Nabani na umfazi uyothuka xa ugqirha emxelela ukuba kuya kufuneka asuswe ibele, oko kuthetha ukuba kuya kufuneka asuswe ibele ngokupheleleyo ngenxa yomhlaza webele. Ngumbandela onzima kakhulu. Nangona eyona nto iphambili kukunyanga umhlaza, abantu abaninzi baziva bexhalabile kakhulu malunga notshintsho kwindlela ababonakala ngayo emzimbeni emva kotyando. Nangona kunjalo, ngokuhambela phambili kwesayensi yezonyango, ngoku kukho iindlela ezintsha ezinokunciphisa uloyiko lokubonakala emva kotyando. Enye indlela ekhethekileyo yotyando ibizwa ngokuba yi-'Skin-Sparing Mastectomy'. Makhe sithethe ngale nto namhlanje.
Okokuqala, yintoni iMastectomy?
Ngamafutshane, i-mastectomy kukususwa kwebele lonke ngotyando njengonyango lomhlaza webele. Kukho iintlobo ezininzi eziphambili ze-mastectomy. Ugqirha wakho uya kukhetha indlela efanelekileyo kuwe.
| Uhlobo lotyando lwesisu | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Utyando lweMastectomy olupheleleyo (olulula) | Izicubu zesifuba kunye nemisipha yesifuba ziyasuswa. |
| Utyando lweMastectomy oluGuquliweyo | Isifuba, udonga lwesifuba, kunye nee-lymph nodes ezikwindawo engaphantsi kwekhwapha ziyasuswa. |
| Utyando lweMastectomy olusindisa ulusu | Le ndlela sithetha ngayo namhlanje ibandakanya ukugcina ulusu lwebele oluninzi kangangoko kunokwenzeka. |
| Ukususwa Kweengono Ezigcina Isisu | Le yindlela yokunciphisa ulusu. Ishiya nengono kunye nendawo enemibala eyijikelezileyo (i-areola) ingaphazanyiswa. |
Eyona nzuzo inkulu ye-Skin-Sparing Mastectomy kukuba xa ibele liphinda lakhiwe kwakhona kamva, akukho mfuneko yokususa ulusu kwenye indawo yomzimba. Umzekelo, ulusu oluthathwe esiswini okanye emqolo lunokwahluka ngombala, ubukhulu, kunye nobume kunesikhumba sebele. Nangona kunjalo, ekubeni le ndlela ishiya ulusu lwebele lungaphazanyiswa, kunokwenzeka ukuba lubonakale luhle kakhulu emva kokwakhiwa kwakhona.
Kukweziphi iimeko apho kufuneka i-mastectomy?
Kukho iimeko ezikhethekileyo apho oogqirha bacebisa ukususa lonke ibele endaweni yokususa nje iqhuma (i-lumpectomy).
- Ukuba iidipozithi ze-calcium ezinomhlaza (ii-microcalcifications) zisasazeke kulo lonke ibele.
- Ukuba kukho amaqhuma anomhlaza kwiindawo ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu ezahlukeneyo ebeleni.
- Ukuba unesifo somhlaza ngexesha lokukhulelwa kwaye ukhathazekile ukuba unyango lwemitha lunokuchaphazela usana olungekazalwa.
- Ukuba ukhe wafumana unyango lwe-radiation kwindawo yebele kwaye umhlaza uphinde wavela kwibele elinye.
- Ukuba unesifo esinxulumene nezicubu ezifana ne-lupus okanye i-scleroderma kwaye uvakalelwa kukuba iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zonyango lwemitha aziyi kunyamezeleka.
- Ukuba iqhuma elinomhlaza likhulu kakhulu, ukususa iqhuma kuphela (i-lumpectomy) kusenokungashiyi izicubu eziphilileyo ngokwaneleyo ukuze kubonakale intle.
- Ukuba une-gene change eyandisa umngcipheko wakho wokuba nomhlaza webele.
- Nokuba kususwe iqhuma kuphela (i-lumpectomy), kubikwa ukuba kusekho iiseli zomhlaza ezisele emaphethelweni otyando.
Ngaba kukho umntu onokwenza olu tyando lokunciphisa ulusu?
Nangona abantu abaninzi benokwenza i-skin-sparing mastectomy, ayifanelekanga kuye wonke umntu. Le ndlela ayikhuthazwa ukuba awulungiswanga ngoko nangoko emva kotyando. Ngaphandle koko, ulusu oluseleyo lunokuncipha luze lujiye.
Kwakhona, le ndlela ayifanelekanga ukuba iiseli zakho zomhlaza zisondele kakhulu eluswini okanye ukuba umhlaza usasazeke eluswini . Umzekelo, olu tyando alufanelekanga kumntu onohlobo lomhlaza webele olubizwa ngokuba yi-'inflammatory breast cancer'. Ugqirha wakho kunye nogqirha we-oncologist ngabona bantu balungileyo ukwenza esi sigqibo.
Ngaba kukho umngcipheko wokuba umhlaza uphinde ubuye ngale ndlela?
