Ngaba wena okanye umntu omaziyo wakha waxelelwa ngugqirha ukuba athathe i-"blood thinner"? Usenokuba woyika kancinci xa usiva elo gama. Usenokuba wacinga, "Owu, igazi lam liya kuncipha?" Kodwa la ngamayeza abaluleke kakhulu anokusindisa ubomi ukuba asetyenziswa ngokuchanekileyo. Namhlanje sithetha ngelinye lala mayeza amatsha, aphucukileyo. Zii-Factor Xa Inhibitors.
Ngamafutshane, zithini ezi Factor Xa Inhibitors?
IiFactor Xa Inhibitors ziluhlobo lwamayeza athintela igazi lakho ukuba lingaqini ngendlela engaqhelekanga. Sizibiza ngokuba "zizinto ezinciphisa igazi" ngokwentetho eqhelekileyo. Kodwa oogqirha bazibiza ngokuba "zii-Direct Oral Anticoagulants" okanye "ii-DOAC". Zingasetyenziswa ixesha elide ukunyanga ihlwili legazi esele lenzekile, kunye nokuthintela amahlwili egazi kwixesha elizayo.
Kukho ezinye iintlobo ezininzi eziphambili zamayeza awela kolu didi. Ugqirha wakho usenokuba ukunike enye yala mayeza.
- I-Apixaban
- I-Betrixaban
- I-Edoxaban
- I-Rivaroxaban
- I-Fondaparinux (Le ayisiyo pilisi. Yinaliti efakwa emthanjeni)
Zeziphi iimeko ezisetyenziswa leli yeza?
Olu hlobo lwamayeza lusetyenziselwa ukunyanga nokuthintela iimeko ezininzi ezibalulekileyo zonyango. Cinga ngomthambo wegazi emzimbeni wethu njengombhobho othwala amanzi. Ukuba ihlwili legazi linamathela ndaweni ithile kulo mbhobho, linokubangela iingxaki ezinkulu. Yiloo nto eli yeza linceda ukuyithintela.
Ungafumana umbono olungileyo ngale nto kwitheyibhile engezantsi.
| Imeko enyangwayo/ethintelwayo | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Ukunciphisa umngcipheko wesifo sohlangothi | Abanye abantu abanentliziyo engahambelaniyo (i-atrial fibrillation) banokuba namahlwili egazi kwimithambo yegazi eya engqondweni baze babangele isifo sohlangothi. Eli yeza linciphisa loo mngcipheko. |
| Ukunyanga iDeep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) | Le yimeko apho amahlwili egazi akheka emithanjeni engaphakathi emzimbeni, ingakumbi emilenzeni. Eli yeza linceda ekunyibilikiseni loo mahlwili. |
| Unyango lwe-Pulmonary Embolism (PE) | Le meko yenzeka xa igazi elijiyileyo emlenzeni liqhekeka lize libhajwe emthanjeni emaphaphu. Oku kuyingozi kakhulu. Eli yeza nalo liluncedo. |
| Ukuthintela i-Venous Thromboembolism (VTE) | Eli ligama elinikwa zombini i-DVT kunye ne-PE kunye. Eli yeza lithintela ezi meko ukuba zingaphindi zivele. |
| Ukunciphisa umngcipheko wesifo sentliziyo nesifo semithambo yegazi | Eli yeza liluncedo nakubantu abanesifo semithambo yegazi emithanjeni yegazi kunye nesifo semithambo yegazi emithanjeni yegazi. |
| Emva kotyando olukhulu | Emva kotyando lokutshintshwa kwesinqe okanye idolo, usengozini enkulu yokuba negazi eliqhekekileyo kuba uhlala ebhedini. Eli yeza linikwa ukuthintela oku. |
Lahluke njani eli yeza kwiWarfarin?
Usenokuba ukhe weva ngeyeza iWarfarin. Kwakhona liyeza elihle kakhulu elithintela ukuqhekeka kwegazi kwaye lisetyenziswe iminyaka emininzi. Kodwa owona mceli mngeni mkhulu kumntu othatha iWarfarin kukufuneka avavanywe igazi rhoqo . Oko kuthetha ukuya esibhedlele kanye ngenyanga, mhlawumbi kabini ngeveki, ukuze anike igazi kwaye enze uvavanyo olulinganisa ixesha elithathayo ukuze igazi liqhekeke. Ngokusekelwe kwezo ziphumo, ugqirha uya kunyusa okanye anciphise umthamo weyeza.
Enye yezona nzuzo zinkulu zeFactor Xa Inhibitors kukuba azifuni kuvavanywa igazi rhoqo, nto leyo enciphisa kakhulu ingxaki yesigulana.
Eli yeza lisebenza njani emzimbeni?
Oku kunomdla kakhulu. Cinga ngokwakheka kwehlwili legazi njengenkqubo yokuhlanganisana kwifektri. Kukho amanyathelo amaninzi abandakanyekayo. Iiproteni ziyadibana ukuze zenze ihlwili legazi.
I-Factor Xa yiproteni ebaluleke kakhulu kuloo "nkqubo yokuhlanganisa." Into eyenziwa leli yeza kukuphazamisana nomsebenzi weproteni ebizwa ngokuba yi-Factor Xa.. Kufana nokuthatha ikhefu emsebenzini okwethutyana. Emva koko yonke inkqubo yokujiya kwegazi ibuyela esiqhelweni. Oko kuthetha ukuba amahlwili egazi angeyomfuneko ayayeka ukwakheka. Uyayazi?
Uza kuthatha ixesha elingakanani eli yeza?
Oku kuxhomekeke kwisizathu sokuba usebenzise amayeza. Kuyahluka kumntu nomntu.
