Ngaba wakha weva nge-'Pap smear'? Okanye wakha weva ngeqhuma elincinci entanyeni yakho, waza ugqirha wathabatha isampuli yalo ngenaliti encinci walithumela 'uvavanyo'? Yiloo nto siza kuthetha ngayo namhlanje, ebizwa ngokuba yi-cytology. Nangona isenokubonakala ngathi yinto encinci xa uyijonga kuqala, olu luvavanyo oluxabisekileyo olunceda ekufumaneni izifo emzimbeni wethu kwangethuba. Masithethe ngayo ngokulula.
Yintoni iCytology ngokulula?
Ngamafutshane, i-cytology yinkqubo yokujonga iiseli emizimbeni yethu nge-microscope ukuze kufunyaniswe izifo. Kufana nokuba ngumcuphi. Ingcali, ebizwa ngokuba yi-pathologist, ijonga iiseli kwisampulu encinci kakhulu yolwelo okanye izicubu ezithathwe emzimbeni wakho.
Ujonga kakhulu naluphi na utshintsho olungaqhelekanga kwezi seli. Olu tshintsho lunokuba luphawu lomhlaza . Okanye lusenokuba yimeko engaphambi komhlaza enokuba ngumhlaza . Ayipheleli apho, olu vavanyo lukwasetyenziselwa ukubona usulelo olufana neebhaktheriya, iiparasites, iifungi, okanye iintsholongwane.
Kutheni ugqirha eyalela uvavanyo olunje?
Kukho izizathu ezininzi eziphambili zokuba ugqirha wakho angacebisa uvavanyo lwe-cytology.
- Njengovavanyo lokuhlola nokuchonga umhlaza: Olu vavanyo lunokunceda ekufumaneni ezinye iintlobo zomhlaza ngaphambi kokuba kuvele iimpawu. Kubalulekile nokuqinisekisa ukuba iqhuma okanye into engaqhelekanga inomhlaza okanye akunjalo.
- Ukuchonga izifo ezisulelayo: Oku kusetyenziswa ukufumanisa ukuba zeziphi iintsholongwane ezibangele usulelo kwindawo ethile emzimbeni.
- Ukuchonga iimeko zokudumba: Olu vavanyo lukwanceda ekuchongeni iimeko ezithile zokudumba emzimbeni, ezifana ne-sarcoidosis.
Ziziphi iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuvavanya ezi seli?
Olu vavanyo lwe-cytology lunokwahlulwa lube ziintlobo ezintathu eziphambili, kuxhomekeke kwindlela ugqirha athatha ngayo isampuli yeeseli kuwe. Makhe sijonge oku ngendlela elula yokukuqonda.
| Uhlobo lovavanyo | Indlela yokufumana iiseli | Imizekelo |
|---|---|---|
| I-Exfoliative Cytology | Ukuhlolwa kweeseli ezikhutshwa okanye ezikhutshwa ngumzimba ngokwendalo. Ezi zifumaneka kulwelo lomzimba. | - I-cytology yomchamo - I-Phlegm - Ukukhupha amanzi emehlweni, kwilungu lobufazi, okanye kwiingono - Ulwelo lwe-cerebrospinal engqondweni nasemgogodleni - Ulwelo olujikeleze imiphunga, intliziyo, okanye isisu |
| I-Abrasive Cytology | Iiseli zifunyanwa ngokuzikrwela okanye ukuzisula kusetyenziswa isixhobo. Ngamanye amaxesha, iiseli zihlanjwa kusetyenziswa ulwelo. | - I-Pap smear: Olu lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lwe-cervical smear. - Ngexesha le-bronchoscopy: Ukuhlamba okanye ukuxubha iiseli ezivela kwimiphunga okanye kwiindlela zomoya. - Ngexesha le-endoscopy: Ukuthatha iiseli kwiindawo ezifana nomqala kunye nesisu. - Ukukrwela iiseli zesikhumba kwiiblista okanye amanxeba. |
| Ukungenelela / I-Aspiration Cytology (FNA) | Ukusebenzisa inaliti ecolekileyo kakhulu ukugqobhoza ulusu nokususa iiseli ezinolwelo kwiqhubu okanye ithumba. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yiFine-Needle Aspiration (FNA) . | - Ii-lymph nodes ezikhulisiweyo entanyeni nasemakhwapheni - Amaqhuqhuva e-thyroid - Amaqhuma amabele - Ubunzima bamathe |
Uvavanyo lweseli lwenziwa njani?
Kulungile, ngoku masibone ukuba le nkqubo yonke isebenza njani. Kukho amanyathelo aliqela oku.
1. Ukuthatha isampuli: Okokuqala, ugqirha wakho uza kuthatha isampuli yeeseli emzimbeni wakho esebenzisa indlela efanelekileyo (efana nokukrwela, ukuhlamba, okanye ukufutha ngenaliti).
2. Ukuthumela kwilebhu: Okulandelayo, le sampuli ifakwa kwisilayidi seglasi okanye ibekwe kwibhotile encinci ize ithunyelwe kwilebhu.
3. Ukulungiselela isampuli:Kwilabhoratri, ingcali ye-cytopreparatory ilungiselela isampuli yovavanyo. Apha, kusetyenziswa iidayi ezahlukeneyo ukuze iiseli zibonakale ngakumbi. Oku kubizwa ngokuba 'yi-staining'.
