Ngaba wakha weva ugqirha wamehlo esithi, "Masithathe umfanekiso wangaphakathi kweliso lakho"? Usenokuba wothukile kancinci xa usiva loo nto. Umfanekiso wangaphakathi kweliso lakho? Uwuthatha njani? Ubona ntoni kuwo? Imibuzo emininzi kufuneka ukuba ifike engqondweni. Igama lezonyango lalo yiFundus Photography . Olu luvavanyo olungenabuhlungu, olulula kakhulu nolubalulekileyo lokujonga impilo yeliso lakho. Ngoko ke, masithethe ngale nto ngokucacileyo nangokulula namhlanje.
Yintoni kanye kanye iFundus Photography?
Ngamafutshane, iFundus Photography yinkqubo ethatha umfanekiso (ifoto) wodonga olungasemva lweliso lakho, olubizwa ngokuba yi-fundus . Le foto ivumela ugqirha wakho wamehlo ukuba ahlole ngokucacileyo ezinye zezona ndawo zibalulekileyo zeliso lakho ezibalulekileyo ekuboneni kwakho. Njengokuba kuthathwe i-X-ray yangaphakathi lomzimba wethu, oku kusenza sikwazi ukubona ngaphakathi kweliso lethu.
Cinga ngeliso lethu njengekhamera. Ukukhanya okuvela ngaphandle kungena kweliso kuze kubethe isikrini ngasemva. Elo candelo lifana nesikrini yiloo nto olu vavanyo luyijonga kakhulu. Iindawo eziphambili zaloo ndawo zezi:
- I-Retina: Olu lulwelo lweeseli ezibona ukukhanya (`ii-photoreceptors`) ngasemva kweliso. Kufana nefilimu ekwikhamera. Ezi seli zibona ukukhanya zize zithumele olo lwazi njengemiqondiso yombane engqondweni. Ingqondo idibanisa ezo miqondiso ukuze yenze umfanekiso "esiwubonayo."
- I-Macula: Le yeyona ndawo ibuthathaka kakhulu kwi-retina. Iiseli ezibuthathaka ekukhanyeni kweli candelo zisinceda sibone imibala kunye neenkcukacha ezincinci ngokucacileyo. Yile nto ikuncedayo ukuba wenze izinto ezintle ezifana nokufunda incwadi nokuqaphela umntu.
- I-Optic Nerve: Oku kufana nentambo yedatha phakathi kwamehlo ethu nengqondo yethu. Lonke ulwazi oluqokelelwa kwi-retina luthwalwa lusiwe engqondweni ngale nerve. Iimeko ezininzi zamehlo zinokuchaphazela le nerve ye-optic.
- I-Choroid: Le yilaphu elingaphantsi kwe-retina. Iqulethe inethiwekhi yemithambo yegazi enika i-retina igazi, ioksijini, kunye nezondlo.
Ukugcina zonke ezi ndawo zisempilweni kubaluleke kakhulu ekuboneni kwakho. Ukufota kweFundus kunokubona notshintsho oluncinci kwezi ndawo.
Ifoto ye-fundus yenziwa nini?
Olu vavanyo lunokwenziwa njengenxalenye yovavanyo lwamehlo oluqhelekileyo. Oku kuthetha ukuba lwenziwa ukuqinisekisa ukuba akukho ngxaki emehlweni akho. Ukongeza, ukuba uneempawu zamehlo okanye uvakalelwa kukuba umbono wakho utshintshile, olu vavanyo ngokuqinisekileyo lwenziwa ukuze kufunyanwe unobangela.
