Ngaba kutshanje ukhe waba nesifo sentliziyo? Okanye ngaba ukhe wafakwa i-stent kumthambo wentliziyo yakho? Ugqirha wakho usenokuba ukunike iintlobo ezimbini zamayeza. Elinye lisenokuba yi-aspirin. Elinye lisenokuba yipilisi enegama elahlukileyo. Ngoko ke usenokuba uzibuza, "Kutheni ndinikwa amayeza amabini ahlukeneyo ngenxa yemeko efanayo?" Lo ngumbuzo abantu abaninzi abanawo. Namhlanje, sithetha nge-DAPT, okanye i-Dual Antiplatelet Therapy, olunyango olubalulekileyo nolusindisa ubomi kuninzi lwenu.
Yintoni iDAPT? Masiyiqonde ngokulula.
Ukuze siqonde oku, kufuneka kuqala sazi kancinci ngegazi lethu. Igazi lethu liqulathe iiseli ezibomvu zegazi, iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi, kunye nezinye iiseli ezincinci. Ezi zibizwa ngokuba
ziiplatelets . Umsebenzi ophambili wezi
platelets kukuyeka ukopha xa kukho ukwenzakala kwindawo ethile emzimbeni wethu, zize zikhawuleze ziye kwindawo leyo, zinamathele, kwaye zenze i-mesh yokuyeka ukopha. Kufana nokubeka iplasta ngokukhawuleza kumbhobho ophukileyo. Oku sikubiza ngokuba
kukuqhekeka kwegazi . Le yinkqubo ebaluleke kakhulu ekusindiseni ubomi bethu. Nangona kunjalo, ingxaki iqala apho oku kuqhekeka kwegazi akufanele kwenzeke khona, oko kukuthi, ukuba kwenzeka ngaphakathi komnye wemithambo yethu yegazi. Khawucinge ukuba kwenzeka ntoni ukuba i-blood clot iyenzeka kumthambo othwala igazi entliziyweni? Loo mthambo wegazi uyavalwa, umise ukuhamba kwegazi entliziyweni kwaye ubangele
uhlaselo lwentliziyo (Myocardial Infarction) . Kwakhona, ukuba le blood clot iya ebuchosheni, inokubangela
istroke . Ke ngoko,
i-Dual Antiplatelet Therapy (DAPT) lunyango oluthintela loo ma-blood clot ayingozi ukuba angenzeki ngaphakathi kwemithambo. Kule meko, iintlobo ezimbini zamayeza abizwa ngokuba yi-
"Antiplatelet" zinikwa kunye. I-Antiplatelet liyeza elithintela iiplatelet ukuba zinganamatheli ndawonye, oko kuthetha ukuba lithintela ukwakheka kwamahlwili egazi. Igama elithi "Dual" lithetha ezimbini. Ngoko ke, oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-Dual Antiplatelet Therapy kuba iintlobo ezimbini zamayeza zinikwa kunye.
Ngubani ofuna olu nyango lwe-DAPT?
Oogqirha abaniki wonke umntu olu nyango. Lunikwa kuphela abantu abasengozini enkulu yokuba namahlwili egazi emithanjeni yabo. Olu nyango ludla ngokumiselwa kwiimeko ezilandelayo:
| Xa kufuneka unyango | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|
| Emva kohlaselo lwentliziyo | Oku kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthintela ukuba igazi lingaphumi kwaye kubangele olunye uhlaselo lwentliziyo kumntu oye wahlaselwa yintliziyo. |
| Emva kwestroke okanye i-TIA | Olu nyango lunikezelwa ukuthintela ukuphinda kwestroke emva kwestroke ebangelwe kukuqhekeka kwegazi kwimithambo yegazi engqondweni. I-TIA (Transient Ischemic Attack) yimeko efana nestroke encinci. |
| Emva kokufakwa kwe-stent | I-stent yityhubhu encinci ye-mesh efakwa kumthambo wegazi ovalekileyo entliziyweni ukuze ihlale ivulekile. Kukho umngcipheko omkhulu wokuba amahlwili egazi enzeke ngaphakathi kwesi stent. I-DAPT iyimfuneko ngokwenene ukuthintela oku. |
| Emva kwe-Angioplasty | Oku kuquka ukwandisa umthambo wegazi ovalekileyo ngokufutha into efana nebhaluni. Kusenokubakho umngcipheko wokwakheka kwamahlwili egazi emva koku. |
| Emva kotyando lwe-coronary artery bypass | Kwanasemva kolu tyando, oludlula imithambo yegazi evalekileyo entliziyweni luze lufake imithambo yegazi emitsha, kukho amaxesha apho olu nyango lunikwa ukuthintela ukwakheka kwamahlwili egazi kuloo mithambo mitsha. |
Ngawaphi amayeza anikwa i-DAPT?
