Ngaba uvakalelwa kukuba kukho into ebambekileyo emqaleni wakho okanye iqhuma emqaleni wakho xa uginya? Ngamanye amaxesha, emva kwexesha elithile, ingakumbi xa ugoba okanye ujikajika, ngaba uvakalelwa kukuba ukutya okutyileyo kubuyela emqaleni wakho? Isizathu soku sisenokuba sisingxobo esincinci esakheka kumqala wakho, umbhobho esiginya ngawo ukutya. Ngokwezonyango, oku sikubiza ngokuba yi- Esophageal Diverticulum . Musa ukoyika xa usiva eli gama, masithethe ngalo ngokulula.
Kalula nje, yintoni le Esophageal Diverticulum?
Cinga ngomqala wakho, umbhobho wemisipha othwala ukutya ukusuka emlonyeni wakho ukuya esiswini sakho, njengetayara emotweni. Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba kukho indawo ebuthathaka kwitayara, uxinzelelo lomoya ngaphakathi lubangela ukuba iqamza elincinci liphume kuloo ndawo ibuthathaka, akunjalo? Kunjalo ke ngale.
Ukuba kukho indawo ebuthathaka kwi-mucous lining ye-esophagus yethu, uxinzelelo oluvela xa siginya ukutya lubangela ukuba kubekho ingxowa encinci, okanye umngxuma, ngaphandle kwengxowa ebuthathaka. Yiloo nto siyibiza ngokuba yi-Esophageal Diverticulum . Okunye kokutya kunye nolwelo oluginyayo lunokubanjwa ngaphakathi kwesi sikhwama.
Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili zale meko?
Oogqirha bahlulahlula ezi zipokotshi (diverticula) zibe ziintlobo ezahlukeneyo ngokusekwe kwindlela ezibunjwe ngayo kunye nendawo ezikuyo. Makhe sijonge iintlobo eziphambili.
Okokuqala, kukho iintlobo ezimbini zezi: "inyaniso" kunye "nobuxoki".
- I-True Diverticulum: Kule meko, isikhwama senziwe ngokuphuma ngaphandle kuzo zonke iileya zodonga lomqala, kuquka nezihlunu.
- I-False Diverticulum: Kule nto, zimbalwa kuphela iileya zangaphakathi zodonga ezivuthulukayo ngaphandle.
Ngoku makhe sibone ukuba ezi zahlulwe njani ngokwendawo ezikuyo kwi-esophagus.
| Uhlobo lwe-Diverticulum | Indawo kunye nenkcazo elula |
|---|---|
| I-Zenker Diverticulum | Olu lolona hlobo luxhaphakileyo . Lukhula kwinxalenye ephezulu yomqala, kufutshane nesiqalo somqala. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ezi zi-diverticula "zobuxoki". Isizathu esiphambili luxinzelelo olubangelwa kubunzima bokuginya ukutya. |
| Killian-Jamieson Diverticulum | Le incinci kancinci kuneZenker Diverticulum. Ivela kwindawo yentamo. Ihlala ibonakala njengengxowa encinci, enye. Isenokubangelwa bubuthathaka bokuzalwa kwizicubu ezikuloo ndawo. |
| I-Midesophageal Diverticulum | Ezi zikhula embindini we-esophagus, eyinxalenye engaphakathi kwesifuba. Ezi zidla ngokubizwa ngokuba yi-"true" diverticula. Zibangelwa kukutsalwa kwangaphandle. Usulelo esifubeni lunokubangela ukuba ezi zinto zenzeke xa izicubu zidumba kwaye zinamathela kwi-esophagus, ziyitsale ngaphandle. |
| I-Epiphrenic Diverticulum | Ezi zikhula kwinxalenye esezantsi ye-esophagus, kufutshane nalapho idibana khona nesisu. Ezi zikwabizwa ngokuba yi-"false" diverticula, ezibangelwa luxinzelelo lwangaphakathi. Umzekelo, ukuba inxalenye esezantsi ye-esophagus ivaliwe, zinokwakheka njengoko ukutya kuzama ukungena esiswini. |
Ingaba le yimeko eqhelekileyo kakhulu?
Hayi, le yimeko engaqhelekanga kakhulu . Ichaphazela malunga ne- 1% yabemi. Ixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-50 ubudala, ingakumbi emva kweminyaka engama-70 ubudala. Ixhaphake kancinci kumadoda kunabasetyhini.
Ngaba nawe unazo ezi mpawu?
Abantu abaninzi banale diverticulum kodwa abanazo naziphi na iimpawu. Usenokungazi nokuba unayo ubomi bakho bonke. Kodwa ukuba unayo, kusenokwenzeka ukuba yiZenker diverticulum. Jonga ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi mpawu:
- Kuvakala ngathi kukukhafula emqaleni yiyo loo nto ukhohlela .
- Ukuziva ngathi kukho iqhubu emqaleni xa uginya ukutya.
- Ukuziva ngathi ukutya kunamathele emqaleni .
