Ingaba irhashalala kunye nemisipha yakho ibuthathaka eluswini? Masithethe nge-dermatomyositis!

Ngaba ngamanye amaxesha ufumana amaqhuqhuva eluswini angaqhelekanga? Ngaba uziva ubuthathaka kancinci kwimisipha yakho? Mhlawumbi kufuneka wazi ngemeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-dermatomyositis. Sisifo esingaqhelekanga, kodwa kufanelekile ukusazi.

Yintoni iDermatyositis?

Ngamafutshane, i-dermatomyositis yimeko engaqhelekanga eyenza izihlunu zakho zibe buthathaka kwaye ibangele ukurhawuzelela okufana ne-eczema . Ikwelinye lamaqela amakhulu ezifo ezibizwa ngokuba yi-myopathy. Oku kuthetha ukuba ichaphazela izihlunu. Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba iba nkulu , inokuchaphazela nokuphefumla nokuginya. Cinga ngayo, izihlunu zethu zezona zisenza sishukume, ngoko ke kunzima kangakanani xa zonakele.

I-Dermatyositis luhlobo lwesinye isifo semisipha esibizwa ngokuba yi-polymyositis. Nangona kunjalo, kule meko, ukongeza kwimisipha, ulusu nalo luyachaphazeleka. Yiyo loo nto igama elithi 'derma' (elibhekiselele kulusu) longezwa kweli gama.

Ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi mpawu, kubalulekile ukubona ugqirha ngokukhawuleza. Kwezinye iimeko, ezi mpawu zingathatha iinyanga ukuba zivele. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha zinokuvela ngokukhawuleza kakhulu. Ukuba unyango luqalwe kwangethuba, iingxaki ezinkulu zinokuthintelwa kakhulu.

Nangona ingaqhelekanga kakhulu, le meko, ebizwa ngokuba yi-dermatomyositis , inokuba yingozi ebomini, ingakumbi kunyaka wokuqala emva kokuba iimpawu ziqalile. Kukwafunyaniswe ukuba inyusa umngcipheko wokufumana iintlobo ezithile zomhlaza.

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kweDermatomyositis kunye neLupus?

I-Dermatyositis yimeko efana ne-lupus kunye nezinye izifo ezibangelwa kukuzikhusela komzimba. Nangona kunjalo, iingcali azikayazi kakuhle into ebangela i-dermatomyositis. Yiyo loo nto ingachazwa njengemeko ebangelwa kukuzimela komzimba.

Ngoku, ukuba une-lupus, usenokuba neentlungu zamalungu, ukuva ulusu kunye ne-eczema, kunye neengxaki zamalungu akho angaphakathi (ingakumbi ingqondo yakho, imiphunga, izintso kunye nentliziyo). Iimpawu zakho zinokuvela zize ziphele, zize zibuye ngamaza - sizibiza ngokuba zezi zifo.

Nangona kunjalo, i-dermatomyositis ibonakaliswa bubuthathaka bemisipha kunye nokufa kwezicubu , kunye nokuqhambuka kwesikhumba. Ifunyaniswa ngovavanyo lwegazi, ii-biopsy, kunye novavanyo oluhlukeneyo lwemifanekiso.

Nokuba yi-dermatomyositis okanye i-lupus, kubalulekile ukuyixilonga nokunyanga ngokukhawuleza. Ukuba ubona naziphi na iimpawu ezintsha, bonana nogqirha ngokukhawuleza.

Ngubani onokuthi abe nesi sifo? Sixhaphake kangakanani?

I-Dermatomyositis inokuchaphazela nabani na, kodwa amanye amaqela anokuba nayo. Ezi ziquka:

• Abantwana abancinci abaneminyaka ephakathi kwemi-5 neli-15 ubudala.
• Abantu abadala abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-40 ukuya kwengama-60 ubudala.
• Abafazi.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba esi sifo sinqabile kakhulu . Ngokomyinge, ngumntu omnye kuphela kwi-100,000 ofumana esi sifo ngonyaka. Ngoko ke ungabona ukuba sinqabile kangakanani.

Le meko ichaphazela njani umzimba wakho? Ingozi yomhlaza?

Imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-dermatomyositis inokuchaphazela umzimba wakho ubomi bakho bonke.

Khawucinge nje, ukuba oku konakalisa kakhulu izihlunu zakho, usenokungakwazi ukusebenzisa okanye ukuhambisa inxalenye yomzimba wakho ngokufanelekileyo. Oku kudla ngokuthatha iminyaka ukukhula. Kodwa abanye abantu banokuba buthathaka kakhulu kwizihlunu ngokukhawuleza kunabanye.

