IHepatoblastoma: Ngaba uyazi ngale ngxaki ingaqhelekanga kwisibindi somntwana wakho?

Mama nootata, nihlala nicinga ngempilo yomntwana wenu omncinci, akunjalo? Ngamanye amaxesha, nokuba sisisu esibuhlungu okanye ukuphelelwa ngumdla kunokukwenza uzive usoyika kwaye uxhalabile. Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngomhlaza onokubaoyikisa abazali kancinci, kodwa ngethamsanqa, awuqhelekanga kakhulu . Oku koko oogqirha bakubiza ngokuba yi-hepatoblastoma. Nangona eli gama lisenokuvakala liyinkimbinkimbi kancinci, masiligcine lilula.

Yintoni i-hepatoblastoma? Masiyiqonde ngokulula.

Ngamafutshane, i-hepatoblastoma luhlobo olungaqhelekanga kakhulu lomhlaza wesibindi . Ichaphazela kakhulu abantwana abancinci abaphakathi kweminyaka eli-1 ne-3 ubudala. Kwanakwilizwe elifana ne-United States, le meko iyenzeka kumntwana omnye okanye ababini kwisigidi. Oko kuthetha ukuba ayiqhelekanga kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba esi sifo sifunyenwe kwangethuba kwaye iqhuma okanye amaqhuma anokususwa ngotyando, umntwana unokuphiliswa ngokupheleleyo . Ngamanye amaxesha, ukufakelwa isibindi lolunye ukhetho lonyango.

Ngaba umntwana wakho omncinci unazo naziphi na ezi mpawu? Lumka!

Kukho iimpawu ezininzi eziqhelekileyo ezinokubonwa kwimeko ye-hepatoblastoma. Kodwa khumbula, ungoyiki ukucinga ukuba sesi sifo kuba nje unazo ezi mpawu. Ezi zinokubangelwa zezinye izizathu ezilula. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ezi zinto ziyaqhubeka, kungcono ukubona ugqirha.

• Intlungu yesisu (ingakumbi embindini okanye kwicala eliphezulu lasekunene lesisu).
• Iqhuma elingaqhelekanga esiswini. Khawuthelekelele, xa uhlamba umntwana wakho okanye utshintsha impahla yakhe, uziva into engaqhelekanga, njengeqhuma, esiswini.
• Ukulahlekelwa ngumdla wokutya kunye nokwehla kobunzima (ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacileyo). Umntwana akasatyi kakhulu njengangaphambili kwaye ubonakala ngathi uyancipha.
• Ukucaphuka nokuhlanza okungapheliyo.
• Ukutyheli kolusu okanye amehlo (i-jaundice).

I-Hepatoblastoma idla ngokuba ngumhlaza okhula kancinci . Ngenxa yoko, umntwana wakho usenokungabonakalisi zimpawu de ithumba lomhlaza libe likhulu ngokwaneleyo ukuba lichaphazele umzimba. Umzekelo, umntwana wakho unokuba nesisu esibuhlungu kangangeentsuku ezininzi, okanye abonakale ngathi uyehla emzimbeni. Ayizizo zonke iintlungu zesisu ezibangelwa yi-hepatoblastoma. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba uneengxaki, ezinje ngokuthi "oku akusiso nje isisu esibuhlungu," ungathandabuzi ukubona ugqirha wezingane womntwana wakho ngoko nangoko.

Kutheni oku kusenzeka? Zithini izizathu?

Enyanisweni, iingcali azikayazi kakuhle indlela iiseli zesibindi ezisempilweni eziguquka ngayo zibe ziiseli zomhlaza. Nangona kunjalo, kukho ezinye iimeko ezinyusa umngcipheko we-hepatoblastoma:

• Ukuzalwa unobunzima obuphantsi kakhulu (ubunzima bokuzalwa bungaphantsi kweekhilogram eziyi-2.4).
• Ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwexesha (ukuzalwa ngaphambi kweeveki ezingama-37).
• I-Aicardi syndrome: Oku kunokubangela ukukhubazeka kwengqondo yomntwana nakwezinye iindawo zomzimba.
• Isifo sikaBeckwith-Wiedemann: Oku kunokuchaphazela ukukhula komntwana kwaye kwandise umngcipheko wokuba nomhlaza.
• I-Biliary atresia: Oku kunokuvala imibhobho yenyongo ebantwaneni abancinci kwaye kubangele umonakalo kwisibindi.
• I-Edwards syndrome (i-trisomy 18): Oku kuchaphazela indlela umzimba womntwana okhula ngayo.
• I-Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP): Oku kubangela inani elikhulu leentsholongwane ezincinci (ii-polyps) kumathumbu amakhulu ezinokuba ngumhlaza.
• I-Hemihyperplasia: Kule meko, elinye icala lomzimba womntwana likhula ngokukhawuleza kunelinye.
• I-Simpson-Golabi-Behmel syndrome (SGB): Oku kunokubangela iingxaki kwisibindi nakwamanye amalungu omzimba ebantwaneni.

