Ngaba wakha wathabatha ingxelo yovavanyo lwegazi, wajonga amagama akulo, waza wacinga, "Yintoni le?" Elinye lamagama owabonayo kwezo ngxelo yi-hemoglobin. Kwakhona, i-A1C luvavanyo oluvakalayo xa uthetha ngesifo seswekile. Zombini ezi zinto zisixelela okuninzi ngempilo yomzimba wethu. Ngoko ke namhlanje, siza kuthetha nge-hemoglobin kunye novavanyo lwe-A1C ngendlela elula kakhulu onokuyiqonda.
Yintoni kanye kanye i-hemoglobin?
Ngamafutshane, i-hemoglobin yiproteni ekhethekileyo efumaneka ngaphakathi kwiiseli zethu ezibomvu zegazi. Ifana 'nenkonzo yokuhambisa' esebenza ngaphakathi emizimbeni yethu.
Umsebenzi wayo ophambili kukuqokelela ioksijini engena emiphungeni xa siphefumla size siyithumele kwizicwili zomzimba wonke. Ikwathwala i-carbon dioxide eveliswa kwezo zicwili ibuyele emiphungeni ukuze ikhutshwe xa sikhupha umoya. Le hemoglobin yiyo enika igazi lethu umbala walo obomvu.
Imolekyuli yehemoglobin yenziwe ngeetsheyini ezine zeproteni. Nganye kwezi tsheyini inenxalenye ebizwa ngokuba yi-'heme' equlethe isinyithi. Iimolekyuli zeoksijini ziyafika zize zinamathele kule nxalenye inesinyithi. Oku kuthetha ukuba ukuba umzimba wakho awunayo isinyithi esaneleyo, umzimba wakho awuyi kukwazi ukwenza i-hemoglobin eyaneleyo. Emva koko amandla okuthwala ioksijini emzimbeni wonke aya kuphazamiseka.
Kuthetha ukuthini ukuba amanqanaba e-hemoglobin aphantsi naphezulu?
Ubungakanani be-hemoglobin esiyidingayo emzimbeni wethu buxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi, kuquka ubudala, isini, kunye nempilo ngokubanzi. Umzekelo, abantu abahlala kwiindawo ezineentaba, oko kukuthi, kwiindawo eziphakamileyo, banamanqanaba aphezulu e-hemoglobin kunabo bahlala kufutshane nomphakamo wolwandle.
I-hemoglobin ilinganiswa ngeegrama nge-deciliter nganye (gm/dL). Amanqanaba aqhelekileyo asempilweni ngala alandelayo:
- Amadoda: 14.0 ukuya kwi-17.5 g/dL
- Abafazi: 12.3 ukuya kwi-15.3 gm/dL
Ngoku makhe sibone ukuba kuya kwenzeka ntoni ukuba la manqanaba ayatshintsha.
| Imeko | Izizathu kunye neempawu |
|---|---|
| I-Hemoglobin ephantsi | Sidla ngokuyibiza le meko ngokuba yi-anemia . Kukho izizathu ezininzi eziphambili zokuba oku kwenzeke:
Iimpawu eziphambili: ukudinwa okungapheliyo, ukuphaphatheka, ukudinwa, iintlungu zesifuba, isiyezi. |
| I-Hemoglobin ephezulu | Oku kwenzeka rhoqo ngenxa yamanqanaba aphantsi e-oksijini emzimbeni (i-hypoxia). Kungabangelwa zezi zinto zilandelayo:
Iimpawu eziphambili: intloko ebuhlungu, umbono ofipheleyo, isiyezi, ukurhawuzelela kolusu, umngcipheko wokuqhekeka kwegazi. |
Kubalulekile: Ukuba inqanaba le-hemoglobin yakho liphantsi okanye liphezulu kwingxelo, musa ukoyika, kodwa bona ugqirha wakho ukuze ufumane unobangela ochanekileyo.
Ngoku masithethe ngovavanyo lwe-A1C.
Xa kuthethwa nge-hemoglobin, olunye lovavanyo olubalulekileyo olunxulumene nayo yi-HbA1c, okanye njengoko sonke sisazi, uvavanyo lwe-A1C. Olu luvavanyo olubalulekileyo lokufumanisa i-Diabetes Mellitus kunye nokubona ukuba umntu onesifo seswekile ulawula kakuhle kangakanani na isifo sakhe.
Uvavanyo lwe-A1C lusixelela ntoni?
Cinga ngomyinge wokubetha womdlali wekhilikithi isizini yonke. Awunakwazi ukubona ukuba ungumdlali olungileyo okanye akunjalo ngokusekelwe kwiinombolo azifumanayo kumdlalo omnye. Kodwa xa ujonga umyinge wakhe isizini yonke, ungafumana umbono olungileyo ngesakhono sakhe.
Uvavanyo lwe-A1C luyafana. Endaweni yokujonga amanqanaba eswekile egazini lakho ngosuku olunye, olu vavanyo lubonisa ukuba amanqanaba eswekile egazini lakho ebenjani kwiinyanga ezi-2-3 ezidlulileyo .
