Ngaba nawe unesifo sokudakumba okukhulu, okanye njengoko sibiza ngokwezonyango, iMajor Depression Disorder (MDD)? Nokuba sele usebenzise amayeza elinye okanye amabini owanikwe ngugqirha, awukaziva uphuculo okanye utshintsho? "Ndenze ntoni ngoku?" Usenokuba ucinga ngokukhungatheka okukhulu. Kuqhelekile ukuziva uwedwa kwaye ungenakunceda ngexesha elinje. Kodwa ungoyiki. Awuwedwa. Njengoko isayensi iqhubeka, kuvela amathemba amatsha. Namhlanje sithetha ngethemba elitsha elinjalo.
Okokuqala, masikukhumbuze kancinci ngamayeza okudakumba aqhelekileyo anikwayo.
Ukuba sele uqalile unyango lokudakumba, ugqirha wakho usenokuba uqale wakubhalela uhlobo oluthile lwamayeza olubizwa ngokuba 'yi-antidepressant yendabuko.' Kukho iintlobo ezininzi eziphambili zala mayeza. La mayeza asebenza ngokulinganisela umsebenzi wee-chemical messengers engqondweni, ezibizwa ngokuba zii-neurotransmitters , ezichaphazela isimo sengqondo kunye neemvakalelo zethu. Ezi ziquka i-serotonin , i-norepinephrine , kunye ne-dopamine .
Kodwa kukho imingeni embalwa ngala mayeza. Enye kukuba athatha ixesha ukuqala ukusebenza. Ngokwesiqhelo kufuneka ulinde malunga neeveki ezine ukuya kwezisibhozo ukuze ubone iziphumo. Enye kukuba la mayeza awasebenzi ngokufanayo kuye wonke umntu. Izifundo zibonisa ukuba malunga nabantu ababini kwabathathu abawasebenzisayo abaphili ngokupheleleyo .
Ukuze kube lula kuwe ukuqonda, makhe sijonge amanye amayeza asetyenziswa kakhulu kwitheyibhile efana nale.
| Udidi lweziyobisi | Imizekelo Eqhelekileyo |
|---|---|
| Ii-SSRI (ii-Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors) | ICitalopram, i-Escitalopram, iFluoxetine, iParoxetine, iSertraline |
| Ii-SNRI (ii-Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors) | I-Duloxetine, iVenlafaxine |
| Ii-Antidepressants ezingaqhelekanga | I-Bupropion, iMirtazapine, iTrazodone |
Ukuba ukhe wazama elinye okanye ngaphezulu la mayeza kodwa awuziva ngcono, ungakhathazeki. Asikuko ukuba unetyala. Ngamaxesha anje apho oogqirha bacinga ngonyango olutsha noluphucukileyo.
Ngoko ke zeziphi ezi ndlela zintsha zonyango lwe-NMDA?
Ngamafutshane, le yindlela eyahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo yokunyanga ukudakumba. Ngokungafaniyo namayeza angaphambili, olu nyango lujolise kwii-receptors ezisebuchotsheni ezibizwa ngokuba yi-N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) .
Cinga ngale ndlela. Kumntu onesifo sokudakumba okukhulu, ezinye iindawo ezibalulekileyo zobuchopho zisenokungasebenzi kangako, njengokuba 'zilele' (zingasebenzi ngokwaneleyo). Oko kwenziwa lunyango lwe-NMDA kukulawula isenzo senye i-neurotransmitter enamandla ebizwa ngokuba yi-glutamate , nokuqinisa unxibelelwano phakathi kwezo seli zobuchopho 'zileleyo' (ii-neurons). Oko kuthetha ukuba ngequbuliso zikhawulezisa ukutshintshiselana kwemiyalezo phakathi kweeseli zobuchopho.
Iingcali zikholelwa ukuba oku kuvuselelwa okunamandla nokukhawulezileyo konxibelelwano phakathi kweeseli zobuchopho yikona okubangela ukwehla okumangalisayo kweempawu zokudakumba.
Eyona nzuzo inkulu yoku kukukhawuleza. Nangona amayeza esiqhelo engathatha iiveki ukusebenza, ezinye iindlela zonyango ze-NMDA zinokuqala ukunika isiqabu esikhulu kunye notshintsho kwisigulana kwiiyure ezimbalwa .
