Ngaba ngamanye amaxesha uziva ngathi ihlabathi alicacanga? Ngaba uziva ngathi umbono wakho uyancipha kancinci kancinci kunye nentlungu kunye nokurhawuzelela emehlweni akho? Kuqhelekile ukuba uzive usoyika kakhulu xa ufumana into efana nale. Uninzi lwexesha, unobangela woku unokuba yingozi kwi-cornea yakho. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, ngesayensi yezonyango ephucukileyo namhlanje, kukho izisombululo ezisebenzayo kakhulu zoku. Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngesisombululo esinye esinjalo, esilutyando lokufakelwa kwe-cornea.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni ukufakelwa kwe-cornea?
Ukufakelwa kwe-cornea yinkqubo yotyando esusa i-cornea eyonakeleyo yeliso lakho ize ithathe indawo ye-cornea ephilileyo. Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba yi-'Corneal grafting' okanye i-'Keratoplasty'.
Cinga ngayo njengekhamera. I-cornea yilensi yekhamera. Yi-membrane ecacileyo engaphambili kweliso. Ukuze sibone ihlabathi ngokucacileyo, ukukhanya kufuneka kudlule kwi-cornea. Ukuba i-cornea yonakele nangayiphi na indlela, njengokukrweleka, usulelo, okanye enye imeko yezonyango, umbono wethu uya kuba mfiliba.
Ukufakelwa kwe-cornea kubandakanya ukususa le "lens" yonakeleyo kunye nokuyifaka endaweni yayo i-cornea ephilileyo ngokupheleleyo enikelwe ngumntu oswelekileyo. Olu lutyando olutshintsha ubomi olubuyisele umbono kubantu abaninzi.
Kukweziphi iimeko apho kufuneka ukufakelwa i-cornea?
Kukho iimeko ezininzi apho ugqirha wakho wamehlo angacebisa olu tyando. Ezona ziphambili zezi:
- I-Fuchs' dystrophy: Esi sisifo semfuza. Kwesi sifo, iiseli ezikwimaleko engaphakathi ye-cornea ziyatshatyalaliswa kancinci kancinci, nto leyo ebangela ukuba i-cornea idumbe kwaye ingaboni kakuhle.
- I-Keratoconus: Le yimeko apho i-cornea itshintsha imilo ize ivuthuluke iye phambili ibe yimo efana nekhowuni. Oku kubangela ukuba umbono uphazamiseke.
- Izilonda ze-corneal: Usulelo, ingakumbi usulelo lwebhaktiriya okanye lwentsholongwane, lunokubangela izilonda kwi-cornea kwaye lushiye amanxeba.
- Iingozi: Ukubethwa liliso, ukuhlatywa ngento ebukhali, okanye ukuchitheka kweekhemikhali kunokubangela umonakalo omkhulu kwi-cornea.
- Umonakalo obangelwe kutyando lwamehlo lwangaphambili: Ngamanye amaxesha, i-cornea inokonakala njengesiphumo esingesihle sotyando lwamehlo.
- I-Bullous keratopathy: Imeko apho kuvela khona ukudumba okufana ne-blister kwi-cornea.
Kule meko, ukuba ufumana iimpawu ezifana nokungaboni kakuhle, iintlungu zamehlo, kunye nokungakwazi ukujonga ukukhanya, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko ukuze akunike ingcebiso.
Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili zokufakelwa kwe-cornea?
Ngokuxhomekeke kumaleko we-cornea eyonakeleyo, ugqirha wakho uya kugqiba uhlobo lotyando olulungele wena. Kukho iintlobo ezintathu eziphambili zotyando.
| Uhlobo lotyando | Icacisiwe ngokulula |
|---|---|
| Ukufakelwa kweCorneal iyonke (i-Penetrating Keratoplasty) | Le yindlela yendabuko. Apha, lonke ubukhulu be-cornea eyonakeleyo, oko kukuthi, iileya zangaphandle, eziphakathi, nezangaphakathi, zisikwa zibe yingqukuva zize zisuswe, kwaye i-cornea ephilileyo enobukhulu obufanayo iyatyalwa ize ithungwe. |
| I-Deep Anterior Lamellar Keratoplasty (DALK) | Ukuba umonakalo kwi-cornea yakho ukwiingqimba zangaphandle neziphakathi kuphela, kwaye ingqimba yangaphakathi (i-endothelium) iphilile, olu tyando lwenziwa. Oku kubandakanya ukususa iingqimba ezimbini ezonakeleyo kuphela uze uzifake izicubu eziphilileyo. |
| I-Endothelial Keratoplasty (DMEK/DSAEK) | Ukuba umonakalo ungowokungaphakathi kwe-cornea kuphela (umz. i-Fuchs' dystrophy), le ndlela isetyenziswa. Apha, kususwa kuphela umaleko wangaphakathi owonakeleyo kwaye kufakelwa umaleko omncinci kakhulu osempilweni endaweni yawo. Kukho izititshi ezimbalwa kakhulu. Iqamza lomoya lifakwa esweni ukuze libambe i-membrane etyaliweyo endaweni yayo. |
Into ekhethekileyo malunga notyando lwe-Endothelial Keratoplasty
Ukuba wenze utyando olufana nolwe-`DMEK` okanye `DSAEK`, uza kunikwa imiyalelo ekhethekileyo kwiintsuku ezimbalwa zokuqala. Oko kukuthi, ukulala ujonge phezulu ngelixa ulele kwaye uphumle. Xa usenza oku, iqamza lomoya elifakwe esweni linceda ukugcina i-cornea esandula ukufakelwa endaweni yayo kwaye iyibambe endaweni yayo. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu kwimpumelelo yotyando.