4. Uvavanyo lweMicroskopu: Ngoku kuza eyona nxalenye ibalulekileyo. Ingcali ye-cytologist kunye nengcali yezifo bajonga le sampuli ilungisiweyo phantsi kwemicroscope. Bahlola imilo yeeseli, ubungakanani bazo, indlela ezihlanganiswe ngayo iiseli, uhlobo lwenucleus, nezinye izinto ezininzi. Bakhangela naluphi na utshintsho olungaqhelekanga okanye ubukho beentsholongwane ezisulelayo.
5. Ukulungiselela ingxelo: Okokugqibela, ingcali yezifo idala ingxelo epheleleyo equka oko ikubonileyo kunye nokuxilongwa. Le ngxelo yileyo ugqirha wakho ayifumanayo.
Kwenzeka ntoni ngaphambi nasemva kovavanyo?
Uninzi lwexesha, akukho lungiselelo likhethekileyo lifunekayo kuvavanyo lwe-cytology. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye iimvavanyo (umzekelo, ukuba isampuli ithathwe nge-endoscopy) zinokufuna imiyalelo ethile. Ngoko ke kungcono ukubuza ugqirha wakho ukuba kukho nantoni na ekhethekileyo ekufuneka uyenze ngaphambi kovavanyo.
Emva kovavanyo, xa ugqirha wakho efumana ingxelo yengcali yezifo, uza kuxoxa nawe ngeziphumo aze agqibe ngento omawuyenze ngokulandelayo.
Zithini iingenelo zovavanyo lweseli? Lwahluke njani kwi-biopsy?
Uvavanyo lweeseli luneengenelo ezininzi ezinkulu, ingakumbi xa kuthelekiswa nenye indlela yovavanyo, i-biopsy.
- Isampulu encinci kakhulu yanele oku.
- Ayibuhlungu kangako kune-biopsy.
- Ukungena emzimbeni kuncinci kakhulu .
- Umngcipheko weengxaki uphantsi kakhulu .
Umahluko phakathi kweCytology kunye neBiopsy: Cinga nge-cytology njengokuthatha isitena esiwile eludongeni lwezitena uze usihlole. Esikubonayo kukuba isitena sibukeka njani. I-biopsy kukuthatha isitena esincinci sodonga uze uhlole indlela izitena kunye nodaka oluhambelana ngayo. Oko kukuthi, kwi-cytology, sijonga iiseli nganye nganye okanye amaqela eeseli. Kwi-biopsy, sihlola ulwakhiwo lweqhekeza lonke lezicubu.
Ithini intsingiselo yengxelo efunyenweyo?
Iziphumo ozifumanayo ziya kuxhomekeka kwisizathu sovavanyo kunye nenxalenye yomzimba apho isampuli ithathwe khona. Iziphumo eziqhelekileyo ziquka:
| Uhlobo lwesiphumo | Intsingiselo elula |
|---|---|
| Eqhelekileyo / Embi | Kuthetha ukuba akukho ziphazamiso okanye iiseli zomhlaza ezifunyenweyo kwiiseli ezihlolweyo. Ukuba kufunyaniswe usulelo, kuthetha ukuba akukho sulelo. |
| Aziqinisekanga / Azanelisi | Oku kuthetha ukuba bekungekho ziseli zaneleyo kwisampulu ukufikelela kwisigqibo esicacileyo. Uvavanyo lunokufuneka luphindwe. |
| Okungaqhelekanga / Okulungileyo | Kuthetha ukuba iiseli zibonakala zahlukile kwiiseli eziqhelekileyo. Kodwa oku akuthethi ukuba unomhlaza. Isenokuba lusulelo okanye olunye utshintsho oluncinci. Ingxelo ingabandakanya amagama afana ne-dysplasia, hyperplasia, okanye metaplasia. Ugqirha wakho uza kukuchaza oku. |
Kuza kwenzeka ntoni emva koko ukuba isiphumo asiqhelekanga?
Musa ukoyika ukuba iziphumo aziqhelekanga. Ugqirha wakho uya kugqiba ukuba uza kwenza ntoni ngokulandelayo ngokusekelwe kuhlobo lwengxaki. Usenokuyalela ezinye iimvavanyo, ezifana ne-biopsy, okanye acebise ukuba kuqalwe unyango. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuthetha nogqirha wakho ngayo kwaye ulandele imiyalelo yakhe.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Cytology luvavanyo olulula, olukhuselekileyo, nolungenabuhlungu oluhlola iiseli zomzimba ukuze kufunyanwe izifo.
- Oku kunceda kakhulu ekufumaneni umhlaza kwangethuba kunye nezifo ezahlukeneyo.
- I-Pap smear, uvavanyo oluqhelekileyo olwenziwa phakathi kwabasetyhini, ikwaluhlobo lovavanyo lwe-cytology.
- Ukuba iziphumo zovavanyo lwakho 'aziqhelekanga', akuthethi ukuba unesifo somhlaza rhoqo. Ngoko ke ungakhathazeki.
- Ukuba unemibuzo okanye amathandabuzo malunga novavanyo okanye iziphumo, thetha ngazo ngokukhululekileyo nogqirha wakho.
💬 Comments (0)
Akukho zimvo zithunyelweyo okwangoku. Faka uluvo lwakho apha okokuqala.
Faka uluvo lwakho