- Ukubuyela kwesisu kukubuyela kokutya emqaleni xa ugoba okanye uthambekele.
- Umoya onukayo ngaphandle kwesizathu esithile.
- Ngamanye amaxesha isandi sokuphefumla sivela esifubeni.
Kutheni kusenzeka into efana nale? Zithini izizathu?
Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili zezizathu zokuba oku kwenzeke: Enye kukusebenza ngaphakathi, enye kukutsalwa kwangaphandle.
1. Ngenxa yoxinzelelo (Pulsion Diverticula)
Uninzi lwe-esophageal diverticula lukhula ngolu hlobo. Oku kwenzeka xa kukho uxinzelelo oluqhubekayo kwindawo enye ngaphakathi kwi-esophagus. Uninzi lwexesha, olu xinzelelo lwenzeka xa siginya. Olu xinzelelo lungaqhelekanga lunokubangelwa zezinye iimeko zempilo ezenza kube nzima ukuginya.
Ezinye zeemeko ezinjalo zezi:
- I-Achalasia: Ukungakwazi ukukhulula izihlunu kwinxalenye esezantsi yomqala.
- Ukuqaqamba komlomo: Ukushwabana okungaqhelekanga kwemisipha kwi-esophagus.
- Ukucutheka komlomo: Ukucutheka okanye ukucutheka komlomo.
- I-Eosinophilic esophagitis: Ukudumba komqala ngenxa ye-allergy.
2. Ngenxa yokutsalwa (iTraction Diverticula)
Oku kwenzeka xa into engaphandle komqala ityhala udonga ngaphandle. Oku kudala i-diverticula "yokwenyani", oko kuthetha ukuba lonke ubukhulu bodonga lutyhalelwa ngaphakathi. Ezi zihlala zenzeka embindini womqala. Oku kubangelwa kukudumba kwezicubu ezivela ngaphakathi komngxuma wesifuba, zinamathele kumqala, zize ziwutsale ngaphandle.
Iintsholongwane ezinokubangela ukuba izicubu zesifuba zidumbe ngale ndlela ziquka:
- Isifo sephepha
- I-Histoplasmosis (usulelo lwefungus)
Into ebalulekileyo kukuba le meko idla ngokuvela ngenxa yesinye isifo esingabonakaliyo. Kunqabile kakhulu ukuba i-diverticulum ivele yodwa.
Zeziphi iingxaki ezinokubangela oku?
Ekuhambeni kwexesha, esi sikhwama (i-diverticulum) sinokukhula kancinci kancinci. Oku kwandisa umngcipheko wokuba ukutya kubambeke ngaphakathi kuso. Xa ukutya kubambeke ngolu hlobo, ungaziva ngathi kukho iqhuma emqaleni wakho. Kwakhona, ukutya okubambekileyo kunokubangela usulelo, iintlungu, kunye nokudumba .
Ukutya okubambekileyo kunokubangela umoya onukayo, incasa embi emlonyeni, kwaye kwiimeko ezinzima, kunokuvakala ngathi yiqhuma entanyeni.
Enye into kukuba ukutya okubambekileyo kunokubuyela emqaleni xa utshintsha indawo, umzekelo xa ugoba. Oku kunokubangela ukukhohlela kunye nokuphelelwa ngumphefumlo. Eyona nto iyingozi kukuba ukuba oku kwenzeka ebusuku ngelixa ulele , amasuntswana okutya anokungena emiphungeni yakho ngaphandle kokuba uqaphele. Kwizonyango, sibiza oku ngokuthi yi-silent aspiration . Oku kunokubangela usulelo emiphungeni, olubizwa ngokuba yi -Aspiration Pneumonia .
Ingaba lo ngumhlaza? Ngaba kukho umngcipheko?
Lo mbuzo usenokuba ufike nakuwe. Le meko ayisiyo umhlaza ngokwenene. Kodwa ayifane yenzeke kubantu abane-diverticulum.Ipesenti encinci kakhulu, malunga ne-0.05%, ifunyenwe ine- squamous cell carcinoma ngaphakathi kwesi sikhwama. Akukacaci ukuba ukucaphuka okungapheliyo okubangelwa kukugcinwa kokutya ixesha elide kwesi sikhwama kungaba yimbangela. Kodwa khumbula, le ngozi iphantsi kakhulu .
Uyibona njani le meko?
Ixesha elininzi, oku kufumaneka ngengozi. Esi sikhwama sifunyanwa kuphela xa uxilongwa ngesinye isifo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba uneempawu, ugqirha wakho uya kuyalela uvavanyo lokuvavanya uxilongo lwakho. Kukho iindlela ezimbini eziphambili zokwenza oku. Ezi yi-radiology kunye ne-endoscopy.
Nazi ezinye iintlobo zovavanyo onokuzenza:
- I-Esophagram (Uvavanyo lweBarium Swallow): Oku kufana ne-X-ray. Unikwa ulwelo olunetshokhwe olubizwa ngokuba yi-barium ukuba ulusele. Xa luginywa, ingaphakathi lomqala liyabonakala ngokucacileyo. Emva koko, njengoko uluginya, kuthathwa ividiyo ye-X-ray (fluoroscopy). Oku kuya kukubonisa ukuba kukho ingxowa.
