Ngaba umthambo wegazi entanyeni yakho uvakala ngathi uyadumba? Masifunde ngeCarotid Artery Aneurysm!

Ngaba wakha wazibuza ukuba imithambo yegazi entanyeni yethu inokuba neengxaki ezahlukeneyo? Ngamanye amaxesha le mithambo inokuba buthathaka kwaye idumbe njengebhaluni. Nangona oku kunokubonakala kuyoyikisa kancinci, ukuba siyazi oku, singenza into elungileyo ngaphandle kokukhathazeka ngokungeyomfuneko. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngemeko enjalo, oko kukuthi , i-Carotid Artery Aneurysm .

Yintoni i-Carotid Artery Aneurysm? Kwenzeka ntoni kanye kanye?

Ngamafutshane, i-carotid artery aneurysm yimeko apho inxalenye yemithambo ye-carotid, ekwicala ngalinye lentamo yethu, iba buthathaka kwaye iqhume. Le mithambo ye-carotid yimithambo yegazi ebaluleke kakhulu kuba inika uninzi lwegazi kwingqondo yethu, entlokweni, ebusweni nasentanyeni.

Umthambo oyintloko we-carotid, oqala phezulu esifubeni sethu, uhamba uye entanyeni kwaye uhlala wahlulwe ube ngamasebe amabini embindini wentamo. Omnye ngumthambo we-carotid wangaphakathi kwaye omnye ngumthambo we-carotid wangaphandle . Nangona ezi aneurysms zinokwenzeka nakweyiphi na kwezi mithambo ye-carotid, zihlala zibonakala kumthambo we-carotid wangaphakathi.

Cinga ngayo njengokuvuthela umoya ungene ebhaluni. Njengoko umoya usanda, udonga lwebhaluni luya luncipha kwaye lukhulu, akunjalo? Kunjalo ke ngale. Xa inxalenye yodonga lwemithambo yegazi iba buthathaka, loo nxalenye iqala ukudumba phantsi koxinzelelo lwegazi. Njengoko olu dumba lukhula, udonga lwemithambo yegazi luya luncipha. Emva koko umngcipheko wokudumba kwalo uyakhula. Yiyo loo nto kuthiwa xa i-aneurysm ikhula, kokukhona inokuba yingozi ngakumbi.

Ingaba le meko inokuba nzulu kangakanani?

I-carotid artery aneurysm yinto eyenzeka kwimithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi ngqo engqondweni yethu, ngoko ke ayisiyonto yokuyithatha lula. Nangona kunjalo, ayizizo zonke ii-aneurysms ezinobungozi obufanayo.

Ezinye ii-aneurysms zincinci kakhulu kwaye zinokuhlala endaweni yazo iminyaka ngaphandle kokubangela naziphi na iingxaki. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha ii-blood clots zinokwenzeka kule ndawo idumbileyo. Ukuba ezi blood clots ziyaqhekeka zize zivale umthambo wegazi engqondweni, zinokubangela uhlaselo lwe-ischemic oludlulayo (TIA), i-mini stroke, okanye i-permanent stroke .

Ukuba i-aneurysm enkulu iqhuma ngequbuliso (iqhuma) , ukopha kuqala ukungena engqondweni. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-hemorrhagic stroke . Le yimeko engxamisekileyo esongela ubomi.

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwe-aneurysm yokwenyani kunye ne-aneurysm yobuxoki?

Oogqirha bahlula ezi aneurysms zibe ziintlobo ezimbini, kuxhomekeke kwindlela ezikhula ngayo ezi qhubu.

• I-Aneurysm yokwenyani:Kulapho zonke iileya ezintathu zodonga lwemithambo yegazi (ezibizwa ngokuba yi-"Intima, Media, Adventitia") ziba buthathaka kwaye zidubule ngaphandle. Eyona nto ibangela oku kukufumba kwamafutha kwimithambo yegazi, imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-"Atherosclerosis".
• I-Aneurysm yobuxoki okanye i-pseudoaneurysm: Oku kukudumba okukwindawo enye okanye ezimbini zodonga lwe-artery. Kubonakala ngathi ingxowa encinci idumbile iphume kwi-artery. Oku kudla ngokubangelwa kukonakala kwe-artery kwingozi, usulelo, okanye iingxaki ezivela kunyango .

Nokuba le yi-aneurysm yokwenyani okanye yi-false aneurysm, zombini zinokubangela iingxaki kwaye zisenokufuna unyango.

Ngubani ochaphazeleka kakhulu yile meko? Ixhaphake kangakanani?

