Ngaba wakha wabona ixabiso elibizwa ngokuba yi-eGFR xa ujonga ingxelo yegazi? Mhlawumbi ugqirha wakho ukuxelele ngalo. Nangona lisenokubonakala linzima kancinci kubantu abaninzi, eneneni luvavanyo olubaluleke kakhulu olulinganisa indlela ezisebenza ngayo izintso zethu. Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngokulula nangokuzolileyo malunga nokuba le eGFR iyintoni, ithetha ukuthini, kunye nokuba loo maxabiso athetha ukuthini.
Kalula nje, yintoni i-eGFR?
Intsingiselo epheleleyo ye-eGFR yi -Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate . Musa ukoyika, amagama makhulu, kodwa ibali lilula kakhulu.
Khawuthelekelele ukuba izintso zakho zinezigidi zeefilitha ezincinci ngaphakathi kuzo. Zifana nesihluzo seti. Ezifilitha zihluza imveliso yenkunkuma engafunekiyo egazini lethu, ziyicoce, zize zikhuphe loo mveliso yenkunkuma emzimbeni wethu ngomchamo. Kwizonyango, ezi filitha zincinci sizibiza ngokuba yi-glomeruli .
Ngoko ke, i-eGFR lixabiso elibala ukuba lingakanani igazi elicociweyo ngomzuzu omnye ngezi zihluzo ezibizwa ngokuba yi-glomeruli. Oku akulinganisiswa ngokuthe ngqo, kodwa eli xabiso libalwa (liqikelelwa) ngokulinganisa i-creatinine kwisampulu yegazi lakho kwaye ulifake kwifomyula enezinto ezifana neminyaka yakho, isini, njl. Yiyo loo nto ibizwa ngokuba yi-"Estimated" GFR.
Olu vavanyo luvumela oogqirha ukuba babone iimpawu zokuqala zeengxaki ekusebenzeni kwezintso zakho, ingakumbi isifo sezintso esingapheliyo (CKD) .
Kutheni ugqirha ecela ukujonga ixabiso le-eGFR?
Ngokwesiqhelo uhlolwa i-eGFR yakho njengenxalenye yovavanyo lwegazi oluqhelekileyo, oluhlala lwenziwa minyaka le. Ukongeza, ukuba unezinye zezinto ezibangela umngcipheko ezidweliswe ngezantsi, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa uvavanyo lwe-eGFR ukuze ajonge impilo yezintso zakho.
- Ukuba unesifo seswekile .
- Ukuba une- high blood pressure (i-Hypertension) .
- Ukuba unesifo sentliziyo .
- Ukuba kukho nabani na kusapho (umama, utata, abantakwabo noodadewabo) onesifo sezintso .
- Ukuba i-body mass index (BMI) ingaphezulu kwama-25 (ubunzima obugqithisileyo).
- Ukuba unezifo zomchamo ezixhaphakileyo (ii-UTI) okanye ukuvaleka komchamo.
- Ukuba uneengxaki zokuzalwa ezichaphazela izintso.
- Ukuba ukhe wafakelwa izintso.
Kwiimeko ezinjalo, umngcipheko wokonakala kwezintso uphezulu. Ngoko ke, injongo kagqirha kukujonga rhoqo ixabiso le-eGFR aze afumane naziphi na iingxaki kwasekuqaleni.
Zithini iiCreatinine kunye neCystatin C?
Sithethe ngendlela yokubala i-eGFR. Eyona nto isetyenziswayo kuloo nto yi-creatinine.
- I-Creatinine: Ngamafutshane, le yinkunkuma eveliswa xa izihlunu zethu zisebenza. Xa sihamba, sibaleka, okanye senza nawuphi na umsebenzi, sisebenzisa amandla ezihlunu. Inkunkuma ebizwa ngokuba yi-creatinine eveliswa ngeli xesha iqokelelana egazini. Izintso eziphilileyo ziyayihluza egazini zize ziyikhuphe emchameni. Nangona kunjalo , xa izintso zingasebenzi kakuhle, le creatinine iqala ukuqokelelana egazini endaweni yokuhluzwa. Ukwanda kwenqanaba le-creatinine egazini kuthetha ukuba inkqubo yokucoca izintso ibuthathaka.
- I-Cystatin C: Ngamanye amaxesha, ingakumbi kubantu abadala okanye abantu abanemisipha emininzi, i-creatinine yodwa isenokunganiki mfanekiso uchanekileyo. Amanqanaba e-Creatinine nawo achatshazelwa zizinto ezifana nobunzima bemisipha, ubudala, kunye nokutya. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, oogqirha baya kujonga inqanaba leproteni ebizwa ngokuba yiCystatin C egazini. Oku kuveliswa ziiseli emzimbeni wethu, ngoko ke ubunzima bemisipha abunampembelelo ibalulekileyo.
Ngaba kufuneka ndilungiselele ngaphambi kovavanyo lwe-eGFR?
Ewe. Olu luvavanyo olunobuzaza kakhulu. Ngoko ke ukuze ufumane ulwazi oluchanekileyo, kufuneka ulandele imiyalelo kagqirha wakho ngokuchanekileyo. Usenokucelwa ukuba:
- Zila ukutya iiyure ezimbalwa (ungasela amanzi kuphela).
- Yeka ukutya inyama usuku okanye ezimbini ngaphambi kovavanyo.
- Yeka ukuthatha amayeza owasebenzisayo okwethutyana (qiniseka ukuba uthetha nogqirha wakho ngale nto).
