakhulu. Xa isihlobo sakho sikwi-coma, usenokuba nemibuzo emininzi engaphendulwanga. Usenokuzibuza ukuba baza kuphila na, kuza kuthatha ixesha elingakanani, kwaye baza kuphila ngokupheleleyo na. Nangona kungelula ukuphila nemibuzo nokungaqiniseki, uphando oluqhubekayo lunceda iingcali ziqonde ngcono indlela esebenza ngayo i-coma kunye nendlela yokunyanga. Oku kuya kuvula ithuba lokuchacha kwi-coma ngoku nakwixesha elizayo.

Ngamafutshane, nazi izinto ekufuneka sizikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokubuyela Ekhaya):

Ndiyathemba ukuba oku kukunika ulwazi oluthile malunga ne-coma. Ezona zinto zibalulekileyo ekufuneka uzikhumbule zezi:

• I-coma yimeko engxamisekileyo yezonyango. Ukuba ubona umntu engekho zingqondweni kwaye engaphenduli , funa uncedo lwezonyango ngokukhawuleza .
• Zininzi izinto ezibangela i-coma, ezinye zazo zinokuthintelwa.
• Umngcipheko we-coma ungancitshiswa ngokukhusela intloko (isigcina-ntloko, ibhanti yesihlalo), ukulawula izifo ezingapheliyo (ezifana nesifo seswekile, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu), kunye nokuphepha iziyobisi .
• Ukuba ukwimeko apho ungakwazi ukwenza izigqibo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuxoxa ngeminqweno yakho yonyango nosapho lwakho, kwaye ukuba kunokwenzeka, uyibhale phantsi .
• Amathuba okuchacha emva kokuba ukhe wagula ayahluka kumntu nomntu, kwaye ugqirha wakho angakunika ulwazi oluchanekileyo malunga noku.

Siyathemba ukuba olu lwazi luluncedo kuwe. Hlala usempilweni!

I - Coma, ukungazi nto, ingqondo, unyango, imeko engxamisekileyo, iimpawu, impilo