Ziziphi iindlela zonyango ezijoliswe kwi-NMDA? Ngaba kukho naziphi na iingozi?
I-Ketamine sisiyobisi esiphambili esisetyenziselwa ukunyanga uxinzelelo olunganyangekiyo ngonyango ngokujolisa kwii-receptors ze-NMDA.
Oku kudla ngokunikwa isigulana ngomthambo (ofakwa emthanjeni okanye nge-IV) kunye ne-saline . Kodwa kukho into ekufuneka uyikhumbule apha.
Olu asilonyango lokuqala ugqirha angalucebisa xa edandathekile.
Ezi zisetyenziswa kuphela kwizigulana ezinesifo sokudakumba esinzima ezizame zonke ezinye iindlela kodwa ezingaphumelelanga. Kwakhona, olu nyango ngokuqinisekileyo lwenziwa esibhedlele, phantsi kweliso elibukhali loogqirha abaziingcali kunye nabasebenzi abaqeqeshiweyo. Eli asiloyeza elinokuthengwa kwikhemesti lize lithathwe liyiswe ekhaya.
Kutheni usenza loo nto? Kuba njengayo yonke imithi, kukho iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Ngexesha lonyango, unokufumana utshintsho kuxinzelelo lwegazi, isiyezi, isicaphucaphu, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ungabi saziqonda izinto ezenzekayo. Ulwalathiso lwezonyango lubalulekile ukuze ukwazi ukulawula konke oku.
Ndingazi njani ukuba ndifanelekile kolu nyango?
Lo ngumbuzo obaluleke kakhulu. Impendulo yalo mbuzo inokufunyanwa kuphela ngugqirha wakho onyangayo. Ukuba ungumntu ofanelekileyo na kunyango oluphambili olufana nonyango lwe-NMDA kuya kuxhomekeka kwizinto ezininzi:
- Zeziphi iintlobo zemithi yokuthomalalisa uxinezeleko owakha wayisebenzisa ngaphambili?
- Zisetyenziswe ixesha elingakanani, kwaye ngedosi echanekileyo?
- Umzimba wakho wasabela njani kuzo?
- Ubukhali beempawu zakho zokudakumba ngoku.
- Imeko yakho yempilo iyonke (ezinye izifo, amanye amayeza owasebenzisayo, njl.njl.).
Ngoko ke, eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza kukuthetha ngokukhululekileyo nogqirha wakho ngayo yonke into esengqondweni yakho. Ungoyiki ukubuza imibuzo efana nale, "Gqirha, bendisoloko ndithatha eli yeza kangangeenyanga ngoku, kodwa andikaze ndibone mahluko," okanye "Ngaba ayikho enye indlela endinokuyiphelisa ngayo le nto?" Okukhona uthetha ngakumbi ngeemvakalelo zakho namava akho, kokukhona kuya kuba lula ukuba ugqirha wakho akukhethele unyango olulungele wena.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Isifo sokudakumba okukhulu (MDD) sisifo esinzima esifuna unyango. Ii-common antidepressants (SSRIs, SNRIs) azisebenzi kakuhle ngokulinganayo kuye wonke umntu.
- Kwabo bangaphenduliyo kumayeza aqhelekileyo, ngoku kukho unyango lwanamhlanje olufana neKetamine, ejolise kwii-receptors ze-NMDA.
- Ezi zinokuchaphazela i-glutamate engqondweni, ziqinise ngokukhawuleza unxibelelwano phakathi kweeseli zobuchopho, kwaye zinike ukuphiliswa ngokukhawuleza.
- Ezi ziindlela zonyango ezikhethekileyo, kwaye zinikwa kuphela izigulana ezingaphumelelanga kwezinye iindlela zonyango, phantsi kweliso elingqongqo lezonyango esibhedlele.
- Ukuba awufumani ncedo kunyango lwakho lwangoku, musa ukuphelelwa lithemba kwaye thetha ngokukhululekileyo nogqirha wakho ngazo zonke iindlela onokukhetha kuzo.
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