Isebenza kanjani lento?
Iswekile (iglucose) egazini lethu inamathela kwi-hemoglobin kwiiseli zethu ezibomvu zegazi. Njengoko amanqanaba eswekile egazini esanda, ubungakanani beswekile enamathela kwi-hemoglobin buyanda. Ekubeni ubomi obuqhelekileyo beseli ebomvu yegazi bumalunga neenyanga ezi-3, olu vavanyo lunika umfanekiso olungileyo wamanqanaba eswekile egazini lakho aqhelekileyo kwiinyanga ezi-3 ezidlulileyo.
Amanqanaba e-A1C kunye nentsingiselo yawo
Iziphumo ze-A1C zinikwa njengepesenti (%). Nantsi into ethethwa zezo ziphumo.
| Ipesenti ye-A1C (%) | Intsingiselo |
|---|---|
| Ngaphantsi kwe-5.6% | Okuqhelekileyo - Awunaso isifo seswekile. |
| 5.7% ukuya kwi-6.4% | I-Prediabetes - Usengozini enkulu yokuba nesifo seswekile. Esi sisilumkiso! |
| 6.5% nangaphezulu | Isifo seswekile - Kuqinisekisiwe ukuba unesifo seswekile. |
Inqanaba le-A1C liba yingozi nini?
Ukuba inqanaba lakho le-A1C liphezulu kune-9%, yimeko eyingozi kakhulu . Oku kuthetha ukuba isifo sakho seswekile asilawuleki konke konke. Oku kwandisa kakhulu umngcipheko weengxaki ezinkulu ezifana nokulahlekelwa ngumbono, ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwezintso, umonakalo wemithambo-luvo (isifo seswekile), isifo sentliziyo, kunye nokubetha.
Ungayilawula njani i-A1C kunye namanqanaba e-hemoglobin?
Xa unyanga zombini ezi meko, kubalulekile ukufumana unobangela oyintloko. Ugqirha wakho uza kwenza uvavanyo olufunekayo aze akunike unyango olufanelekileyo.
Ukuba i-hemoglobin iphantsi:
Ukutya ukutya okutyebileyo kwi-iron kubaluleke kakhulu.
- I-Heme Iron: Inyama yenkomo, inkukhu, intlanzi (umz. i-tuna), i-shrimp, kunye nezinye iinyama.
- I-non-heme iron ekutyeni kwezityalo: ispinatshi, iilentile, iitshizi, i-soy, iidate, iiraisins, imbewu yethanga.
- Icebiso elibalulekileyo: Xa utya ukutya okutyebileyo kwi-iron kunye nokutya okutyebileyo kwi-vitamin C (ilamuni, iiorenji, iitangerines, iitumato, iiguava), ukufunxwa kwe-iron emzimbeni kuba luncedo ngakumbi.
Ukuba inqanaba le-A1C liphezulu:
Oogqirha ngokubanzi bacebisa ukuba abantu abanesifo seswekile bagcine amanqanaba abo e-A1C engaphantsi kwe-7%. Ukuze wenze oku:
- Ukulawula ukutya: Lawula ukutya okunesitatshi (iicarbohydrate) (irayisi, isonka, iitapile, iilekese). Yitya ukutya okunesondlo. Yeka ngokupheleleyo iziselo ezineswekile.
- Umthambo:Yenza umthambo ophakathi, njengokuhamba, ubuncinane imizuzu engama-30 yonke imihla. Umthambo uphucula amandla omzimba okusebenzisa i-insulin.
- Amayeza: Kubalulekile ukuthatha amayeza achazwe ngugqirha ngexesha elifanelekileyo nangedosi efanelekileyo.
Ungalibali, ungazami ukwenza nantoni na kwezi wedwa. Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga naluphi na utshintsho olwenzayo kwindlela yakho yokuphila kunye nokutya.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Hemoglobin yiproteni efumaneka kwiiseli ezibomvu zegazi ethwala ioksijini kuyo yonke imizimba yethu.
- Inqanaba eliphantsi okanye eliphezulu le-hemoglobin linokuba luphawu lwe-anemia, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukufuna iingcebiso zonyango.
- Uvavanyo lwe-A1C lubonisa inqanaba lakho eliqhelekileyo leswekile egazini kwiinyanga ezi-2-3 ezidlulileyo.
- Ukuba inqanaba le-A1C liphakathi kwe-5.7% - 6.4%, limalunga ne-prediabetes. Ukuba limalunga ne-6.5% nangaphezulu, limalunga ne-diabetes.
- Ukutya okunempilo, umthambo, kunye namayeza anikwe ngugqirha wakho kunokunceda ukugcina amazinga e-hemoglobin asempilweni kunye ne-A1C.
- Ukuba unemibuzo malunga neziphumo zovavanyo lwakho lwegazi, ungathandabuzi ukubuza ugqirha wakho.
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