- I-Upper Endoscopy (Uvavanyo lwe-EGD): Oku kuquka ukufaka ityhubhu encinci efakwe ikhamera ngomlomo wakho ukuze uhlole umphimbo wakho nesisu. Uza kunikwa i-anesthesia ukuqinisekisa ukuba awuziva ungonwabanga ngeli xesha lenkqubo. Imifanekiso evela kwikhamera ingajongwa kwiscreen sekhompyutha, nto leyo evumela ugqirha ukuba abone ukuba iphi kwaye inkulu kangakanani i-diverticulum.
- Uvavanyo lwe-Esophageal Manometry: Olu vavanyo lunokwenziwa ukuba ukrokrela ukuba i-diverticulum ibangela ubunzima bokuginya. Olu vavanyo lujonga ukuba izihlunu zakho zomelele kangakanani kwaye zisebenza kakuhle kangakanani.
Zithini iindlela zonyango zoku?
Iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba uninzi lwe-esophageal diverticula aludingi naluphi na unyango . Ukuba awunazo naziphi na iimpawu okanye iingxaki, ungayiyeka nje.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuba iimpawu zakho ziyaphazamisana nobomi bakho bemihla ngemihla okanye ukuba kukho iingxaki, ingxowa ingadinga ukususwa okanye ivalwe. Zininzi iindlela zokwenza oku. Kusenokufuneka unyange imeko ebangela oko.
Iindlela zonyango
- Ukulungiswa Kotyando: Ugqirha angayinqumla aze ayisuse ngokupheleleyo ingxowa (diverticulectomy). Okanye, angayithungela eludongeni lwe-esophagus (diverticulopexy). Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba unobangela kukuqina kwemisipha, inkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yi-myotomy (ukusika nokukhulula imisipha) inokwenziwa ngaxeshanye nolu tyando.
- Unyango nge-endoscope (i-Endoscopic Diverticulotomy):Le yindlela elula kuneyotyando. I-endoscope ifakwa ngomlomo kwaye i-septum inqunyulwa phakathi kwesikhwama kunye nodonga lomqala. Oku kwenziwa kusetyenziswa i-laser, i-electrocautery, okanye isixhobo se-stapler. Ezi zixhobo zisika kwaye zivale inxeba ngaxeshanye.
Ugqirha wakho uza kuxoxa nawe ngendlela yonyango efanele imeko yakho.
Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuchacha emva konyango?
Emva konyango, kuya kufuneka uhlale esibhedlele malunga nosuku olunye. Emva koko kuya kufuneka uye ekhaya uphumle iiveki ezimbalwa. Kwiintsuku ezimbalwa zokuqala, umqala wakho usenokuba buhlungu kwaye udumbile. Oku kunokwenza kube nzima ukuginya.
Ugqirha wakho uza kukunika iintlungu. Baza kukunika nemiyalelo yokuba ungaqala njani ngokutya okumanzi, utshintshele ekutyeni okuthambileyo kancinci kancinci, uze emva koko uye ekutyeni okuqhelekileyo. Ukulandela le miyalelo kubaluleke kakhulu ukuze uphile ngokukhawuleza.
Ukuqukumbela, uninzi lwabantu abanale meko abanazo naziphi na iingxaki. Nokuba iyenzeka, kukho unyango olusebenzayo lokuyilungisa. Izinga lempumelelo lonyango lingaphezulu kwe-90%.
Ngoko ke ukuba unale mpawu, ungoyiki ukubona ugqirha aze akunike iingcebiso. Uza kukwenza uvavanyo olufunekayo, akuchazele ngokucacileyo ukuba unale meko, kwaye ukuba kunjalo, uza kwenza ntoni emva koko.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-esophageal diverticulum sisingxobo esincinci esivela kwindawo ebuthathaka eludongeni lombhobho apho siginya khona ukutya.
- Abantu abaninzi banale nto kodwa abanazo iimpawu.
- Iimpawu zingabandakanya ubunzima bokuginya, ukutya okubambekayo emqaleni, umoya onukayo, kunye nokuziva ngathi kukho into ebambekayo emqaleni.
- Lo asingomhlaza, kwaye umngcipheko wokuba ngumhlaza uphantsi kakhulu.
- Ukuba uneempawu, le meko inokuchongwa ngokulula ngeBarium Swallow Test okanye i-Endoscopy.
- Amaxesha amaninzi, akukho mfuneko yonyango. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba iimpawu zinzima, utyando okanye unyango lwe-endoscopic lunokunyangeka ngempumelelo.
- Ukuba unamathandabuzo malunga noku, ngokuqinisekileyo thetha nogqirha wakho.
💬 Comments (0)
Akukho zimvo zithunyelweyo okwangoku. Faka uluvo lwakho apha okokuqala.
Faka uluvo lwakho