Ii-aneurysms zemithambo ye-carotid zenzeka kakhulu kubantu abadala, ingakumbi abo baneminyaka ephakathi kwama-50 nama-60 ubudala. Nangona kunjalo, azinakwenzeka rhoqo ebantwaneni.

Esi asiyongxaki ixhaphakileyo. Enyanisweni, ngaphantsi kwe-aneurysms enye kwi-100 emzimbeni zixelwa njenge-carotid artery aneurysms.

Zithini iimpawu? Uzibona njani?

Abanye abantu bane-aneurysm yemithambo ye-carotid kodwa abanazo naziphi na iimpawu. Bafunyanwa ngengozi kuphela xa beskenwa ngesinye isizathu.

Uninzi lwabantu ababonakalisa iimpawu bane -transient ischemic attack (TIA) okanye i-stroke. I-TIA ifana "ne-mini-stroke." Isenokuba luphawu lwesilumkiso sokuba i -stroke enkulu iza kuza kwiintsuku okanye kwiiveki ezimbalwa ezizayo. Zombini i-TIA kunye ne-stroke zibangelwa kukuphazamiseka kokuhamba kwegazi ukuya engqondweni.

Ezi ziimeko ezingxamisekileyo zonyango! Ukuba unenye yezi mpawu, kufuneka uye esibhedlele ngoko nangoko:

* Ukubona okufipheleyo okanye ukubona okunciphileyo kwelinye okanye omabini amehlo.

* Ubunzima bokuhamba, ukungathintitha.

* Ukudinwa, ukulahlekelwa yibhalansi.

* Ukuba ndindisholo okanye ubuthathaka ebusweni, engalweni, okanye emlenzeni, ingakumbi kwelinye icala lomzimba.

* Intloko ebuhlungu ngequbuliso.

* Ubunzima bokuthetha, ubunzima bokuqonda oko kuthethwa ngabanye. Ukungacaci okanye ukudideka.

Usenokungakwazi ukubiza uncedo wedwa xa unezi mpawu zinzima. Yiyo loo nto kubalulekile ukufundisa usapho lwakho kunye nabahlobo bakho ngeempawu ze-TIA kunye neStroke. Ukuba uhlala wedwa, kukwangumbono olungileyo ukuqwalasela iNkqubo yeZaziso zezeMpilo (i-MAS) onokuyicinezela ukuze ucele uncedo.

Ukongeza kwezi mpawu ze-TIA kunye ne-stroke, ukuba i-aneurysm ikhula ngokwaneleyo ukuba icinezele eminye imithambo-luvo okanye imithambo yegazi entanyeni okanye entloko,Nazi ezinye iimpawu ezinokwenzeka:

• Intloko ebuhlungu.
• Ukurhawuzelela kwelizwi.
• Intlungu yentamo.
• Ukudumba kobuso.
• Kuvakala ngathi liqhina entanyeni yam, ngathi liyatsalwa.
• Ubunzima bokuginya.
• Iingxaki zokubona.

Ukuba uneempawu ezinje, kungcono ukubona ugqirha.

Kutheni oku kusenzeka? Zithini izizathu?

Kunokubakho izizathu ezininzi ze-carotid artery aneurysm.

• I-atherosclerosis (ukugcinwa kwamafutha kwimithambo yegazi): Le yeyona nto iphambili neyona ixhaphakileyo.
• Iimeko ezenza buthathaka iindonga zemithambo yegazi: Imizekelo ibandakanya i-Fibromuscular Dysplasia kunye nezinye izifo ze-Connective Tissue.
• Iingxaki zonyango lwezonyango: Ngamanye amaxesha inokubangelwa zizinto ezifana ne-`(Carotid Endarterectomy)` (utyando kwi-carotid artery), `(Central Line Placement)` (ukufakwa kwetyhubhu kumthambo omkhulu entanyeni), okanye `(Radiation Therapy)` (unyango lwe-radiation) yomhlaza.
• Ukulimala okukhulu kumthambo: Umzekelo, kunokubangelwa yingozi enkulu, njengokudutyulwa okanye ukuhlatywa.

Zithini izinto ezibangela umngcipheko? (Izinto ezibangela umngcipheko)

Kukho izinto ezininzi ezinokwenza buthathaka udonga lwemithambo yegazi, nto leyo eyonyusa umngcipheko wokuba ne-aneurysm:

• Ukuba kukho umntu kusapho oye waba ne-aneurysm (ikhonkco elizuzwa njengelifa).
• Ukuba une- high blood pressure (i-Hypertension) .
• Ukuba utshaya okanye usebenzisa ezinye iimveliso zecuba.