- Ukuba unesifo sentliziyo esingaqhelekanga (i-atrial fibrillation): Kusenokufuneka usebenzise eli yeza ubomi bakho bonke.
- Ukuba unehlwili legazi emthanjeni (VTE): Lidla ngokuthatha phakathi kweenyanga ezi-3 nezi-6.
- Ukuba unehlwili legazi emlenzeni wakho (DVT) okanye emaphaphu (PE): Kuya kuthatha malunga neenyanga ezi-6.
- Ukuba emva kotyando lokutshintshwa kwedolo: Iintsuku ezili-12 kuphela emva kotyando.
- Emva kotyando lokutshintshwa kwesinqe: Kuya kuthatha malunga neentsuku ezingama-35 emva kotyando.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuthatha amayeza akho kanye njengoko ugqirha wakho ekuxelele. Ungaze uyeke ukuwathatha ngaphandle kokubuza ugqirha wakho.
Zithini iingozi kunye nemiphumo emibi yala mayeza?
Njengakweminye imithi, kukho iingozi ezithile. Ngenxa yokuba zithintela ukujiya kwegazi, ingozi ephambili ngala mayeza kukopha okungaphezulu kunesiqhelo .
- Ukopha kakhulu: Kunqabile kakhulu, ukopha kunokwenzeka ngaphakathi kwengqondo okanye kwiindawo ezifana nesisu okanye amathumbu. Oku kunokuba nzima ukulawula. Nangona kunjalo, ngoku kukho amayeza akhethekileyo abizwa ngokuba yi-"reversal agents" (umz. i-andexanet alfa) anokuguqula imiphumo yala mayeza. Oogqirha bayawasebenzisa xa ukopha kusongela ubomi.
- Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezincinci:
- Nokuba ufumana ingozi encinci emzimbeni wakho, unokubona amabala egazi (imivumbo) rhoqo.
- Abanye abantu banokuba nerhashalala elukhumbeni .
Into ebalulekileyo kukuba, le ngozi ayifani nala mayeza kuphela. Nabani na onciphisa igazi unale ngozi. Ngoko ke ungoyiki. Kodwa, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba ulumke.
Ufanele ulumke njani xa usebenzisa amayeza?
Ukuba usebenzisa eli yeza, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuzikhusela kwiingozi nasekwenzakaleni kangangoko unako. Nokuba unesilonda esincinci kunokuba nzima ukuyeka ukopha. Nazi ezinye iingcebiso ezilula zokukunceda.
| Kwenziwe ntoni | Kutheni oko kubalulekile? |
|---|---|
| Lumka kakhulu xa usebenzisa izixhobo ezibukhali (iimela, izikere). | Ukuba uzisika isandla sakho, kunokuba nzima ukuyeka ukopha. Lumka ngeemela xa uhlamba izitya. |
| Ukuba ucheba, sebenzisa i-razor yombane endaweni ye-razor ene-blade. | Umngcipheko wokuzisika ngencakuba ungancitshiswa. |
| Nxiba iiglavu kunye nezihlangu xa usebenza egadini. | Kwanenxeba elivela kwinto efana nekhuba okanye iva linokubangela ukopha kakhulu. |
| Lumka kwiingozi ezinokutyibilika nokuwa (iikhaphethi, iingcingo phantsi) ngaphakathi endlwini. | Ukwenzakala ngenxa yokuwa, ingakumbi ukuba ubetheke entloko, kunokuba yingozi. |
Ndifanele ndibonane nogqirha nini?
Ukuba ufumana naziphi na iimpawu ezilandelayo ngelixa usebenzisa eli yeza, fowunela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko, okanye uye kwigumbi likaxakeka lesibhedlele elikufutshane (ETU).
- Ukopha kakhulu okungenakunqandwa: Ukuba ukopha okuphuma kwinxeba, empumlweni, emlonyeni, okanye kwiintsini akunakunqandwa.
- Ukuwa: Ukuba uwela ndaweni ithile, ingakumbi ukuba ubetheke entloko, usenokuba uphuma igazi ngaphakathi nokuba akukho ngozi ibonakalayo.
- Ukuba kukho igazi kwindle (indle emnyama okanye ebomvu emnyama).
- Ukuba uhlanza igazi (njengekofu egayiweyo okanye ebomvu).
- Intlungu ebuhlungu esifubeni, entloko, okanye esiswini.
- Ubunzima bokuphefumla.
- Urhawuzelelo olukhawulezileyo.
Eli yeza libe luncedo olukhulu kubantu abaninzi kuba akufuneki bavavanywe igazi labo rhoqo njengeWarfarin. Nangona kunjalo, eli yeza alifanelekanga kuye wonke umntu. Thetha nogqirha wakho ukuze ugqibe ukuba leliphi iyeza elikulungeleyo. Nokuba usela liphi iyeza, kubalulekile ukulandela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho ngokuchanekileyo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Factor Xa Inhibitors ludidi olutsha nolusebenzayo lwamayeza athintela ukujiya kwegazi.
- Xa kuthelekiswa namayeza amadala afana neWarfarin, akufuneki ukuba uvavanye igazi rhoqo xa uwasebenzisa. Loo nto iluncedo kakhulu.
- Umngcipheko ophambili wala mayeza kukopha kakhulu, ngoko ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukuzikhusela ekwenzakaleni.
- Ungaze uqale, uyeke, okanye utshintshe umthamo walo naliphi na iyeza ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha wakho.
- Ukuba ufumana ukopha okungaqhelekanga okanye ezinye iimpawu eziyingozi, funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngokukhawuleza.
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