Kuqhelekile ukuba uzive usoyika kwaye unexhala xa ugqirha wakho ekuxelela okanye umntu osondeleyo kuwe ukuba kufuneka wenze utyando olubizwa ngokuba yi-"Esophagectomy." Usenokuba nemibuzo emininzi efana nale, "Luyintoni olu tyando? Kutheni lwenziwa? Kuza kwenzeka ntoni emva koko?" Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Siza kuthetha ngayo yonke into ngesiSinhala esilula onokusiqonda, sinobuhlobo kakhulu. Xa ugqiba ukufunda eli nqaku, uya kuba uyiqonda kakuhle le nto.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-Esophagectomy?
Utyando lwe-esophagectomy lutyando olususa inxalenye okanye yonke i-esophagus yakho. I-esophagus yityhubhu ethwala ukutya nokusela ukusuka emqaleni ukuya esiswini. Ifana nombhobho wamanzi.
Ngoku usenokuba uzibuza, "Kutheni le nto isuswa?" Isizathu esiphambili ngumhlaza womqala . Oogqirha bakwacebisa olu tyando kwiimeko apho uneemeko ezifana ne-Barrett's esophagus, nto leyo eyandisa umngcipheko wakho wokuba nomhlaza, okanye xa umqala wakho ungasebenzi kakuhle kwaye unobunzima bokuginya.
Ngexesha lotyando, ugqirha ususa inxalenye eyonakeleyo yomqala wakho. Ukuba ngumhlaza, ezinye ii-lymph nodes ezikufutshane nazo ziyasuswa zize zithunyelwe ukuze zivavanywe. Emva koko, ezinye iindawo ziyaxhunyaniswa kwakhona kwaye umbhobho wakho wokutya uyabuyiselwa. Oku kuthetha ukuba isisu siyatsalwa kancinci kwaye sidityaniswe nenxalenye yomqala wakho. Ngale ndlela, umbhobho wakho wokutya uyalungiswa ukuze ukwazi ukutya ngendlela eqhelekileyo kwakhona.
Ziziphi iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokwenza olu tyando?
Nangona zonke iinkqubo zokususwa kwesisu ziquka ukususwa kwesisu, indlela ugqirha wakho ayisebenzisayo inokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwizinto ezifana nendawo yesisu sakho okanye umonakalo kunye nempilo yakho iyonke.
Kukho iindlela ezimbini eziphambili:
- Utyando Oluvulekileyo: Apha, kwenziwa umngxuma omnye omde eluswini ukuze kufikelelwe kumqala.
- Utyando Olungenabungozi Kakhulu: Olu lutyando esilubiza ngokuba "lutyando lwe-laparoscopic." Endaweni yotyando olunye olukhulu, kusetyenziswa imingxunya emininzi emincinci emalunga ne-intshi ubude ukwenza olu tyando, apho kufakwa khona ikhamera nezixhobo. Utyando lokufikelela kwizitho zesisu lubizwa ngokuba yi-'Laparoscopic surgery', kwaye utyando lokufikelela kwizitho zesifuba lubizwa ngokuba yi-'Thoracoscopic surgery'.
Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zotyando ezisekelwe kwezi ndlela. Itheyibhile engasezantsi ichaza ngakumbi ngazo.
| Indlela Yotyando | Iindawo Zokusika |
|---|---|
| Utyando lwe-Transhiatal Esophagectomy | Entanyeni nasesiswini (esiswini) |
| Utyando lwe-Ivor Lewis Esophagectomy | Kwicala lasekunene lesifuba nesisu |
| Utyando lwe-Esophagectomy eMcKeown | Entanyeni, esifubeni nasesiswini |
| Utyando lwe-Thoracoabdominal Esophagectomy | Ukusika okude ukusuka esifubeni ukuya esiswini kunye nokusika okude entanyeni |
Thetha nogqirha wakho uze ufumane ukuba yeyiphi indlela efanelekileyo kuwe kwaye kutheni. Oku kuya kukunika ukuqonda okungcono ngexesha lotyando kunye nexesha lokuchacha.
Silungiselela njani utyando olukhulu kangaka?
Utyando lwe-Esophagectomy lutyando olukhulu, kwaye kuthatha ixesha ukuba uphile. Ngoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba ulungiselele kakuhle ngaphambi kotyando.
- Uvavanyo olwahlukeneyo: Ukuze ucebe utyando, ugqirha wakho uya kuyalela iimvavanyo ezifana ne-CT scan yesifuba sakho nesisu, i-Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS), okanye i-PET scan.
- Ukufumana unyango lokuqala: Ukuba unomhlaza, kunokufuneka wenze i-chemotherapy kunye/okanye unyango lwe-radiation ngaphambi kotyando. Abanye abantu bafumana iziphumo ezingcono ngokufumana olu nyango kwangethuba.
- Ukulungiselela umzimba wakho utyando: Ukuba uneengxaki ezifana nesifo seswekile okanye uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, kufuneka uzilawule ngaphambi kotyando. Ukuba uyatshaya, ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka uyeke. Ukutshaya kuyayibambezela kakhulu inkqubo yokuphiliswa.
- Ukulungiselela ixesha lokuchacha: Ekubeni indlela otya ngayo iya kutshintsha emva kotyando, ungacela ingcebiso kwingcali yezondlo . Ungafunda nakwingcali yezifo zolwimi lokuthetha (SLP) malunga nokuzilolonga ukuqinisa izihlunu zakho zokuphefumla ukuthintela iingxaki zemiphunga emva kotyando.
