Ngaba wakha wacinga ngento eyenzekayo kwirayisi, imifuno, kunye neentlanzi esizityayo ngaphakathi emizimbeni yethu ngelixa sizitya? Ngaba ziyanyamalala nje? Hayi... Zidlula kuhambo oluntsonkothileyo nolumangalisayo. Namhlanje sithetha ngolo hambo. Oko kukuthi, inkqubo yethu yokugaya ukutya, esebenza njengomzi-mveliso omangalisayo emzimbeni wethu.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni le nkqubo yokwetyisa?
Cinga ngenkqubo yakho yokugaya ukutya njengengqokelela yezitho ezidibeneyo. Ifana nombhobho omde. Lo mbhobho uqala emlonyeni wakho uphele empundu yakho. Umsebenzi wawo ophambili kukuguqula ukutya esikutyayo kube zizondlo ezifunwa yimizimba yethu, ezinceda ukuba ikhule, iphilise, kwaye isuse izifo. Ikwasusa nenkunkuma emzimbeni.
Le tube inde ibizwa ngokuba yi-gastrointestinal (GI tract). Inezinye izitho ezininzi ezinceda ukuhamba kwayo. Sizibiza ngokuba zi -accessory organs . Ezi zitho ziquka isibindi sakho, i-gallbladder, kunye ne-pancreas. Ezi zezona zivelisa iikhemikhali, ezibizwa ngokuba zii-enzymes, ezinceda ekugayeni ukutya.
Makhe sijonge okwenzekayo inyathelo ngenyathelo ukususela oko sithatha ukutya emlonyeni wethu.
Oku kufana nebali. Makhe sibone ukuba ukutya okutyayo kuhamba njani emlonyeni wakho.
1. Ukuqala kohambo: Umlomo
Inkqubo yokugaya ukutya iqala ngaphambi kokuba ufake ukutya emlonyeni wakho. Khawuthelekelele uvumba ukutya okumnandi. Umlomo wakho uqala ukutshiza, akunjalo? Kulapho kuqala khona. Xa sifaka ukutya emlonyeni wethu size sikuhlafune, amathe ethu avelisa amathe amaninzi. Iienzymes ezikule mathe ziqala ukuqhekeza istatshi ekutyeni. Ngamanye amazwi, inkqubo yokugaya ukutya iqala emlonyeni.
2. Indawo elandelayo yokuma: Umphimbo (Pharynx/Umphimbo)
Xa siginya ukutya, kwehla ngomqala. Kukho into ebaluleke kakhulu eyenzekayo apha. Umqala uyahlukana ube yi-trachea (ityhubhu esiphefumla ngayo) kunye ne-esophagus (ityhubhu esitya ngayo). Xa siginya ukutya, i-trachea izivaleka ngokuzenzekelayo, kwaye ukutya kuya ngqo kwi-esophagus.
3. Indlela eya ezantsi: I-Esophagus
Kufana nombhobho owenziwe ngezihlunu. Uhamba ukusuka emqaleni uye esiswini. Ukutya akuhambi nje kule mbhobho. Kutyhala ukutya phantsi ngendlela ekhethekileyo yokuxinana kwemisipha ebizwa ngokuba yi-'peristalsis' , njengegagasi. Apho umphimbo udibana khona nesisu, kukho umsipha omile okwesangqa. Ubizwa ngokuba yi -'Lower Esophageal Sphincter (LES) '. Kufana nomnyango. Xa ukutya kungena esiswini, lo mnyango uyavalwa. Ukuba lo mnyango awuvalwa kakuhle, i-asidi esesiswini `(acid)` iyavela ize ibangele izifo ezifana ne-heartburn kunye ne-gastritis `(GERD)`.
4. Indawo efanelekileyo yokusila: Isisu
Isisu sifana nengxowa eqinileyo. Kulapho ukutya okungena kuso kuxutywa kakuhle kwaye kugaywe. Iiasidi ezinamandla kunye nee-enzymes ezikhutshwa sisisu ziyakuqhekeza ukutya, zikuguqula kube lulwelo okanye imeko efana nentlama.