Sithi iintlobo ezimbini zamayeza zinikwa kunye kunyango lwe-DAPT. Ezo ntlobo zimbini zamayeza zezi: 1.
I-Aspirin: Eli liyeza uninzi lwenu olukhe lweva ngalo. Nangona lisetyenziswa kakhulu njengeyeza lokuthomalalisa iintlungu, linikwa ngamanani aphantsi kakhulu ukuthintela ukuqhekeka kwegazi kwizigulana zentliziyo. 2.
Iyeza elikwiqela le-P2Y12 Inhibitor: Eli liyeza lesibini. Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zamayeza akweli qela.
- I-Clopidogrel
- IPrasugrel
- I-Ticagrelor
Ugqirha wakho uza kugqiba ukuba yeyiphi kula mayeza mathathu aza kukunika yona kwaye ngeyiphi idosi.Kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi, ezifana nemeko yakho yempilo, ubudala, kunye nokuba unazo ezinye iimeko zempilo.
Ziziphi iingenelo kunye neengozi zonyango lwe-DAPT?
Njengakwezinye iindlela zonyango, unyango lwe-DAPT luneengenelo kunye neengozi ezithile. Kubalulekile ukuzazi zombini ezi zinto.
| Inzuzo ephambili | Umngcipheko Ophambili |
|---|
| Ukusindisa ubomi: Ngokuthintela ukwakheka kwamahlwili egazi ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi, umngcipheko wokuhlaselwa yintliziyo kunye nokubetha kwentliziyo okunokuba yingozi uncitshiswa kakhulu. Le yeyona nzuzo inkulu nebaluleke kakhulu yolu nyango. | Umngcipheko wokopha: Ngenxa yokuba la mayeza athintela ukwakheka kwamahlwili egazi, anokulibaziseka kwiindawo apho amahlwili egazi aqhele ukwenzeka khona aze ayeke ukopha. Oku kunokunyusa umngcipheko wokopha ngaphezu kwesiqhelo . |
Okungakumbi malunga nomngcipheko wokopha...
Musa ukoyika xa usiva "umngcipheko wokopha." Oku kunokuthetha nantoni na, ukusuka kwizinto ezincinci ukuya kwizinto ezinzulu.
- Ukopha okuncinci: Ukopha iintsini xa uhlamba amazinyo, ukopha impumlo, kunye nokujika kube luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngokukhawuleza emva kokwenzakala okuncinci zizinto eziqhelekileyo.
- Ukopha igazi okunzulu: Nangona kunqabile kakhulu, ukopha esiswini okanye emathunjini ( ukopha kwamathumbu) kunokwenzeka. Oku kunokubangela igazi kwindle okanye kwenze isitulo sibe mnyama. Oku kunqabile nangakumbi, ukopha ngaphakathi kwengqondo kunokwenzeka.
Into ebalulekileyo kukuba ugqirha wakho ukunika olu nyango kuba ufumanise ukuba umngcipheko wokuqhekeka kwegazi mkhulu kakhulu kunomngcipheko wokopha. Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukulandela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho.
Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kunye nokusebenzisana namanye amayeza
Abanye abantu abasebenzisa i-DAPT banokufumana iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezincinci.
Kwakhona, xa usebenzisa i-DAPT, kufuneka wazise ugqirha wakho ngamanye amayeza owasebenzisayo. Kuba amanye amayeza anokuphazamisana nokusebenza kakuhle kwe-DAPT. Lumka ngakumbi ngala mayeza.
- Amanye amayeza okunciphisa igazi ( Anticoagulants ): Ukuba uthatha amayeza afana neWarfarin, umngcipheko wokopha uphezulu kakhulu.
- Iipilisi zokunciphisa iintlungu (ii-NSAID): Ukusetyenziswa rhoqo kwamayeza afana ne-Ibuprofen kunye ne-Diclofenac kunokunyusa umngcipheko wokopha esiswini.
- Amanye amayeza okudakumba (Amayeza okudakumba).
- Amayeza e-gastritis (Proton Pump Inhibitors): Amayeza afana ne-Omeprazole.
Ngoko ke, ungalibali
ukuxelela ugqirha wakho ngayo yonke into oyithathayo, kuquka iipilisi, iivithamini, kunye namayeza esintu.
Kufuneka ndithathe eli yeza ixesha elingakanani?
Le yingxaki nakubantu abaninzi. Ubude bexesha lokuthatha i-DAPT abufani kubo bonke abantu. Iyahluka kumntu nomntu.
- Abanye abantu banokuyinika ixesha elifutshane, njengenyanga okanye ezimbini.