Oogqirha bayixilonga njani le nto?

Oogqirha baxilonga i-aneurysm yemithambo ye-carotid ngokwenza iimvavanyo ezahlukeneyo, ezinje:

• Uvavanyo lomzimba: Ngeli xesha, ugqirha uza kubeka i-stethoscope entanyeni yakho aze amamele isandi segazi elihamba ngayo. Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba kukho i-aneurysm, isandi esahlukileyo esithi "swoosh" (carotid bruit) sinokuvakala.
• Imbali yezonyango yosapho: Ugqirha uza kubuza ngeemeko zempilo kusapho lwakho, kuba ukuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho oye waba ne-aneurysm, nawe usenokuba sengozini.
• Imbali yakho yezonyango: Ugqirha wakho uza kukubuza ngazo naziphi na iimeko zempilo onazo kunye namayeza owasebenzisayo. Oku kunokunceda ekufumaneni unobangela we-aneurysm.
• Uvavanyo Lokufota: Olu luvavanyo olubonisa kanye okwenzekayo ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi ye-carotid kunye nokuba indawo ejikelezileyo ijongeka njani. Olu luvavanyo oluya kuqinisekisa ukuba kukho i-aneurysm kwaye lugqibe ukuba loluphi unyango olungcono.

Ngamanye amaxesha oogqirha benza olu vavanyo kuba becinga ukuba kukho i-aneurysm ngokusekelwe kwiimpawu. Ngamanye amaxesha, zifunyanwa ngengozi xa besenza uvavanyo lwenye imeko (`(Incidental Diagnosis)`).

Uvavanyo oluphambili lokuxilongwa:

• I-CT Scan (i-Computed Tomography - i-CT Scan)
• Iskeni se-MRA (i-Magnetic Resonance Angiography - i-MRA)
• Iskena se-Ultrasound

Ukongeza koku, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ezinye iimvavanyo kuwe:

• Iskeni yobuchopho ukujonga ukuhamba kwegazi engqondweni kunye nokujonga ukuba kukho naziphi na ezinye ii-aneurysms.
• Uvavanyo lwemfuza ukujonga iimeko zofuzo.
• Ezinye iiskeni zokujonga ukuba akukho aneurysms kweminye imithambo yegazi emikhulu emzimbeni (umz., i-aorta).

Luluphi unyango lwale nto?

Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango lwe-carotid artery aneurysms. Iinjongo eziphambili zonyango kukunciphisa iimpawu nokunciphisa umngcipheko weengxaki ezinkulu, ezinje ngokuqhekeka kwe-aneurysm okanye ukukhubazeka.

Ugqirha uza kuqwalasela izinto ezininzi ukuze agqibe ekubeni ufuna utyando okanye olunye unyango:

• Ubungakanani be-aneurysm.
• Indlela ekhula ngokukhawuleza ngayo i-aneurysm .
• Nokuba uneempawu okanye awunazo .

Iindlela eziphambili zonyango zezi:

• Ukubeka esweni
• Utyando Oluvulekileyo
• Ukufakelwa kweStent ye-Endovascular

Ukubeka esweni / Ukulinda ngononophelo

Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba "kukulinda ngononophelo." Oku kuthetha ukuba ugqirha wakho uyaqhubeka ejonga i-aneurysm yakho. Uya kuphononongwa uvavanyo olufana ne-ultrasound, i-CT scan, okanye i-MRI scan rhoqo kwiinyanga ezi-6 ukuya kwezili-12 ukuze kubonwe ukuba i-aneurysm iyatshintsha na. Oku kudla ngokusetyenziswa kwi-aneurysms ezincinci, ezingenazimpawu .

Ukuba une-high blood pressure, ugqirha wakho angakunika amayeza oxinzelelo lwegazi . Oku kunokunceda ekunciphiseni uxinzelelo kwi-aneurysm. Bangakunika namayeza okunciphisa i-cholesterol .

Utyando Oluvulekileyo

Le yindlela yonyango yendabuko. Kule ndlela, ugqirha ususa inxalenye eyonakeleyo nedumbileyo yomthambo we-carotid aze adale indlela entsha yokuba igazi lihambe endaweni yawo. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-bypass grafting .

Ukuze enze lo mthambo wegazi mtsha (i-graft), ugqirha angasebenzisa iqhekeza lomthambo wegazi elithathwe kwenye inxalenye yomzimba wakho, okanye angasebenzisa umthambo owenziwe ngezinto zokwenziwa ezifana ne-GORE-TEX® .