Ayingabo bonke abantwana abanezi meko abaya kuba ne-hepatoblastoma. Kwakhona, umntwana ongenazo naziphi na ezi zinto zinobungozi unokufumana le meko. Yiyo loo nto kuthiwa unobangela ochanekileyo awaziwa.

Masifunde nangeengxaki (iziphumo ezifike emva kwexesha) ezinokubakho emva konyango.

Unyango lomhlaza lwe-hepatoblastoma ngamanye amaxesha lunokubangela iziphumo ezisemva kwexesha . Ezi ziingxaki zempilo ezibonakala kwiinyanga okanye kwiminyaka emva kokuxilongwa okanye unyango. Umntwana wakho unokufuna ukulandelwa ixesha elide kunye nonyango ukuze akwazi ukulawula ezi ngxaki.

Umhlaza wesibini ngomnye umzekelo wesiphumo esisemva kwexesha. Oko kukuthi, uphuhliso lohlobo olutsha lomhlaza kwiinyanga okanye iminyaka emva kokugqiba unyango lwe-hepatoblastoma.

Ezi ziphumo zisemva kwexesha zinokuchaphazela umntwana wakho:

• Ukukwazi ukucinga, ukufunda, nokukhumbula.
• Ukukhula nophuhliso.
• Iimvakalelo, iimvakalelo kunye nempilo yengqondo.
• Izitho zangaphakathi kunye nezicubu.

Musani ukoyika oku. Oogqirha nabo bayayazi le nto, ngoko ke banikela ingqalelo kwizinto ezinje.

Oogqirha bayixilonga njani ngokuchanekileyo le sifo?

Xa usisa umntwana wakho kugqirha wabantwana, baya kuqala benze uvavanyo lomzimba . Baza kukubuza ngeempawu zomntwana wakho kunye nokuba sele ekhona ixesha elingakanani. Emva koko, banokwenza uvavanyo oluthile, olufana nolu:

• Uvavanyo lwe-Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP): I-AFP yinto eveliswa sisibindi somntwana. Amanqanaba ayo ayajongwa.
• Ubalo lwegazi olupheleleyo (CBC): Olu lulinganisa iintlobo kunye nobungakanani beeseli zegazi egazini lomntwana.
• Iphaneli epheleleyo ye-metabolic (CMP): Le ivavanya izinto ezili-14 ezahlukeneyo egazini nakwisibindi somntwana.
• Ii-ultrasound zesibindi kunye ne-Doppler: Ezi zivumela oogqirha ukuba bathathe imifanekiso yangaphakathi yesibindi somntwana wakho.
• I-Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI): Olu vavanyo lunokuvelisa imifanekiso ecacileyo yamalungu omzimba kunye nemithambo yegazi.
• I-Vascular ultrasound: Olu vavanyo lwenzelwa ukujonga uthungelwano lwemithambo yegazi engena nephumayo esibindini somntwana.

Ugqirha wakho wezingane, ukuba kuyimfuneko, angakuthumela kwingcali yomhlaza wabantwana, ugqirha ogxile ekunyangeni umhlaza kubantwana abancinci.

Zichongwa njani izigaba zomhlaza?

Ukuchonga inqanaba lomhlaza kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba iingcali zomhlaza zicebe unyango. Iingcali zomhlaza zabantwana zisebenzisa iinkqubo ezimbini zokwahlulahlula endaweni yokumisela umhlaza. Ezi zezi:

• ISILUMKISO: Oku kumela "ubungakanani besifo ngaphambi konyango." Ngaphambi kokuba kwenziwe i-chemotherapy, enikwa ngaphambi kotyando, ugqirha ujonga ukuba umhlaza usasazeke kangakanani kwisibindi somntwana. Inani lamaqhuqhuva omhlaza, ubungakanani bawo, kunye nohlobo lwawo kuyajongwa.
• ISIHLOKO: Oku kumela "ubungakanani besifo emva konyango." Kujonga imeko emva konyango ngaphambi kotyando.