5. Ihashe elisebenzayo lokwenyani: Amathumbu amancinci
Amathumbu amancinci lilo elisebenza kakhulu kwinkqubo yokugaya ukutya. Kulapho uninzi lwezondlo ekutyeni esikutyayo zifunxwa khona emzimbeni. Lithumbu elide kakhulu. Ukuba ulivula, lingaphezulu kweenyawo ezingama-20 ubude! Lenziwe ngamacandelo amathathu: i-`Duodenum` , i-`Jejunum` , kunye ne-`Ileum` .
- Kukwi -duodenum apho ii-enzymes ezivela kwi-pancreas nesibindi zidibana khona ukuze ziqhekeze ukutya ngakumbi.
- Ukufunxwa kwezondlo eziqhekekileyo egazini kwenzeka ikakhulu kwiindawo ezibizwa ngokuba yi -`Jejunum` kunye ne -`Ileum` .
Okubaluleke kakhulu, ezi zondlo zifunxwayo zezona zisetyenziswa yimizimba yethu ukusinika amandla, ukusikhusela kwizifo, nokukhula.
6. Ulawulo lweNkunkuma: Amathumbu amakhulu/Ikholoni
Emva kokuba izondlo zifunxwe, iindawo zokutya ezingacolisekiyo, ezibizwa ngokuba yinkunkuma, zingena emathunjini amakhulu. Lo ngumbhobho omalunga neenyawo ezi-5-7 ubude kwaye ubanzi kunethumbu elincinci. Eyona nto iphambili eyenzekayo apha kukuba amanzi akwinkunkuma afunxwe abuyele emzimbeni. Emva koko inkunkuma eseleyo iba yinto eqinileyo. Siyibiza ngokuba yi-"poop". Le nkqubo idla ngokuthatha malunga neeyure ezingama-36.
7. Ukuphela Kohambo: I-Rectum kunye ne-Anus
Indle eqinileyo igcinwa okwethutyana kwi-rectum, inxalenye yokugqibela yamathumbu amakhulu. Xa i-rectum igcwele, iindonga zayo ziyanwebeka, zithumela umyalezo engqondweni wokuba kufuneka iye kwindlu yangasese. I-anus yindawo yokugqibela yokungena kwindlela yokugaya ukutya. Izihlunu ezijikeleze yona zisivumela ukuba silawule indlela indle ehamba ngayo.
Abancedisi abanceda kwinkqubo yokugaya ukutya
Ukongeza kumjelo wokutya, kukho nezinye izitho ezintathu ezibalulekileyo kule nkqubo. Makhe sijonge ukuba ziyintoni na kwaye yintoni indima yazo.
| Isitho esincedisayo | Umsebenzi owenziwayo |
|---|---|
| I-Pancreas | Ivelisa kwaye ikhuphe ii-enzymes ezinamandla emathunjini amancinci eziqhekeza iiproteni, amafutha kunye neecarbohydrates ekutyeni esikutyayo. Ikwavelisa i-hormone i- insulin , elawula amanqanaba eswekile egazini. |
| Isibindi | Eli lelona lungu likhulu emzimbeni. Linemisebenzi emibini ephambili enxulumene nokugaya ukutya. Omnye kukuvelisa inyongo, enceda ekugayeni amafutha. Omnye kukucubungula izondlo ezifunxwa emathunjini amancinci ukuze zisetyenziswe ngumzimba. |
| Inyongo | Eli lilungu elincinci elifana nengxowa. Ligcina kwaye ligcine inyongo engaphezulu eveliswa sisibindi. Xa ukutya kungena emathunjini amancinci, kukhupha inyongo efunekayo ukuze ityiwe. |
Izifo ezichaphazela inkqubo yokugaya ukutya
Ngenxa yokuba le nkqubo inzima kangaka, izifo ezahlukeneyo zinokwenzeka. Ezinye zincinci, zexesha elifutshane, ngelixa ezinye zizifo zexesha elide.
