Ngaba wakha wazibuza ukuba kwenzeka ntoni ekutyeni esikutyayo emva kokuba kungene esiswini sethu? Oko kutya kuya phi emva kwesisu? Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngesithuba esibaluleke kakhulu kolo hambo. Eli liqhawe elincinci elenza umsebenzi omkhulu ngokuzolileyo kwinkqubo yethu yokugaya ukutya. Masimazi ngokweenkcukacha.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-duodenum ?
I-duodenum yinxalenye yokuqala yamathumbu akho amancinci . Nangona ibizwa ngokuba "ngumathumbu amancinci," eneneni yeyona ndawo inde kwinkqubo yethu yokugaya ukutya. Kulapha apho izondlo (iiproteni, amafutha, iivithamini , njl.njl.) ekutyeni esikutyayo zahlulwa zibe yimo yolwelo enokufunxwa ngumzimba.
Amathumbu amancinci afana nombhobho omncinci omile njengonobumba u-'C'. Ukutya okuvela esiswini kuqala kungena kweli thumba lincinci. Iindawo ezimbini ezilandelayo zamathumbu amancinci yi-jejunum kunye ne-ileum.
Zithini imisebenzi ephambili yeplanethi?
Umsebenzi ophambili wesisu kukuqhubeka nenkqubo yokugaya eqala emlonyeni nasesiswini kwaye kuqalwe ukufunxwa kwezondlo egazini. Khawuthelekelele ukuba ngaphambi kokuba kufike esiswini, ukutya kuxutywe namathe kunye neeasidi zesisu ukuze kwenziwe ulwelo oluqinileyo, okanye masithi "iporridge yokutya" ('chyme'). Loo porridge yokutya iguqulwa ibe zizondlo ezinokusetyenziswa ngumzimba ngaphakathi esiswini.
Nazi izinto eziphambili ezenzekayo ngaphakathi kwiplanethi:
| Umsebenzi | Inkqubo ilula. |
|---|---|
| Ukunciphisa i-asidi yokutya | Ukutya (i-chyme) okuvela esiswini kune-asidi eninzi. I-hormone (i-secretin) eveliswa yi-pancreas ikhupha i-enzyme ebizwa ngokuba yi-bicarbonate, enciphisa le acidity. Oku kwenza kube lula ukufunxa izondlo kwaye kuthintele umonakalo kumathumbu amancinci obangelwa yi-asidi engaphezulu. |
| Ukuguqula ukutya kube zizondlo | I-pancreas ivelisa enye i-hormone (i-cholecystokinin). Oku kubonisa ukuba i-pancreas yakho, i-gallbladder, nesibindi sakho zithumela izinto ozidingayo ukuze utye ukutya. I-Bile, evela kwi-gallbladder nesibindi, inyibilikisa amafutha. Ii-enzymes ezivela kwi-pancreas ziqhekeza amafutha, ii-carbohydrates, kunye neeproteni. Ezi zondlo emva koko zifunxwa egazini. |
| Ukutyhalela ukutya phambili | Amasuntswana okutya angafunxwanga aseleyo atyhalelwa kwinxalenye elandelayo yamathumbu amancinci (i-jejunum). Oku kwenziwa ngentshukumo yesingqisho (i-peristalsis) apho iindonga ze-jejunum zincipha kwaye zande. |
Ingakanani ubukhulu kunye nendawo ekuyo iplanethi?
I-duodenum yeyona ndawo imfutshane yamathumbu amancinci. Imalunga ne-intshi ezili-10 ubude. Loo nto ingaphantsi kancinci kwenyawo. Igama lesiLatini elithi "duodenum" lithetha "iminwe eli-12." Oko kuthetha ukuba inobude obungangeminwe eli-12 ebekwe ecaleni kwelinye.
Khawucinge nje, amathumbu akho amancinci onke anobude obuziimitha ezingama-22. Loo nto ilingana nobude benkundla yethenisi. Kodwa kukwicandelo elincinci leesentimitha ezili-10 kuphela lobo bude apho konke oku kufunxwa khona izondlo kubalulekile kwenzeka khona.