Enye into kukuba i-dermatomyositis ikwafunyaniswe ukuba inyusa umngcipheko wokuba neentlobo ezithile zomhlaza .

I-Dermatyositis kunye nomhlaza

Malunga ne-15% yabantu abane-dermatomyositis baba nomhlaza kamva ebomini. Ezona ntlobo zixhaphakileyo zomhlaza ezibonwa kubantu abane-dermatomyositis zezi:

• Umhlaza wesibeleko
• Umhlaza wemiphunga
• I-Lymphoma
• Umhlaza webele
• Umhlaza wamathumbu amakhulu

Ngoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthetha nogqirha wakho malunga nomngcipheko wakho womhlaza kunye novavanyo onokulufuna.

Zithini iimpawu zesi sifo?

Iimpawu ezimbini eziphambili neziqhelekileyo ze-dermatomyositis kubuthathaka bemisipha kunye nokuqhambuka kolusu.

Abanye abantu banokuba nobuthathaka bemisipha kunye nokudumba kwesikhumba ngaxeshanye. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha uphawu olunye lunokubakho kangangeeveki, iinyanga, okanye iminyaka ngaphandle kolunye.

Ubuthathaka bemisipha

Ubuthathaka bemisipha bunokwenza kube nzima kuwe ukwenza izinto zemihla ngemihla. Umzekelo:

• Ukuhlala ngqo.
• Ukuvuka kwindawo yokuhlala (njengokusuka esitulweni okanye kwisofa).
• Ukunyuka izinyuko.
• Ukuvuka elele ebhedini.
• Ukuhlamba iinwele zakho.

Khawucinge indlela obunokuziva ungenakunceda ngayo ukuba ubungenakukwazi ukwenza izinto ezilula ngolu hlobo.

I-Eczema

I-Dermatomyositis ingabangela ukurhawuzelela eluswini lwakho (ingakumbi kwiindawo ezichatshazelwe lilanga ). Ulusu lunokutshintsha umbala luze ludumbe. Iindawo eziqhelekileyo apho oku kurhawuzelela kuvela khona zezi:

• Iinkophe kunye namehlo ajikeleze.
• Umphambili wesifuba namagxa (ngamanye amaxesha ubizwa ngokuba yi-'V-sign rash').
• Umva wentamo nasemagxeni (okwabizwa ngokuba yi-'shawl sign rash').
• Ukhakhayi.

Ezinye iimpawu

Ukongeza, i-dermatomyositis inokubangela iimpawu ezifana nezi:

• Ukutshintsha kombala wolusu kunye namaqhuma ezandleni, ingakumbi ezijikeleze amaqhuma (ngamanye amaxesha abizwa ngokuba zii-Gottron papules).
• I-calcium ifakwa phantsi kolusu, ngaphakathi kwimisipha, okanye kwizicubu ezidityanisiweyo.
• Amaqhuma emadolweni okanye ezingqinibeni.
• Ulusu oluqhekekileyo olujikeleze uzipho kunye nemithambo yegazi ebonakalayo encamini yozipho.
• Intlungu yamalungu.

Abanye abantu (ingakumbi abantwana abancinci) baba ne-dermatomyositis, bakhule beyishiya xa sele bebadala, baze bangaphindi babe nazo iimpawu. Nangona kunjalo, malunga ne-80% yamatyala, iba yimeko engapheliyo - oko kuthetha ukuba ibuya amaxesha ngamaxesha - kwaye ibangela iimpawu ubomi bonke.

Yintoni ebangela oku?

Iingcali azikayazi eyona nto ibangela i-dermatomyositis, kodwa kukho izinto ezininzi ekucingelwa ukuba zinegalelo kuyo:

• Izinto ezibangela imfuza: Ezinye izifundo zibonisa ukuba i-dermatomyositis isenokuba sisifo semfuza, oko kuthetha ukuba sinokudluliselwa kwizizukulwana ngezizukulwana.
• Iingxaki zokuzikhusela komzimba: Njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, i-dermatomyositis sisifo esifana nezifo ezininzi zokuzikhusela komzimba apho amajoni omzimba ahlasela izicubu eziphilileyo.
• Usulelo lwentsholongwane: Kukho ubungqina bokuba abanye abantu banokuba nosulelo lwentsholongwane, nokuba sele luphelile, olunokubangela imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-dermatomyositis.
• Izinto ezichaphazela imeko-bume: Ezinye izifundo zifumanise ukuba abantu abahlala kwiindawo ezinezinga eliphezulu longcoliseko okanye umgangatho womoya ophantsi banamathuba amaninzi okufumana i-dermatomyositis.

Sifunyaniswa njani esi sifo?

I-Dermatomyositis idla ngokuchongwa ngovavanyo lwegazi kunye neesampuli ezincinci ezithathwe kulusu lwakho kunye nemisipha (ii-biopsy) .