Iingxaki eziqhelekileyo ezinokuvela:
- Ukuqhinwa: Ubunzima bokuphuma ebhedini.
- Urhudo: Ukuphuma kwendle engamanzi.
- Isitshiso sentliziyo: Ukudumba okubangelwa kukunyuka kwe-asidi esiswini.
- Ukuphazamiseka kwesisu (iGastroenteritis): Ukugabha kunye norhudo olubangelwa zizifo ezibangelwa ziintsholongwane okanye iintsholongwane.
- IiHemorrhoids: Ukudumba kwemithambo yegazi kwi-rectum.
Iimeko ezinzulu ezifuna unyango:
Ukuba usoloko unengxaki yesisu okanye utshintsho kwindlela ohamba ngayo amathumbu, qiniseka ukuba ubona ugqirha wakho . Isenokuba luphawu lwesifo esinzulu, esifana nesi:
- I-Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS): Imeko ebangela ukudumba, iintlungu, ukuqhina, okanye urhudo ngenxa yengxaki yokusebenza kwamathumbu amakhulu.
- Isifo samathumbu esivuthayo (IBD): Ukudumba okungapheliyo kwendlela yokugaya ukutya. Imizekelo ibandakanya isifo sikaCrohn kunye ne-Ulcerative Colitis.
- I-GERD (Isifo se-Gastroesophageal Reflux): I-asidi yesisu idla ngokubuyela kwi-esophagus.
- Isifo seCeliac: I-allergy apho umzimba usabela kwiproteni ebizwa ngokuba yi-"gluten" efumaneka kwiinkozo ezifana nengqolowa nerhasi.
- Umhlaza: Umhlaza weenkqubo zokugaya ukutya ezifana nesisu, umqolo ophakathi, nesibindi.
Uyigcina njani inkqubo yakho yokugaya ukutya isempilweni?
Ukuze le nkqubo imangalisayo isebenze kakuhle, kufuneka siyincede. Nazi ezinye iingcebiso ezilula:
1. Ukutya okunempilo: Nciphisa ioyile nokutya okucutshungulweyo kwaye wandise ukutya kwakho imifuno etyebileyo enefayibha , iziqhamo, iimbotyi kunye neenkozo ezipheleleyo. Ifayibha inceda ukwenza ukuhamba kwamathumbu kube lula.
2. Ukuzilolonga: Ukuzilolonga imihla ngemihla kunceda indlela yokugaya ukutya isebenze kakuhle. Ubuncinane yiba nomkhwa wokuhambahamba kancinci emva kwesidlo sangokuhlwa.
3. Sela amanzi: Ukungaseli manzi aneleyo yimbangela enkulu yokuqunjelwa. Sela ubuncinane iilitha ezi-2-3 zamanzi ngosuku.
4. Hlafuna ukutya kwakho kakuhle: Ukuhlafuna ukutya kwakho kakuhle kunceda kwinkqubo yokugaya ukutya kwaye kukwavelisa amathe.
5. Ziphephe imikhwa emibi: Ukutshaya nokusela utywala kakhulu kunegalelo kwizifo ezininzi ezifana ne-gastritis kunye nezilonda.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Inkqubo yakho yokwetyisa yinkqubo ende neyinkimbinkimbi yamalungu omzimba ahamba esuka emlonyeni wakho aye empundu yakho.
- Umsebenzi wayo ophambili kukuguqula ukutya esikutyayo kube ngamandla kunye nesondlo esifunekayo emzimbeni wethu, kunye nokulahla izinto ezingafunekiyo njengenkunkuma.
- Izitho ezincedisayo ezifana nesibindi kunye nepancreas zibonelela ngoncedo olubalulekileyo kule nkqubo.
- Ungayigcina le nkqubo isempilweni ngokutya ukutya okunesondlo, ukuzilolonga ngokwaneleyo, nokusela amanzi aneleyo.
- Ukuba uneempawu ezihlala zikhona ezifana nokuphazamiseka kwesisu, ukuqhina kwesisu, okanye urhudo, musa ukuzityeshela kwaye ubone ugqirha ngoko nangoko.
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