- Ukulungiselela ukulaliswa esibhedlele:Ekubeni uza kuba sesibhedlele iveki enye okanye ezimbini, lungisa impahla oyifunayo, amayeza, nezinto ezifana nencwadi nomqamelo eziza kukuthuthuzela.
- Emva kokuba ufikile ekhaya: Lungiselela ukuba umntu abuye ekhaya evela esibhedlele. Kubalulekile nokuba nomntu oza kukunceda ekhaya. Lungiselela ikhaya lakho ukuze ukwazi ukufumana izinto ozifunayo ngokulula.
Kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha lotyando?
Ngaphambi kotyando, uza kunikwa i-anesthesia ukuze ungeva ntlungu. Oku kuthetha ukuba uza kube ulele ngokupheleleyo. Emva kotyando, ungafakwa ne-epidural tube emqolo wakho ukulawula intlungu.
Ugqirha wenza izigcawu ngokwenkqubo aze asuse inxalenye enesifo yomqala. Ngamanye amaxesha inxalenye encinci yesisu inokususwa. Emva koko, isisu okanye amathumbu amancinci aziswa kwindawo yesifuba aze adityaniswe nenxalenye eseleyo yomqala.
Emva kotyando, ityhubhu yokondla iya kufakwa esiswini sakho okanye emathunjini amancinci ukuze inike ukutya okunempilo de ukwazi ukuginya. Ityhubhu ye-nasogastric iya kufakwa ngempumlo yakho ukunceda ukususa umoya ogqithisileyo esiswini sakho kwaye ikuncede uphile. Iimpompo zesifuba nazo zingafakwa ukuze kukhutshwe ulwelo esifubeni sakho. Konke oku kwenzelwa ukukunceda uphile ngokukhawuleza. Utyando ludla ngokuthatha iiyure ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-6.
Kuza kwenzeka ntoni emva kotyando?
Emva kotyando, uza kugcinwa kwigumbi lokhathalelo olunzulu (ICU) usuku olunye okanye ezimbini. Uza kuqaliswa ngetyhubhu yokondla. Uza kunikwa amayeza okulawula iintlungu. Kusenokufuneka uhlale esibhedlele kangangeeveki ezimbini.
Ngethuba ndisesibhedlele,
- Uza kuxelelwa ukuba unxibe iisokisi ezixinzelelweyo kwaye uhambe ukuze uthintele ukuqhekeka kwegazi .
- Kufuneka wenze umthambo wokuphefumla ukuze imiphunga yakho ihlale icocekile.
- Uza kufundiswa indlela yokugcina ityhubhu yokondla kunye nenxeba licocekile.
Zithini iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kunye neengozi?
Naluphi na utyando lunokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga, kwaye kubalulekile ukuqaphela iingozi.
| Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eziqhelekileyo | Iingozi ekufuneka uzazi |
|---|---|
| Ukudinwa | Iingxaki zemiphunga, ingakumbi i-pneumonia |
| Umnqweno wokutya | Ukuvuza kwe-anastomotic |
| Intlungu xa uginya | Ukuphazamiseka kwentliziyo (`i-Atrial fibrillation`) |
| Ukungakhululeki okufana negesi kunye nokudumba | Ubunzima bokuthetha okanye ukuginya (i-Dysphagia) |
| Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza | Ukopha igazi elivela enxebeni, usulelo, amahlwili egazi |
Uninzi lwezi mpawu ziya kuphela njengoko ululama, kodwa ukuba uneengxaki, qhagamshelana nogqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
Ndifanele ndimtsalele umnxeba ugqirha okanye ndiye nini esibhedlele?
Kusenokuvela iingxaki ezithile ngexesha lokuchacha. Ukuba unezinye zezi mpawu zilandelayo, yazisa ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
- Ukuba intlungu okanye umkhuhlane uyanda
- Ukuba indawo ejikeleze inxeba ibomvu kwaye ivakala ishushu
- Ukuba umzimba uba buthathaka
- Ukuba unengxaki yokuphefumla okanye isifuba sakho siyabetha
- Ukuba isisu sikhululekile okanye isitulo simnyama
- Ukuba unesihlungu somqala
- Ukuba ukhwehlela rhoqo
- Ukuba amhlophe emehlweni okanye kulusu ajika abe tyheli (i-Jaundice)
- Ukuba unengxaki yokuginya okanye uqhubeka nokunciphisa umzimba
Nika ingqalelo ngokukhawuleza! Ukuba oku kulandelayo kuyenzeka, yiya kwiSebe leeNgxamiseko elikufutshane (i-ETU) ngoko nangoko okanye utsalele umnxeba ku-1990.
* Ukuba awukwazi ukuginya okanye ukuphefumla.
* Ukuba uhlanza igazi.
* Ukuba ufumana iintlungu eziqatha, ingakumbi iintlungu zesifuba.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Utyando lwe-Esophagectomy lutyando olubalulekileyo nolusindisa ubomi olwenziwa kwiimeko ezithile zonyango.
- Iziphumo ezilungileyo zinokufunyanwa ngokuyeka ukutshaya nokulawula izifo ezifana nesifo seswekile ngaphambi kotyando.
- Ixesha lokuchacha linokuba lide, ngoko ke yiba nomonde kwaye ulandele imiyalelo kagqirha.
- Emva kotyando, indlela ophila ngayo, ingakumbi indlela otya ngayo, iya kutshintsha. Ziqhelise ukutya ukutya okuncinci amaxesha amaninzi ngemini.
- Qaphela iimpawu ezilumkisayo. Ukuba uneengxaki, musa ukulibazisa ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha.
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