- Abantu abaninzi kufuneka basele utywala unyaka wonke okanye ngaphezulu.
- Kwanasemva kokuba uyekile unyango lwe-DAPT, ugqirha wakho angakuxelela ukuba uthathe i-aspirin kuphela ubomi bakho bonke.
Eli xesha limiselwa ngugqirha wakho. Kukho izinto ezininzi ezichaphazela eli xesha:
- Yayiyintoni isizathu sokuba uqalwe ukusebenzisa i-DAPT (uhlaselo lwentliziyo? Kuba kwafakwa i-stent?).
- Ubudala bakho kunye nempilo yakho iyonke.
- Ungakanani umngcipheko wokopha?
- Umngcipheko wokuba nolunye uhlaselo lwentliziyo okanye isifo sohlangothi kwixesha elizayo.
Yintoni omele uyenze ukuze uzikhusele xa usebenzisa i-DAPT?
Kwakhona kufuneka ucinge ngokhuseleko lwakho ngelixa usenza olu nyango. Nazi ezinye izinto ezilula onokuzenza ukunceda.
- Sela amayeza akho ngexesha: Sela amayeza akho kanye njengoko ugqirha wakho ekuxelele, ungatsibi naluphi na usuku . Ukuba uphoswa yidosi, inokubangela ukuba igazi liqhekeke. Ungaze uyeke ukuthatha amayeza akho ngaphandle kokubuza ugqirha wakho.
- Nxiba ikhadi lesazisi sezonyango:Ukuba kunokwenzeka, soloko uphatha isongo okanye ikhadi elibhalwe ukuba usebenzisa i-DAPT. Xa kukho imeko engxamisekileyo, oku kuya kunceda abo bakunyangayo bazi ukuba usebenzisa amayeza okunciphisa igazi.
- Xelela bonke oogqirha bakho: Nokuba uza kubona ugqirha wamazinyo okanye uza kwenza naluphi na olunye utyando, kufuneka ubaxelele ukuba usebenzisa i-DAPT, njengoko ezinye iindlela zotyando zifuna ukuba uyeke okwethutyana ukuthatha eli yeza.
Ziziphi iimpawu ezifuna unyango olukhawulezileyo?
Ukuba ufumana naziphi na kwezi mpawu, oko kungaba luphawu lokopha kakhulu. Ngoko ke, musa ukulibazisa kwaye
utsalele umnxeba ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko okanye
uye kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) lesibhedlele esikufutshane. Iimpawu zokopha ezifuna ingqalelo ekhawulezileyo
| ⚫ | Indle emnyama okanye enegazi. |
| 🤮 | Ukuhlanza igazi (njengokomityi wekofu okanye umbala obomvu/omdaka). |
| 🤕 | Intloko ebuhlungu kakhulu, ebuhlungu ngesiquphe |
| 😵 | Ukuba nesiyezi , ukuziva ngathi uza kulahlekelwa zingqondo. |
| 😖 | Intlungu ebuhlungu yesisu . |
| ❓ | Ukudideka . |
| 😮💨 | Ubunzima bokuphefumla okanye iintlungu esifubeni. |
Kwakhona, ukuba ukrokrela ukuba uthathe amayeza amaninzi kakhulu, fowunela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko. Kungenjalo,Ungafowunela
neZiko loLwazi ngeTyhefu leSizwe kwiSibhedlele sikaZwelonke saseColombo ukuze ufumane ingcebiso.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-DAPT yindibaniselwano yamayeza amabini athintela ukuqhekeka kwegazi. Olu lunyango olusindisa ubomi olukukhusela kwiimeko ezinzulu ezifana nokuhlaselwa yintliziyo kunye nokubetha.
- Umngcipheko ophambili wolu nyango kukopha kakhulu, ngoko ke nokuba yingozi encinci ingathatha ixesha elide ukuyeka ukopha.
- Sela amayeza kanye njengoko ugqirha wakho ekuyalele, ungalibali usuku olunye. Musa ukuyeka ukuwasela amayeza nangasiphi na isizathu ngaphandle kokubonisana nogqirha wakho.
- Xelela ugqirha wakho ngezinye iindlela oza kuzisebenzisa. Kwakhona, xelela ugqirha wakho ukuba uza kubona ugqirha wamazinyo okanye uza kwenza olunye utyando.
- Ukuba unendle emnyama, uhlanza igazi, okanye intloko ebuhlungu, yiya kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) lesibhedlele ngoko nangoko.
I-DAPT, Unyango oluBini lwe-Antiplatelet, ukujiya kwegazi, uhlaselo lwentliziyo, istroke, i-stent, i-aspirin, i-clopidogrel, i-Clopidogrel, isifo sentliziyo, izithibi zegazi
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