Ukufota iFundus kubaluleke kakhulu ukujonga ukuba zikhona na ezi zifo zilandelayo okanye ukujonga ukuba ezo zifo ziyalawuleka na.
| Imeko okanye unobangela | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| I-Retinopathy yeSifo seswekile | Jonga ukuba imithambo yegazi esweni yonakele okanye yopha ngenxa yesifo seswekile. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu kubantu abanesifo seswekile. |
| I-Glaucoma | Jonga umonakalo kwi-optic nerve ngenxa yoxinzelelo oluphezulu lwamehlo. |
| Ukonakala kweMacular | Qaphela utshintsho kwi-macula olunokwenzeka ngokuhamba kweminyaka kwaye luchaphazele umbono ocacileyo. |
| Iinyembezi ze-retinal okanye i-detachments | Jonga ukuba i-retina ikrazukile, ihlukanisiwe, okanye yonakele ngandlela ithile. |
| Iimeko zemithambo-luvo ye-optic | Jonga iimeko ezinje ngokudumba komthambo we-optic (i-papilledema) okanye ukoma (i-optic atrophy). |
| Iithumba ngaphakathi kweliso | Jonga ukuba akukho zithumba zinomhlaza (umz., i-retinoblastoma) okanye ezingezizo umhlaza ngaphakathi kweliso. |
| I-Scotomas (amabala amnyama embonweni) | Ukuba ulahlekelwa ziindawo ezithile zokubona kwakho, fumana ukuba yintoni imbangela ngaphakathi kweliso. |
Umatshini owenza olu vavanyo usebenza njani?
Ikhamera ekhethekileyo isetyenziselwa ukwenza ifoto ye-fundus. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-'fundus camera'. Iikliniki zamehlo zihlala zinenye yezi ntlobo zeekhamera ubuncinane. Kukho iintlobo ezimbini zeekhamera.
1. Ikhamera eqhelekileyo ye-fundus: Esi sisixhobo esifana neebhayinokulayi. Sinefreyimu eyahlukileyo yokubeka isilevu sakho kunye nebunzi lakho. Kukho ilensi kwelinye icala ukuze ugqirha ayibone. Ngaphambi kokuba uthathe ifoto ngolu hlobo lwekhamera , kufakwa amaconsi athile avulekayo emehlweni akho ukuze enze i-pupil ivuleke. Oku kukuvumela ukuba ubone ngaphakathi kweliso lakho ngokucacileyo.
2. Iikhamera ezisebenzisa i-laser ebanzi: Ezi ziikhamera ezintsha. Zingathatha ifoto ecacileyo nebanzi yangaphakathi kweliso ngaphandle kokukhulisa umbala weliso. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha umfanekiso uyacaca xa ufaka amaconsi emehlweni. Kule meko, kufuneka ujonge emngxunyeni ojikelezayo.
Yintoni onokuyilindela ngaphambi nangexesha lovavanyo?
Akunyanzelekanga ukuba wenze amalungiselelo akhethekileyo kolu vavanyo.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ugqirha wakho ugqiba ekubeni afake amaconsi emehlweni akho ukuze enze intloko yakho emnyama ibe nkulu, kuya kuthatha imizuzu embalwa (ngesiqhelo i-15-20) ukuba iyeza lisebenze. Ngeli xesha, kuya kufuneka ulinde ixesha elithile.
Ngexesha lovavanyo...
Amava akho anokwahluka kancinci ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwekhamera esetyenziswa ngugqirha wakho.
- Ukuba ivela kwikhamera eqhelekileyo:
Uza kuhlala esitulweni uze ubeke isilevu sakho kunye nebunzi kwifreyimu yekhamera. Oku kuya kukunceda uthathe umfanekiso ocacileyo ngokukhawuleza kuba intloko yakho ayizukuhamba. Xa ujonga kwisixhobo, uza kubona ukukhanya okuncinci. Kuya kufuneka usijonge. Ugqirha okanye ingcali kwelinye icala iza kulungisa ikhamera ize ithathe imifanekiso nganye nganye. Oku kungenziwa ngeliso elinye okanye omabini.
- Ukuba uvela kwikhamera yelaser:
Kule meko, ucelwa ukuba ujonge ngqo kwindawo ejikelezileyo. Njengoko ujonge, ukukhanya okuluhlaza okukhanyayo , okufana nokukhanya kwefotokopi, kudlula embonweni wakho malunga nomzuzwana. Kulapho ke ifoto ithathwa khona. Ngokwesiqhelo, malunga neefoto ezintathu zithathwa ngeliso ngalinye.