I-esophagus ikwindawo engaphantsi kwesisu. Igoba ngendlela ethi 'C' ngasekunene nangasemva, ezantsi, ize igobe ngasekhohlo. Eyona ndawo ibanzi yepancreas yakho ikwindawo ethi 'C'.
Iindawo ezine zeplanethi
Iplanethi inokwahlulwa ibe ziinxalenye ezine eziphambili, ezibizwa ngokwendawo kunye nokuma kwazo.
1. Inxalenye ephezulu: Le yeyona nxalenye iphezulu edibanisa nesisu. Imalunga ne-intshi ezi-2 ubude. Ngenxa yokuba ichaphazeleka kakhulu yi-asidi yesisu, izilonda emathunjini amancinci zinokwenzeka kakhulu kule nxalenye.
2. Icandelo elihlayo: Njengoko igama lisitsho, eli candelo limile okwe-'C' elihlayo. Limalunga ne-intshi ezi-4 ubude. Imibhobho evela kwi-pancreas , kwi-gallbladder , nakwisibindi idibana kweli candelo. Inyongo kunye nee -enzymes ezivela kwezi zitho ziyadibana ukuze ziqhekeze amafutha , iiproteni kunye nee-carbohydrate.
3. Icandelo elithe tye:Oku nako kumalunga ne-intshi ezi-4 ubude. Kuqala ekunene ukuya ekhohlo, kwaye kuphezulu kwemithambo yegazi emininzi emikhulu emzimbeni wethu.
4. Inxalenye enyukayo: Le yeyona nxalenye incinci yamathumbu amancinci. Ingaphantsi kancinci kwe-intshi enye ubude. Iyanda inyuke ize iqhagamshelane nenxalenye elandelayo yamathumbu amancinci (i-jejunum).
Lwakhiwe njani udonga lweplanethi?
Udonga lwesibeleko luneeleya ezine eziphambili.
- I-Mucosa: Le yingqimba engaphakathi. Ineembonakalo ezincinci ezifana neminwe (i-microvilli). Ezi zandisa indawo engaphezulu kwamathumbu, zivumela ukufunxwa okukhulu kwezondlo.
- I-Submucosa: Le layer inemithambo yegazi kunye nezicubu ezidityanisiweyo. Ikwanazo neendlala zikaBrunner, ezivelisa into enciphisa iasidi yokutya okuvela esiswini.
- Imisipha: Le yenziwe ngezihlunu ezithambileyo. Umsebenzi wayo ophambili kukuxuba nokuhambisa ukutya phambili.
- ISerosa: Le sisigqubuthelo esingaphandle esikhuselayo.
Ngamafutshane, i-grahini ifana nomatshini wokuxuba nokucoca obuchwephesha obuphezulu. Ilawula i-asidi yokutya, yongeza ii-enzymes ezifunekayo, yahlule izondlo, ize ithumele okuseleyo kwinqanaba elilandelayo.
Izifo neengxaki ezinokubakho ezinxulumene neplanethi
Ngenxa yokuba ikufutshane nesisu, umqala unokuba sengozini yokonakala ukuba i-asidi yesisu iyanda. Le asidi inokubangela izilonda zesisu kunye ne-esophagus. Izizathu ezibini eziphambili zoku kusulelwa yintsholongwane ebizwa ngokuba yi-`H. pylori` kunye nokusetyenziswa kakhulu kwee-painkillers ezibizwa ngokuba yi-`NSAIDs` (iziyobisi ezichasene nokuvuvukala ezingezizo ii-steroidal) (umz. i-aspirin, i-ibuprofen) .
Ukuba inxeba elinganyangwanga libangela umonakalo omkhulu eludongeni lwesibeleko kwaye lonakalise umthambo wegazi ongasemva kwaso, linokubangela ukopha kakhulu. Le yimeko efuna unyango olungxamisekileyo.
