Ngaba ugqirha ukunike i-chit yovavanyo lwegazi? Ngaba ibisithi 'FBC' okanye 'Full Blood Count'? Rhoqo, xa sibona oonobumba namanani kule ngxelo, siziva sisoyika kwaye sikhathazekile. "Kuthetha ukuthini oku?" Sicinga. Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Olu luvavanyo lwegazi olulula kakhulu, oluqhelekileyo olusetyenziswa ngoogqirha kwaye luchaza okuninzi ngempilo yomzimba wethu. Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngale nto ngokulula, ngendlela onokuyiqonda.
Yintoni le uvavanyo lwe-FBC?
Ngamafutshane, i-FBC (i-Complete Blood Count) luvavanyo olujonga iintlobo ezintathu eziphambili zeeseli egazini lakho. Igazi lethu alilolwelo olubomvu nje kuphela. Liqulethe izigidi zeeseli ezincinci ezenza imisebenzi emininzi ebalulekileyo emizimbeni yethu. I-FBC ijonga ikakhulu ezi ntlobo zeeseli:
- Iiseli zegazi ezibomvu: Ezo zithwala ioksijini emzimbeni wonke.
- Iiseli zegazi ezimhlophe: Njengomkhosi womzimba, zilwa nezifo kunye neentsholongwane.
- Iiplatelets: Ezi ziiseli ezinceda ekumiseni ukopha ngokwenza amahlwili egazi.
Olu vavanyo lunceda ugqirha wakho ukuba afumane umbono olungileyo ngempilo yakho iyonke. Kubalulekile nokuxilonga isifo, ukujonga imeko ekhoyo, ukubona indlela amayeza achaphazela ngayo umzimba, kunye nokulinganisa impilo yenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela. Linyathelo elisisiseko ekuxilongeni iimeko ezifana ne -anemia, usulelo olwahlukeneyo, kunye nomhlaza wegazi .
Kutheni le nto 'ubalo lomahluko' kunye ne-FBC?
Ngamanye amaxesha ungabona "i-CBC ene-Differential" kwingxelo yakho. Kuthetha ukuthini oku?
Cinga ngeeseli ezimhlophe zegazi njengomkhosi wethu. I-FBC ibala inani lilonke lamajoni emkhosini. Kodwa 'iDifferential Count' inzulu kunoko. Ibala inani lamajoni kwiirejimenti ezahlukeneyo (umzekelo, amajoni ahamba ngeenyawo, ama-commando, amagosa ezobuntlola) kuloo mkhosi.
Oko kukuthi, kukho iintlobo ezintlanu zeeseli ezimhlophe zegazi, kwaye olu 'Differential Count' lulinganisa inani lohlobo ngalunye ngokwahlukeneyo. Oku kuvumela ugqirha ukuba afumane umbono ocacileyo wento eyenzekayo kwinkqubo yakho yokuzikhusela, njengokuthi ingaba unentsholongwane, usulelo lwentsholongwane, okanye i-allergy.
Ugqirha ucebisa nini ukwenza i-FBC?
Ekubeni uvavanyo lwe-FBC luqheleke kakhulu, ugqirha unokulucebisa kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo.
- Njengenxalenye yovavanyo lwezonyango lonyaka: Fumana ulwazi ngokubanzi ngempilo yakho iyonke.
- Khangela iimpawu ezingenakuchazwa: Umzekelo, khangela unobangela womkhuhlane ongapheliyo, ukwehla kobunzima, ukubila ebusuku, ukudumba okungachazwanga, kunye nokudinwa okungapheliyo.
- Jonga imeko yezonyango esele ikho: Jonga imeko yomntu onezifo ezihlala ixesha elide ezifana nomhlaza nesifo sezintso esinganyangekiyo.
- Jonga iziphumo zonyango: Ezinye iindlela zonyango (umz., amayeza omhlaza) zinokubangela ukwehla kwenani leeseli ezimhlophe zegazi. Olu vavanyo lubalulekile ukujonga ezo ziphumo.
- Ngexesha lokukhulelwa: Qinisekisa ukuba impilo kamama okhulelweyo kunye nomntwana ilungile.
Zeziphi iimeko ezinokubonwa kwingxelo ye-FBC?