Izinto ekufuneka siziqaphele ngaphambi nasemva kotyando
Ukulungiselela ngaphambi kotyando
Ugqirha wakho kunye nengcali yokubulala iintlungu baza kuhlola imbali yakho yempilo baze baphendule nayiphi na imibuzo onokuba nayo malunga notyando.
- Xelela ugqirha wakho ngayo nayiphi na imithi oyithathayo. Amanye amayeza anokufuna ukuba uyeke ukuwasebenzisa ngaphambi kotyando.
- Baza kukunika iingcebiso malunga nokuba ungayeka nini ukutya nokusela ngaphambi kotyando.
- Ekubeni ungayi kukwazi ukuqhuba imoto emva kotyando, lungiselela kwangaphambili ukuba umntu akuse ekhaya.
Izinto ekufuneka uzinyamekele emva kotyando
Utyando ludla ngokuthatha ngaphantsi kweeyure ezimbini, emva koko ungagoduka.
- Ukukhusela amehlo: Iliso lisenokuba bomvu, libuhlungu kancinci, kwaye libe nobuthathaka kwiintsuku ezimbalwa zokuqala. Sebenzisa i-eye patch njengoko uyalelwe ngugqirha wakho. Ungaze uhlikihle okanye ucinezele iliso lakho.
- Amayeza: Amaconsi amehlo anikwa ukuthintela usulelo, ukunciphisa ukudumba, nokuthintela umzimba ukuba ungalamkeli i-cornea etyaliweyo. La mayeza anokufuneka asetyenziswe unyaka okanye ngaphezulu.
- Imisebenzi: Kusenokufuneka uyeke okwethutyana imisebenzi enokubangela ukuba amehlo akho abe sengozini, njengokuphakamisa izinto ezinzima nokubaleka okanye ukutsiba. Ugqirha wakho uza kukucebisa ngale nto.
- Ukuhlolwa Kwezonyango: Ugqirha uza kucwangcisa idinga lokulandelelana zingadlulanga iiyure ezingama-24-48 emva kotyando. Qiniseka ukuba uyaya kwiikliniki ngemihla emiselweyo.
Ziziphi iingenelo kunye neengxaki ezinokubakho zolu tyando?
Inzuzo ephambili kukuba ungayibona kakuhle ihlabathi kwakhona, elalingacacanga ngaphambili. Uvuyo oluza nalo alunakuthelekiswa nanto. Olu lutyando oluhlala lukhuselekile.
Nangona kunjalo, njengakuyo nayiphi na indlela yotyando, iingxaki zinokubakho.
Umngcipheko ophambili kukwaliwa kwamalungu omzimba/i-cornea. Oku kuthetha ukuba inkqubo yomzimba wethu yokuzikhusela iyayibona i-cornea entsha 'njengeyangaphandle' kwaye iyalwa nayo. Injongo yokuqhubeka nokusebenzisa amaconsi emehlweni kukunciphisa lo mngcipheko.
Ezinye iingxaki:
- Usulelo lwamehlo.
- Ukopha.
- Uxinzelelo oluphezulu emehlweni (iGlaucoma).
- I-retina ehlukanisiweyo.
- I-Astigmatism yenzeka ngenxa yokuma okungaqhelekanga kwe-cornea etyaliweyo.
Ukuba unale mpawu, bonana nogqirha ngokukhawuleza!
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulinyamekela kakuhle iliso lakho emva kotyando. Ukuba ufumana naziphi na iimpawu ezilandelayo zokungamkeleki , fowunela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
- Intlungu yamehlo (Intlungu)
- Ubomvu beliso
- Uvakalelo lokukhanya
- Umbono Ongacacanga
Ukuba ezi mpawu zichongiwe kwaye zinyangwa kwangethuba, ukwaliwa kunokulawuleka.
Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuphiliswa?
Oku kuya kwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lotyando olwenzileyo.
- Ukuba kwenziwe utyando olupheleleyo lwe-cornea (Penetrating Keratoplasty) , kungathatha malunga neenyanga ezili-12 ukuze kuphinde kubekho ukubona okupheleleyo.
- Ukuba ukhe watyandwa i-Endothelial Keratoplasty (DMEK/DSAEK) , ungabona kakuhle kwiinyanga ezi-3 nje kuphela.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ukufakelwa kwe-cornea lutyando oluthatha indawo ye-cornea eyonakeleyo nge-cornea ephilileyo, kwaye luvelisa iziphumo eziphumelelayo kakhulu.
- Ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko yakho, ugqirha wakho uya kugqiba uhlobo lotyando (olupheleleyo, oluyinxenye, okanye olungaphakathi kuphela) olulungele wena.
- Landela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho ngononophelo emva kotyando, ingakumbi malunga nokusetyenziswa kwamaconsi amehlo kunye nokukhusela amehlo.
- Qaphela iimpawu zokungamkeleki, ezinje ngentlungu, ukuba bomvu, ukuvakalelwa kukukhanya, okanye ukubona okufipheleyo. Ukuba oku kuyenzeka, funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngokukhawuleza.
- Kuthatha ixesha ukuba uphile ngokupheleleyo, ngoko ke hlala unomonde kwaye unethemba. Hlala unxibelelana nogqirha wakho rhoqo kwaye uxoxe ngezinto ezikuxhalabisayo.
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