Izifo ezininzi ezichaphazela amathumbu amancinci zinokuchaphazela nepancreas.
- Isifo sikaCrohn: Imeko ebangela ukudumba nokudumba kwamathumbu amancinci.
- Isifo seCeliac: Imeko ebangela iingxaki zokugaya ukutya xa kutyiwa ukutya okunegluten.
- Umhlaza we-Duodenal: Umhlaza oqala kwiiseli ze-duodenum.
- I-Duodenitis: Ukuvuvukala kwe-duodenum.
- Ukuvaleka kwamathumbu amancinci: Ukuvaleka kwamathumbu amancinci ngokupheleleyo okanye kancinci, kuquka ne-rectum. Oku kukwangungxamiseko lwezonyango.
Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ezibonisa ingxaki
Ukuba kukho ingxaki, iimpawu zinokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwisifo. Nangona kunjalo, nazi iimpawu ezibonakala rhoqo kwiingxaki zenkqubo yokugaya ukutya.
- Isisu esibuhlungu
- Ukudumba kwesisu kunye nokurhawuzelela
- Ukuqhinwa
- Urhudo
- Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza
- Ukungakhululeki kwesisu emva kokutya (Ukungagayi kakuhle kwesisu)
- Ukuhlanza igazi okanye ukuphuma kwegazi esitulweni (oku kungaba luphawu lokopha enxebeni)
Ukuba ezi mpawu ziyaqhubeka, qiniseka ukuba ubona ugqirha wakho ukuze akunike ingcebiso .
Iindlela zokujonga impilo yesibeleko
Ugqirha wakho uza kuyalela uvavanyo olufunekayo ngokusekelwe kwiimpawu zakho. Ezinye zazo ziquka:
- Uvavanyo lokuphefumla losulelo lwe-H. pylori.
- Iiskeni: Uvavanyo olufana ne-'Ultrasound', 'X-rays', 'CT scan' okanye 'MRI' ukuze kukhangelwe amaqhuma kunye nokuvuvukala ngaphakathi kwesibeleko.
- I-Endoscopy: Ityhubhu encinci enekhamera eqhotyoshelweyo ifakwa ngomlomo ukuze kuhlolwe ingaphakathi le-esophagus.
- I-Biopsy: Ukuba kukho iqhuma elingaqhelekanga, kuthathwa iqhekeza elincinci lesicubu kulo lize livavanywe iiseli zomhlaza.
Unyango oluqhelekileyo lwezifo zesibeleko
Unyango lumiselwa yimeko.
- Ii-antibiotics: Kwiintsholongwane zebhaktiriya ezifana ne-H. pylori.
- Amayeza e-steroid (Corticosteroids): Ukunciphisa ukudumba okugqithisileyo.
- Amayeza anciphisa i-asidi yesisu: Amayeza afana ne-`Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs)`, `H2 blockers` kunye ne-`antacids`.
- Utyando: Utyando lunokufuneka kwiimeko zomhlaza okanye ezinye iingxaki zesakhiwo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-duodenum yinxalenye yokuqala yamathumbu akho amancinci, enomfanekiso ka-'C'. Nangona incinci, idlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekugayeni ukutya nasekufunxeni izondlo.
- Kulapho ke i-asidi yokutya okune-asidi eninzi ephuma esiswini incitshiswa khona, iguqulwe ibe zizondlo, ize iqale ukufunxwa egazini.
- Ukusetyenziswa kakhulu kwe-painkillers (NSAIDs) kunye nosulelo lwe-H. pylori kunokubangela izilonda esiswini.
- Ukuba iimpawu ezifana nentlungu yesisu, ukudumba, kunye nokuhlanza ziyaqhubeka, musa ukuzityeshela kwaye ubone ugqirha wakho.
- Ukutya ukutya okunefayibha eninzi, imifuno, nokusela amanzi aneleyo, kunye nokuphepha ukutshaya nokusela utywala kakhulu, kuluncedo kakhulu kwinkqubo yakho yokugaya ukutya kunye nesibeleko sakho.
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