Olu vavanyo lukhawuleza kakhulu. Kuthatha imizuzwana embalwa kuphela ukuthatha ifoto enye. Kwaye akukho buhlungu konke konke .
Kwenzeka ntoni emva kovavanyo? Ndiza kuzazi njani iziphumo?
Emva kokuba iifoto zithathwe, uya kuba nethuba lokuthetha nogqirha wakho. Iikhamera ezininzi ngoku zikuvumela ukuba uzibukele ngqo iifoto kwiscreen sekhompyutha yakho.
Ugqirha uza kubeka iifoto kwiscreen sekhompyutha ngoko nangoko aze akubonise zona, echaza ukuba yintoni engaphakathi kweliso.
- Ukuba yonke into iqhelekile , ugqirha uza kukuxelela njalo.
- Ukuba kukho naluphi na utshintsho okanye iimpawu zokugula , baza kuchaza ukuba ziyintoni na kwaye benze ntoni ngazo.
- Ukuba ukhe walwenza olu vavanyo ngaphambili, ungathelekisa neefoto ezintsha nezindala . Oku kuya kukunceda ubone ukuba loluphi utshintsho olwenzekileyo ngaphakathi kweliso ngokuhamba kwexesha.
Ngokuxhomekeke kwiziphumo zeefoto, ugqirha wakho angenza enye okanye ezingaphezulu kwezi zilandelayo:
- Ndicebisa ezinye iimvavanyo.
- Ukucebisa iindlela zonyango.
- Ukubonelela ngomhla wedinga lokulandelelana.
- Ukuthunyelwa kwenye ingcali.
Ngaba kukho naziphi na iingozi okanye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga koku?
I-Fundus Photography luvavanyo olukhuselekileyo kakhulu . Akukho ziphumo zimbi kangako ezivela kolu vavanyo.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuba unezithontsi ezikhulayo ukuze iliso lakho elimnyama likhule, unokufumana ezinye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezincinci. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, ezi zezexeshana .
- Umbono usenokuba mfiliba kancinci.
- Kunokuba nzima ukulungisa amehlo abe nokukhanya okuqaqambileyo (`ukuziva ukukhanya` okanye `ukoyika ifoto`).
Le meko idla ngokuphela ngokupheleleyo kwiiyure ezimbalwa. Ugqirha wakho uza kukuxelela ukuba iziphumo zale mithi ziya kuhlala ixesha elingakanani.
Ndingaqhuba imoto emva kovavanyo?
Le yingxaki enabantu abaninzi. Ukuba iliso lakho elimnyama likhuliswe ngamaconsi emehlweni, kungcono ukukuphepha ukuqhuba iiyure ezimbalwa . Oku kungenxa yokuba umbono wakho awubonakali kakuhle, nto leyo enyusa umngcipheko wengozi. Ke ngoko, kungcono ukuza nomntu okanye usebenzise izithuthi zikawonke-wonke xa uza kolu vavanyo kunokuqhuba wedwa.
Ikliniki idla ngokukunika izigqubuthelo ezinombala ezingasetyenziswayo ezinokunxitywa njengeeglasi zelanga ukunciphisa uvakalelo ekukhanyeni.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Fundus Photography luvavanyo olulula kakhulu nolungenabuhlungu oluthatha umfanekiso wangaphakathi ngasemva kweliso lakho.
- Olu vavanyo lunokufumanisa iimeko ezininzi, ezinje ngesifo seswekile, i-glaucoma, kunye nokuwohloka kwe-macular, mhlawumbi nangaphambi kokuba ube neempawu.
- Olu vavanyo lukhuselekile kakhulu. Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zibangelwa ngamathontsi eliso akhulisa iliso elimnyama, kwaye kwanalawo awexeshana.
- Ukuba ufaka amathontsi emehlweni akho, umbono wakho unokuba luzizi kangangeeyure ezimbalwa. Ngoko ke, bubulumko ukuphepha ukuqhuba ngaloo mini.
- Ukuba unemibuzo malunga nolu vavanyo okanye iziphumo, ungoyiki ukubuza ugqirha wakho. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba uqaphele impilo yamehlo akho.
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