Ukufakelwa kweStent ye-Endovascular

Le yinkqubo engenabungozi kangako kuneyotyando oluvulekileyo. Ubungakanani be-aneurysm kunye nendawo ekuyo kwi-carotid artery kuya kugqiba ukuba ungumntu ofanelekileyo na kule nkqubo.

I-Endovascular ithetha ukuba utyando lwenziwa ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi yakho, kusetyenziswa iityhubhu ezinde nezincinci (ii-catheters).Ugqirha wenza umngxuma omncinci kumthambo osesiswini sakho, afake le tube ngayo, aze athumele i-stent graft (ityhubhu encinci ebonakala ngathi yi-mesh) kwi-aneurysm phantsi kwesikhokelo se-X-ray. Emva koko i-stent graft iyafuthwa ngaphakathi kumthambo, igqume i-aneurysm. Igazi emva koko lihamba nge-stent graft entsha.

Loluphi unyango olundilungeleyo?

Ugqirha wakho uya kugqiba ukuba loluphi unyango olukulungeleyo. Uza kuyithathela ingqalelo imeko yakho neemfuno zakho. Ngaphambi kokuba naluphi na unyango, ugqirha wakho uya kuchaza ngokucacileyo iingenelo, iingxaki, kunye nemiphumo emibi. Uza kuchaza nendlela yokulungiselela unyango kunye nexesha lokuchacha emva konyango.

Singenza ntoni ukunciphisa lo mngcipheko?

Ezinye izinto ezibangela umngcipheko (umz., imbali yosapho) zingaphaya kwamandla ethu. Nangona kunjalo, kukho izinto esinokuzenza ukugcina imithambo yethu isempilweni nokunciphisa umngcipheko wokuba ne-aneurysm:

• Kuphephe ukutshaya, ukutshaya i-vape, okanye ukusebenzisa ezinye iimveliso zecuba ngokupheleleyo. Cela uncedo kugqirha wakho ukuba akuncede uyeke.
• Yitya ukutya okunempilo kwentliziyo, okunamafutha agcweleyo aphantsi, ityuwa, kunye neswekile.
• Zilolonge rhoqo njengoko ugqirha wakho eyalele.
• Nciphisa ukusetyenziswa kotywala.
• Lawula izinto ezinobungozi ezifana noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu.
• Sela amayeza achazwe ngugqirha kanye ngexesha elifanelekileyo.
• Fumana uhlolo lwezonyango lonyaka kwaye ungaphoswa ziintlanganiso zikagqirha wakho.

Ufanele ucinge ntoni xa ufumanisa ukuba une-aneurysm?

Ikamva lomntu one-aneurysm yemithambo ye-carotid linokwahluka. Abanye abantu bane-aneurysm encinci ebonwa ngoogqirha iminyaka emininzi. Kwabanye, i-aneurysm ikhula ngokukhawuleza kwaye ifuna unyango. Nangona utyando kunye nonyango lwe-endovascular lunokunyanga ii-aneurysms, nazo zineengozi. Thetha ngokukhululekileyo nogqirha wakho malunga nemeko yakho kunye nento onokuyilindela kwixesha elizayo.

Ndingazinyamekela njani? (Ukuzinyamekela)

Landela icebiso likagqirha wakho malunga notshintsho kwindlela ophila ngayo ukuze uncede ekulawuleni imeko yakho. Kwakhona, buza ngemisebenzi engalunganga kuwe. Kusenokufuneka uziphephe imisebenzi ethile enzima kakhulu emzimbeni wakho .

Zeziphi izihlandlo ezikhethekileyo ekufuneka uye kugqirha ngazo?

Ugqirha wakho uza kukuxelela ukuba kufuneka uye kangaphi kugqirha kwaye nokuba kufuneka wenze naluphi na uvavanyo. Qiniseka ukuba uya kuzo zonke ezo zihlandlo.

Fowunela ugqirha wakho kwezi meko zilandelayo:

• Ukuba kuvela uphawu olutsha okanye iimpawu ezikhoyo ziyatshintsha.
• Ukuba unesiphumo esibi esivela kumayeza owasebenzisayo.
• Malunga ne-aneurysm yakho kunye nesicwangciso sakho sonyangoUkuba unemibuzo okanye amathandabuzo.

Ixesha lokuya kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (i-ETU) :

Ukuba uneempawu ze-"Heart Attack", "Stroke", okanye "TIA", fowunela u-911 okanye inombolo yakho yongxamiseko yasekuhlaleni ngoko nangoko.

Yeyiphi imibuzo ebalulekileyo ekufuneka uyibuze ugqirha?