Ugqirha wakho uza kuvavanya igazi lakho ukuze abone:

• Nokuba kukho amanqanaba aphezulu ee-enzymes ezithile zemisipha ezibonisa umonakalo wemisipha.
• Ii-Autoantibodies ziiseli ezibonisa ukuba inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela isabela kwinto eyibona njengeyingozi.

Kusenokufuneka ukuba uthathe i-biopsy yolusu kwi-rash. Ugqirha wakho usenokufuna ukuthatha i-biopsy yemisipha ukujonga ukudumba ngaphakathi kwemisipha yakho.

Usenokuba nolunye lwezilingo ezininzi zokuthatha imifanekiso. Ezi zilingo zivumela ugqirha wakho ukuba ahlole izihlunu zakho, imithambo-luvo, imiphunga, kunye nezinye izitho zomzimba. Ezi zilingo zinokunceda ekuqinisekiseni ukuba iimpawu zakho zibangelwa yi-dermatomyositis okanye enye ingxaki. Ezona zilingo ziqhelekileyo zokuthatha imifanekiso ezisetyenziselwa ukuxilonga i-dermatomyositis zezi:

• Umzobo weMagnetic Resonance (MRI)
• I-X-ray yesifuba.

Kwezinye iimeko, ugqirha wakho unokuyalela uvavanyo olubizwa ngokuba yi-electromyography (EMG). Olu vavanyo lulinganisa umsebenzi wombane owenzeka xa izihlunu okanye imithambo-luvo ivuselelwa.

Iphathwa njani?

Nazi ezinye iindlela zonyango olufumanekayo lwe-dermatomyositis:

• IiCorticosteroids: Olu hlobo lwamayeza lunciphisa ukudumba kwimisipha yakho.
• Unyango lomzimba: Unyango lomzimba (kunye nokuzilolonga ngokubanzi) lunokunceda ekwakheni kwakhona umonakalo owenziwe zizihlunu zakho. Okukhona izihlunu zakho ziqina, kokukhona ziya kukwazi ukumelana nomonakalo obangelwe yi-dermatomyositis.
• Amayeza okunciphisa umzimba: La mayeza athintela amajoni omzimba wakho ekuhlaseleni iiseli kunye nezicubu ezisempilweni. Anganciphisa umonakalo owenziwa yinkqubo yokuzikhusela yomzimba wakho kwimisipha yakho.
• I-immunoglobulin efakwa kwimithambo yegazi (IVIg): I-IVIg sisongezelelo kwi-plasma yegazi lakho, eliyinxalenye ye-immunoglobulin ekhoyo ngokwemvelo egazini lakho. Unyango lwe-IVIg lunokunikwa kunye namayeza okunciphisa umzimba, okanye njengonyango olulolunye.
• Unyango lokuthetha: Ukuba unobuthathaka kwimisipha engaphakathi okanye ejikeleze umqala wakho, unyango lokuthetha lunokuqinisa imisipha emphinjeni wakho ekunceda ukuginya ukutya.

Uhlobo lonyango olufunekayo luya kuxhomekeka ekubeni iimpawu zakho zikuphi kwaye zinzima kangakanani. Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nento omawuyilindele kunye nokuba unyango oluthile lunokufuneka nini.

Ungazilawula njani iimpawu?

Ukulawula iimpawu ze-dermatomyositis kusenokwenzeka ukuba yinkqubo yexesha elide - mhlawumbi ubomi bakho bonke.

• Ukuba ugqirha wakho, ingcali yezonyango, okanye ingcali yentetho ikunika imithambo, yenza kanye njengoko kuyalelwe, kangangezihlandlo abakuxelela zona. Oku kuya kukunceda ugcine izihlunu zakho zomelele kangangoko.
• Thatha amayeza kanye njengoko ugqirha ewayalele, lonke ixesha.
• Kuphephe ukuchanabeka kwimitha ye-UV. Nciphisa ixesha lakho elangeni, kuphephe ukusebenzisa iibhedi zokuthambisa ezingaphakathi, kwaye uhlale ngaphakathi okanye emthunzini xa ungaphandle.
• Ngalo lonke ixesha uyazi ukuba uyaphumaSebenzisa i-sunscreen. Qinisekisa ukuba i-sunscreen yakho ine-SPF engama-50 ubuncinci, kwaye uphinde uyifake rhoqo emva kweeyure ezimbini.

Ukuba une-dermatomyositis, kubalulekile ukubona ugqirha wakho rhoqo. Uyakwazi ukujonga iimpawu zakho aze ajonge naluphi na utshintsho kwimisipha okanye ulusu lwakho.