Ukuba awuyilandeli ngononophelo le miyalelo, ukufundwa kwe-eGFR yakho kusenokungachaneki. Ngoko ke, landela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho ngokuchanekileyo. Uvavanyo ludla ngokwenziwa ngokuthatha igazi elincinci kumthambo osengalweni yakho. Yinkqubo elula ethatha imizuzu embalwa nje.
Zithini ixabiso le-eGFR? Amatyala esifo sezintso
Kulungile, masingene kwizinto ezibalulekileyo. Ithini ixabiso le-eGFR kwingxelo yakho?
I-eGFR eqhelekileyo yomntu omdala osempilweni imalunga ne-100. Kuqhelekile ukuba eli xabiso liyehla kancinci kancinci njengoko sikhula, nokuba akukho sifo.
Okubaluleke kakhulu, ukuba i-eGFR yakho ihlala ingaphantsi kwama-60 kangangeenyanga ezingaphezu kwezintathu , ugqirha unokuyifumana njengesifo sezintso esingapheliyo (CKD).
Isifo sezintso esinganyangekiyo (CKD) sahlulwe saya kumanqanaba amahlanu aphambili ngokusekelwe kwi-eGFR. Makhe sijonge ukuba zeziphi.
| Iqonga | Ixabiso le-eGFR | Intsingiselo |
|---|---|---|
| Inqanaba loku-1 | Ngaphezulu kwama-90 | Nokuba izintso zonakele kancinci, zisasebenza kakuhle kwaye azibonakalisi zimpawu. |
| Inqanaba lesi-2 | Phakathi kweminyaka engama-60 ukuya kwengama-89 | Umonakalo kwizintso unyuke kancinci, kodwa zisasebenza kakuhle. |
| Inqanaba lesi-3 | Phakathi kwama-30 - 59 | Ukusebenza kwezintso kuye kwehla kakhulu. Ngeli xesha, ezinye iimpawu (ezifana nokudinwa kunye nemilenze evuvukileyo) zinokubonakala. |
| Inqanaba lesi-4 | Phakathi kwe-15 - 29 | Ukusebenza kwezintso kuye kwehla kakhulu. Le yimeko embi kakhulu. |
| Inqanaba lesi-5 | Ngaphantsi kwe-15 | Oku kubizwa ngokuba kukusilela kwezintso . Izintso zisebenza ngaphantsi kwe-15%. Ukufakelwa kwezintso okanye ukufakelwa kwezintso kuyimfuneko ukuze kugcinwe ubomi. |
Kuza kwenzeka ntoni emva koko ukuba ixabiso le-eGFR aliqhelekanga?
Ukuba i-eGFR yakho iphantsi, ugqirha wakho uza kukuxelela ukuba ungakhathazeki aze acele ezinye iimvavanyo ukuze kufunyanwe unobangela ochanekileyo.
- Uvavanyo lomchamo: Olu vavanyo lujonga iproteni (ingakumbi i-albumin) okanye igazi kumchamo. Ezi zinokuba ziimpawu zokuqala zomonakalo wezintso.
- I-Kidney Ultrasound/CT Scan: Olu vavanyo lunceda ekuboneni ubungakanani kunye nokuma kwezintso, kunye nokuba kukho amatye okanye iithumba.
- I-Biopsy Yezintso: Ngamanye amaxesha, kuthathwa iqhekeza elincinci kakhulu lesicubu sezintso lize lihlolwe nge-microscope. Oku kunceda ekuqinisekiseni ukuba sisifo sini na kanye kwaye siyingozi kangakanani.
Ziziphi iimpawu ezifuna ukubona ugqirha?
Isifo sezintso asisoloko sibonisa zimpawu kwizigaba zokuqala. Yiyo loo nto iimvavanyo ezifana ne-eGFR zibalulekile. Kodwa njengoko isifo siqhubeka, unokuzibona ezi zinto. Ukuba unazo ezi, bona ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
- Ukuziva ngathi uchama kakhulu kunesiqhelo.
- Ulusu olomileyo nolurhawuzelayo.
- Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza.
- Ukudumba kwezandla, iinyawo, namaqatha.
- Ubunzima bokuphefumla.
- Ukushukuma kwemisipha.
- Ukuba mnyama kwesikhumba.
Ezi mpawu zinokuba ziimpawu zezinye izifo. Kungoko ke, kungcono ukuba ungoyiki kwaye ufune iingcebiso zonyango ukuze ufumane unobangela ochanekileyo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-eGFR luvavanyo olulula lwegazi olulinganisa indlela izintso zakho ezicoca ngayo igazi lakho.
- Ixabiso elisempilweni limalunga ne-100. Kuqhelekile ukuba eli xabiso lehle kancinci xa ukhula.
- Ukuba ixabiso le-eGFR lihlala lingaphantsi kwama-60 kangangeenyanga ezingaphezu kwe-3, oko kungaba luphawu lwesifo sezintso esingapheliyo (CKD).
- Kubaluleke kakhulu kubantu abanesifo seswekile, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, isifo sentliziyo, kunye nembali yosapho lwabo lwesifo sezintso ukuba bajonge rhoqo i-eGFR yabo.
- Ukuba unemibuzo malunga nexabiso lakho le-eGFR, qiniseka ukuba uthetha nogqirha wakho ngayo. Musa ukwenza izigqibo zakho malunga nempilo yakho ngokusekelwe kulwazi olufumaneka kwi-Intanethi.
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