Olu vavanyo alutsho ngokuthe ngqo ukuba "unesifo sombefu." Nangona kunjalo, lunika ugqirha iimpawu ezininzi ezibalulekileyo. Amaxabiso akwingxelo anokubonisa ezi meko zilandelayo:
| Igama lezonyango | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|
| I-anemia | Amanqanaba aphantsi eeseli ezibomvu zegazi okanye i-hemoglobin (njengoko sikubiza njalo, 'i-anemia'). |
| I-Erythrocytosis | Amanqanaba aphezulu ngokungaqhelekanga eeseli ezibomvu zegazi (ukwanda kobukhulu begazi). |
| I-Leukocytosis | Ukwanda komlinganiselo weeseli ezimhlophe zegazi (okudla ngokuba luphawu losulelo). |
| I-Leukopenia | Inani eliphantsi leeseli ezimhlophe zegazi (uphawu lokuba umzimba awunamandla okuzikhusela). |
| I-Thrombocytosis | Ukwanda komlinganiselo weeplatelet. |
| I-Thrombocytopenia | Ukwehla kwenani leeplatelet (kubonakala kwizifo ezifana ne-dengue). |
Ngaba ngoku masijonge amaxabiso akwingxelo ngokweenkcukacha ezithe vetshe?
Kulungile, ngoku masizame ukuqonda oonobumba abakwingxelo.
Izinto ekufuneka uzazi ngeeseli zegazi ezibomvu
Ezi 'ziinkonzo zokuhambisa' ezithwala ioksijini emzimbeni wonke. Ezi zezona zinto ziphambili ezithethwa ngazo.
- I-RBC (Ubalo lweeSeli zeGazi eziBomvu): Inani lilonke leeseli ezibomvu zegazi kumthamo wegazi.
- I-Hb / Hgb (iHemoglobin): I-Hemoglobin yiproteni ethwala ioksijini efumaneka kwiiseli ezibomvu zegazi. Ilinganiswa ngokwenani layo. Yiyo enika igazi umbala walo obomvu.
- Hct (Hematocrit): Yipesenti engakanani yegazi lakho eyenziwe ziiseli ezibomvu zegazi.
Ukongeza, kukho ezinye ixabiso elibonisa ubungakanani kunye nomgangatho weeseli ezibomvu zegazi (ezibizwa ngokuba yi-'Red Cell Indices').
- I-MCV (Umlinganiselo weCorpuscular Volume): Ubungakanani obuqhelekileyo beseli enye ebomvu yegazi.
- I-MCH (i-Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin): Ubungakanani obuqhelekileyo (ubunzima) be-hemoglobin kwiseli enye ebomvu yegazi.
- I-MCHC (Umlinganiselo we-Hemoglobin yeCorpuscular): Uxinzelelo lwe-hemoglobin kumthamo othile wegazi.
- I-RDW (Ububanzi boSasazo lweeSeli eziBomvu): Oku kukuxelela ukuba iiseli zakho ezibomvu zegazi zilingana ngobukhulu, okanye ingaba zingumxube weeseli ezinkulu nezincinci. Kufana nokujonga ukuba ngaba ziibhisikithi ezisikwe kwisikhunta esifanayo, okanye iibhisikithi ezenziwe ngesandla ezinobukhulu obahlukeneyo.
Izinto ekufuneka uzazi malunga neePlatelet
Ezi 'ziingceba zeplasta' emizimbeni yethu. Ukuba sifumana inxeba okanye ukwenzakala ndaweni ithile, ziyakhawuleza ziye kwindawo leyo, zinamathele, zize ziyeke ukopha.
- Inani leePlatelet: Inani lilonke leePlatelet kwisampuli yegazi.
- I-MPV (Umlinganiselo wePlatelet Volume): Ubungakanani obuqhelekileyo beplatelet enye.
Iiseli zegazi ezimhlophe kunye neentlobo zazo
Lo ngumkhosi wokhuselo lomzimba wethu. Umsebenzi wabo kukusikhusela ngokulwa neentsholongwane nezifo. Ukuba wenza 'uDifferential Count', uya kufumana iinkcukacha ezahlukeneyo malunga namandla ahlukeneyo alo mkhosi.
| Uhlobo lweSeli | Umsebenzi oyintloko (olula) |
|---|---|
| I-WBC (Ubalo lweeSeli zeGazi ezimhlophe) | Inani lilonke lazo zonke iintlobo zeeseli ezimhlophe zegazi. |
| Ii-neutrophils | Njengee-commando eziphendula ngokukhawuleza, zezokuqala ukuhlasela usulelo lweentsholongwane kunye nefungus . |
| Iilymphocytes | Njengamagosa ezobuntlola. Balwa nosulelo lwentsholongwane . Bakhumbula izifo zangaphambili kwaye bafundisa umzimba ukuba uzilwe ngokukhawuleza ukuba ziphinda zigule. |
| Iimonocytes | Abasebenzi bokucoca. Basusa amaqhekeza eeseli kunye neentsholongwane ezishiyekileyo emva kokosuleleka. |
| Ii-Eosinophils | Zilwa nezinambuzane (ezifana neempethu). Inani lazo liyanda naxa kukho i-allergies . |
| IiBasophils | Zikhupha imiqondiso yesilumkiso. Ezi zezona zikhupha izinto ezifana 'ne-histamine' ngexesha le-allergies. |
Ngaba kufuneka ulungiselele uvavanyo lwe-FBC?
Iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba akufuneki wenze naluphi na ulungiselelo olukhethekileyo lovavanyo lwe-FBC. Ungatya usele ngokwesiqhelo kwaye usele amayeza akho aqhelekileyo. Akukho mfuneko yokuzila ukutya.
Kodwa, khumbula oku kakuhle:Ukuba ugqirha wakho ucele olunye uvavanyo, olufana neswekile yegazi okanye iprofayili ye-lipid yokuzila ukutya, kunye ne-FBC, kufuneka ulandele imiyalelo yovavanyo olo ngqo (umz., ukuzila ukutya iiyure ezi-8-12). Ke ngoko, ukuba unamathandabuzo malunga nokuba yintoni ekwi-chit okanye oko ugqirha akuthethileyo, qiniseka ukuba ubuza ugqirha wakho kwakhona ukuqinisekisa.
Ingaba 'uLuhlu oluQhelekileyo' kwingxelo ye-FBC lufana kuye wonke umntu?
Le yingcamango engaqhelekanga. 'Uluhlu oluQhelekileyo / Uluhlu lokuBhekiswa' kwingxelo yakho ye-FBC alufani kuye wonke umntu. Lunokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwizinto ezahlukeneyo.
- Ngokuxhomekeke kwilabhoratri eyenza uvavanyo: La maxabiso anokwahluka kancinci ngokuxhomekeke kumatshini kunye neekhemikhali ezisetyenziswa yilabhoratri nganye.
- Kuxhomekeke kwiminyaka yakho: Amaxabiso 'aqhelekileyo' ahlukile kubantu abadala nakubantwana.
- Kuxhomekeke kwisini sakho: Amanye amaxabiso (ingakumbi lawo anxulumene neeseli ezibomvu zegazi) ayahluka ngenxa yomahluko kumanqanaba eehomoni phakathi kwabasetyhini namadoda.
- Ukuba ukhulelwe: La maxabiso anokutshintsha ngenxa yotshintsho emzimbeni wakho ngexesha lokukhulelwa.
Ngoko ke, thelekisa kuphela amaxabiso akwingxelo yakho 'noLuhlu lweeReferensi' (uluhlu lwamaxabiso aqhelekileyo) olunikiweyo ecaleni kwengxelo ngokwayo. Musa ukuthelekisa nengxelo yomnye umntu okanye namaxabiso aqhelekileyo afumaneka kwi-Intanethi.
Yintoni endimele ndiyenze emva koko ukuba amaxabiso akwingxelo aphezulu kakhulu okanye aphantsi kakhulu?
Musa ukoyika ukuba ubona ixabiso kwingxelo yakho elingaphandle 'koLuhlu oluQhelekileyo'. Oko akuthethi ukuba unesifo esinzulu. Ngamanye amaxesha kunokuba yimeko elula kakhulu, enokunyangeka lula.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo yile:
Ungaze ugqibe kwelokuba unesifo ngokusekelwe koko ukufundileyo kwi-intanethi okanye oko kuthethwa ngomnye umntu. Ngugqirha wakho kuphela onokukunika uxilongo oluchanekileyo, ecinga ngeempawu zakho, imbali yakho yezonyango, kunye nexabiso elikule ngxelo ye-FBC.
Ugqirha wakho uza kuyijonga ingxelo aze, ukuba kuyimfuneko, acele olunye uvavanyo, aqalise unyango, okanye mhlawumbi athi, "Ayiyonto inkulu le, siza kuphinda sijonge emva kwexeshana." Ngoko ke, qiniseka ukuba uthatha ingxelo yakho uze ubone ugqirha wakho onyangayo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-FBC (i-Full Blood Count) luvavanyo lwegazi oluqhelekileyo nolukhuselekileyo olunika ulwazi oluninzi olubalulekileyo malunga nempilo yakho iyonke.
- Musa ukothuka ziinombolo noonobumba abakwingxelo. Bakuxelela ngobuninzi nomgangatho weeseli ezahlukeneyo egazini lakho.
- 'Uluhlu Oluqhelekileyo' lunokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwiminyaka, isini, kunye nelebhu. Ngoko ke soloko uthelekisa kuphela 'noluhlu lwesalathiso' olukwingxelo yakho.
- Nokuba ixabiso elikwingxelo lingaphaya komlinganiselo oqhelekileyo, ngugqirha wakho kuphela onokukunika ingcaciso echanekileyo kunye neengcebiso.
- Ungaze uzixilonge okanye ufune unyango ngokucetyiswa ngabanye abantu. Soloko ubona ugqirha wakho kunye nengxelo yakho.
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