Xa ufumanisa ukuba une-aneurysm yemithambo ye-carotid, usenokuba nemibuzo emininzi. Kodwa usenokungazi ukuba uqale phi. Nazi ezinye zemibuzo onokuzibuza ukuqala incoko:

• Iphi i-aneurysm? Entanyeni okanye ngaphakathi kwikhakayi?
• Ingakanani i-aneurysm?
• Ngaba ndiza kufuna unyango? Ukuba kunjalo, nini?
• Ziziphi iindlela zonyango endinazo?
• Ziziphi iingenelo kunye neengxaki zokhetho ngalunye lonyango?
• Yintoni endimele ndiyilindele ngexesha lokuchacha emva konyango?
• Zeziphi iinguqu zendlela yokuphila ekufuneka ndizenze?
• Ngaba kukho imisebenzi endingafanele ndiyenze?
• Ngaba kuza kufuneka ndenze uvavanyo olongezelelekileyo? Ukuba kunjalo, kuza kudlula ixesha elingakanani?

Umahluko phakathi kwe-aneurysm entanyeni (engaphandle kwentloko) kunye ne-aneurysm engaphakathi kwentloko (engaphakathi kwentloko)

Omabini la magama abhekisa kwi-aneurysm eyenzeka kwi-carotid artery. Nangona kunjalo, oku kubhekisa kumahluko kwindawo ye-aneurysm.

• I-Extracranial ithetha ukuba i-aneurysm ingaphandle kwekhakayi, oko kuthetha ukuba ikwindawo yentamo .
• I-Intracranial ithetha ukuba i-aneurysm ingaphakathi kwentloko .

Umthambo wethu wangaphakathi we-carotid wahlulwe ngokwala macandelo kuba uhamba uye phezulu entanyeni uye kungena ekhayeni. Ngamafutshane, inxalenye yomthambo osentanyeni (icandelo lomlomo wesibeleko okanye i-C1) ibizwa ngokuba liqela elingaphandle kwentloko. Amacandelo asemva kokuba umthambo ungene ekhayeni (i-petrous, i-lacerum, i-cavernous, i-clinoid, i-ophthalmic, ii-communication segments - C2 ukuya kwi-C7) abizwa ngokuba liqela elingaphakathi kwentloko. Akufuneki ukhumbule la magama, kodwa ukuba ugqirha wakho uthi into efana nale, "Une-aneurysm kumthambo wakho wangaphakathi we-carotid wasekhohlo, icandelo lomlomo wesibeleko," oko akutshoyo kukuba kukho i-aneurysm kwinxalenye yomthambo osentanyeni yakho kwicala lasekhohlo, ngaphandle kwentloko.

Musa ukoyika ukubuza ugqirha wakho malunga namagama ezonyango ongawaqondiyo. Ngale ndlela, unokuqonda ngcono okwenzekayo emzimbeni wakho kunye nendawo okwenzeka kuyo.

Okokugqibela, izinto ezimbalwa ekufuneka uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kuqhelekile ukuba uzive usoyika xa ufumanisa ukuba une-aneurysm. Imibuzo efana nokuthi "Kutheni oku kwenzeke kum?" kunye nokuthi "Ngaba ubomi bam bemihla ngemihla buza kutshintsha?" isenokufika engqondweni yakho. Usenokuba noloyiko lweengxaki.

Kodwa, eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukungaxhalabi.Ngenxa yeteknoloji yanamhlanje yokujonga imifanekiso kunye nonyango, abantu abaninzi banokuphila ubomi obuqhelekileyo. Abanye banokukwazi ukujonga i-aneurysm yabo, ngelixa abanye banokufuna unyango.

Ukuba ufunyaniswe une-aneurysm yemithambo ye-carotid, thetha nogqirha wakho malunga namanyathelo alandelayo kunye nonyango. Ukuba i-aneurysm incinci, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukuba uhlolwe. Qiniseka ukuba ugcina amadinga kunye neeskeni zikagqirha wakho yonke imihla. Ukuba unemibuzo okanye iinkxalabo, thetha nogqirha wakho. Ungamelana nale meko ngokulandela iingcebiso zonyango ezifanelekileyo kunye nesimo sengqondo esihle.

I- Aneurysm yeCarotid Artery, i-Aneurysm yeCarotid Artery, imithambo yegazi yentamo, ukuhamba kwegazi ukuya ebuchosheni, i-TIA, i-Mini Stroke, i-Stroke, i-Paralysis, iimpawu ze-Aneurysm, unyango lwe-Aneurysm