Yintoni onokuyilindela xa uphila nesi sifo?

Akukho nyango luhlala luhleli lwe-dermatomyositis, ngoko ke ungalindela ukuba iimpawu zakho zilawuleke ubomi bakho bonke.

Nokuba unyango lukhona, malunga nama-80% abantu bane-dermatomyositis engapheliyo (ngamanye amaxesha ibizwa ngokuba yi-polycyclic dermatomyositis). Oku kuthetha ukuba iimpawu zakho zinokuvela zize ziphele ubomi bakho bonke. Bona ugqirha kwangoko xa ubona naziphi na iimpawu ezibonisa ukuba iimpawu ziya zisiba mandundu.

Malunga nesibini kwisithathu sabantu abane-dermatomyositis bakhubazeka ngokwasemzimbeni ngenxa yomonakalo wemisipha.

I-dermatomyositis ibulala malunga ne-5% yabantu abafunyenwe benesifo. Lo mngcipheko uphezulu kakhulu kunyaka wokuqala wokufunyaniswa kwaso. Nangona kunjalo, malunga ne-20% yabantu abane-dermatomyositis baya kuphulukana nempilo yabo ixesha elide. Oku kuthetha ukuba banokuphila ixesha elide bengenazo iimpawu.

Ezinye iimpawu kunye nezinye izinto zinokunyusa umngcipheko wokufa. Imizekelo ibandakanya:

• Ukuba unyango lulibaziseka ngaphezu kweenyanga ezintandathu.
• Ukuba uneminyaka engaphezu kwama-60 ubudala.
• Ukuba ufumana iimpawu ezinzima.
• Ukuba uneempawu emqaleni, emiphungeni, okanye entliziyweni.
• Ukuba unomhlaza okanye ukuba uvela omtsha.

Ufanele uye nini kugqirha?

Ukuba ubona ubuthathaka obutsha kwimisipha yakho, ingakumbi ukuba unerhashalala elukhumbeni, bonana nogqirha ngoko nangoko. Okukhona i-dermatomyositis ifunyanwa ngokukhawuleza, kokukhona unokuqala unyango ngokukhawuleza. Oku kunokunciphisa umngcipheko weempawu ezinzima kunye nezinye iingxaki.

Buza nokuba kufuneka ubonane nogqirha wakho kangaphi ukuze ajonge iimpawu zakho kunye notshintsho kwimisipha okanye ulusu lwakho.

Yeyiphi imibuzo omele uyibuze ugqirha wakho?

Kuqhelekile ukuba nemibuzo xa ufunda ngesifo esifana nesi. Ungabuza ugqirha wakho imibuzo efana nale:

• Ngaba ndine-dermatomyositis okanye ndinayo enye imeko?
• Luhlobo luni lovavanyo ekufuneka ndilwenze?
• Luhlobo luni lonyango endiludingayo, kwaye luza kuthatha ixesha elingakanani?
• Ngaba ndiza kufuna ukuhlolwa komhlaza?

Kuqhelekile ukuba uzive usoyika kakhulu xa ufumanisa ukuba unesifo esifana ne-dermatomyositis.Kuyothusa ukufunda ngemeko enokubangela ukufa ubomi bonke. Kodwa thatha inyathelo ngalinye. Okukhona ufunyaniswa unesifo ngokukhawuleza, kokukhona ungaqala unyango ngokukhawuleza.

Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokucwangcisa unyango lwakho kunye nolawulo lweempawu. Uza kukuchazela into omawuyilindele ngokulandelayo kunye notshintsho ekufuneka ulwenze ukuze ulungiselele ukuba iimpawu zakho ze-dermatomyositis ziya zisiba mandundu.

Izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule ngokufutshane

I-Dermatyositis sisifo esingaqhelekanga esibangela ubuthathaka bemisipha kunye nokudumba kwesikhumba.

• Oku kunokuvela nakubani na, kodwa kuxhaphake kakhulu kubantwana abaneminyaka emi-5 ukuya kweli-15, abantu abadala abaneminyaka engama-40 ukuya kuma-60, kunye nabasetyhini.
• Kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha ngokukhawuleza nje ukuba uqaphela iimpawu. Unyango olukhawulezileyo lunokunciphisa iingxaki.
• Nangona kungekho nyango luhlala luhleli loku, iimpawu zinokulawulwa ngonyango kunye nolawulo.
• Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nomngcipheko wakho womhlaza.
• Ungakhathazeki, awuwedwa. Ngoncedo loogqirha nabantu obathandayo, ungamelana nale meko.

I- Dermatyositis, ubuthathaka bemisipha, izifo zesikhumba, amaqhakuva, izifo zokuzikhusela komzimba, umngcipheko womhlaza, unyango lomzimba