Ngenxa yokuba le nkqubo isindisa ulusu oluninzi kune-mastectomy eqhelekileyo, usenokuba uzibuza, "Wow, ngaba oko kuya kwandisa umngcipheko wokubuya komhlaza?" Loo nto iluloyiko olufanelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, izifundo ezininzi zibonise ukuba i-mastectomy esindisa ulusu ayinyusi umngcipheko wokubuya komhlaza.
Enyanisweni, olunye uphando lubonise ukuba le ndlela iyanciphisa umngcipheko wokubuya komhlaza. Kuphononongo lwabasetyhini abangama-435 ababene-mastectomies, yi-4.8% kuphela yabo babene-mastectomy yokukhusela ulusu abaye babuyela kwindawo efanayo. Kodwa yi-9.5% yabo babene-method eqhelekileyo abaye babuyela umhlaza.
Ngoko ke, le yindlela ekhuselekileyo kakhulu kumntu ofanelekileyo.
Kwenziwa njani ukwakhiwa kwakhona kwamabele emva kolu tyando?
Kukho iindlela ezininzi eziphambili zokwakha kwakhona ibele emva kokususwa kwebele ngendlela yokukhusela ulusu. Oku kwenziwa ngugqirha ohlinzayo.
| Indlela yokwakha ngokutsha | Yintoni esetyenziswayo | Izinto ekufuneka uzazi |
|---|---|---|
| Ukwakhiwa kwakhona kweflephu yeTRAM | Amafutha, izihlunu, kunye nolusu olungaphantsi kwesisu. | Amabele aziva ethambile ngokwemvelo ngenxa yezicubu zawo. Akufanelekanga kwabo bakhe benza utyando lwesisu ngaphambili okanye abo bangenazo izicwili ezininzi zesisu. |
| Ukwakhiwa kwakhona kweflephu ye-DIEP | Ulusu kunye nezicubu ezinamafutha kwisisu esisezantsi. | Oku akubandakanyi ukusebenzisa izihlunu. Lutyando olunzima noluthatha ixesha elide kune-TRAM flap. |
| Ukwakhiwa kwakhona kwe-flap ye-Latissimus muscle | Umsipha we-latissimus emqolo kunye ne-implant. | Ekubeni ubungakanani bezicubu ezikwimisipha yangasemva bulinganiselwe, i-graft isetyenziselwa ukunika ibele ubungakanani obufunekayo. Nokuba inxeba lesifuba lincinci, inxeba elide lishiywa emqolo. |
Yintoni onokuyilindela emva kotyando?
Ixesha lokuchacha emva kokususwa kwesikhumba lifana nelokususwa kwesisu rhoqo. Nantsi into onokuyilindela:
- Kuya kufuneka uhlale esibhedlele iintsuku ezimbalwa emva kotyando. Ukuba ukwakhiwa kwakhona kwamabele kwenziwe ngaxeshanye, ukuhlala esibhedlele kungathatha ixesha elide kancinci.
- Usenokuba nee-drain zotyando ezibekwe ekhwapheni lakho okanye emabeleni ukuze kukhutshwe ulwelo emva kotyando. Ezi drain ziya kufuneka zikhutshwe izihlandlo ezininzi ngemini. Ziya kuhlala zilapho de kube lutyelelo lwakho lokuqala ekliniki, oluya kuthatha malunga neveki okanye ezimbini.
- Ungahlamba umzimba wakho kuphela (ukuhlamba ngesiponji) de kususwe izithungo kunye neetyhubhu.
- Kuthatha ixesha ukuphiliswa emva kotyando. Ngoko ke fumana ukuphumla okwaneleyo kwiiveki ezimbalwa zokuqala . Fumana uncedo kusapho nakubahlobo ngemisebenzi yasekhaya, ukunyamekela abantwana, kunye nokuphatha ukutya. Akukho ntloni kuloo nto.
- Iqela lakho lezonyango liza kukunika imithambo yokunceda ukuthintela ukuqina kwengalo negxalaba. Yenza loo mithambo ngaphandle kokusilela . Nangona kunjalo, banokukuxelela ukuba ungenzi imithambo de kususwe umbhobho wakho wokuhambisa amanzi.
- Indawo oye watyandwa kuyo kufuneka inyangwe ngaphambi kokuba unxibe ibra. Buza ugqirha wakho ukuba kufuneka ulinde ixesha elingakanani .
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Utyando lwe-Skin-Saving Mastectomy lutyando oluphambili olusebenzisa ulusu lwebele ngokwalo ukuze lubonakale lungokwemvelo emva kotyando lomhlaza webele.
- Le ndlela ayinyusi umngcipheko wokubuya komhlaza. Ezinye izifundo zide zibonise ukuba inokunciphisa umngcipheko.
- Le ndlela ayifanelekanga ukuba umhlaza usasazeke kakhulu eluswini okanye ukuba ukwakhiwa kwakhona kwamabele akwenziwanga ngoko nangoko.
- Thetha ngokukhululekileyo nogqirha wakho malunga nokuba le nkqubo ikulungele na kwaye iza kulungiswa njani. Uza kumamela yonke imibuzo yakho aze aphendule naziphi na iingxaki onokuba nazo.
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