Isibindi sethu sineenxalenye ezimbini eziphambili (ii-lobes). Iingcali zomhlaza zahlula la macandelo mabini kwiindidi ezine ezongezelelweyo. Udidi ngalunye luhlelwa ngokwenani lee-lobes zesibindi ezinee-tumor ezinomhlaza. Njengoko inani lee-lobes ezinee-tumor ezinomhlaza lisanda, nenani leendidi nalo liyanda.

Umzekelo, cinga ngoku: Uvavanyo lufumana amaqhuma amabini anomhlaza kwiindawo ezimbini ezahlukeneyo zesibindi somntwana. Umhlaza uhlelwa njenge-PRETEXT stage II. Ukuba i-chemotherapy isusa iqhuma elinye ngaphambi kotyando, umhlaza uhlelwa njenge-POSTTEXT stage I. Ugqirha uthi umntwana ngoku une-stage I hepatoblastoma.

Ezinye iintlobo ze-hepatoblastoma zezi:

• Udidi I: Umhlaza ukwinxalenye enye yesibindi somntwana. Ezinye iindawo ezintathu azichaphazeleki.
• Udidi II: Kukho iimeko ezimbini zoku. Eyokuqala kukuba umhlaza ukho kwiindawo ezimbini ezikufutshane zesibindi, kodwa awukho kwezinye iindawo ezimbini. Eyesibini kukuba umhlaza ukho kwenye indawo, kodwa awukho kwiindawo ezimbini ezikufutshane.
• Inqanaba lesi-3: Umhlaza ukho kwinxalenye enye okanye ezingaphezulu zesibindi, kodwa akukho mhlaza kwiindawo ezikufutshane ngqo neendawo ezinomhlaza.
• Udidi lwesine:Umhlaza usasazeke kuzo zonke iindawo ezine zesibindi somntwana.

Nangona olu hlobo lokwahlulahlula lusenokubonakala lunzima kancinci, oogqirha baza kukuchazela kakuhle.

Zeziphi iindlela zonyango ezikhoyo?

Unyango oluqhelekileyo lutyando lokususa inxalenye yesibindi echaphazelekileyo ngumhlaza . Isibindi sesinye sezitho ezimangalisayo emzimbeni wethu. Kuba kuphela kwesitho esinokukhula kwakhona emva kokuba inxalenye isusiwe ngotyando. Oku kuthetha ukuba isibindi somntwana wakho ekugqibeleni siya kukhula sibuyele kubukhulu baso bokuqala.

Ugqirha womhlaza wabantwana bomntwana wakho angagqiba ekubeni akunike unyango olungakumbi lwe-chemotherapy ngaphambi nasemva kotyando. Olu nyango lusetyenziselwa ukunciphisa ithumba lomhlaza.

Umntwana angafumana i-chemotherapy kangangeeveki ezine ukuya kwezintandathu emva kotyando. Le chemotherapy, enikwa emva kotyando, inciphisa amathuba okuba umhlaza uphinde ubuye.

Ezinye iindlela zonyango ze-hepatoblastoma ziquka:

• Unyango lwe-Ablation: Le yinkqubo engaphantsi kakhulu kwi-hepatoblastoma ephindaphindayo.
• Ukufakelwa kwesibindi: Olu lukhetho ukuba umhlaza uchaphazele inxalenye ephakathi yesibindi okanye iindawo ezininzi zesibindi.
• I-Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE): Le nkqubo ibandakanya ukunqanda ukuhanjiswa kwegazi kwi-tumor enomhlaza kunye nokuhambisa amayeza e-chemotherapy ngqo kwi-tumor.

Ngaba i-hepatoblastoma inganyangeka?

Ewe, inokwenzeka. Kodwa kuxhomekeke ekubeni umntwana wakho ufunyaniswe nini kwaye ufumana unyango ixesha elingakanani. I-Hepatoblastoma inokunyangwa ukuba ugqirha womntwana wakho angasusa yonke okanye inxalenye yeqhubu elinomhlaza .

"Ukufunyanwa kwangoko kunye nonyango olukhawulezileyo zizinto ezimbini ezibalulekileyo ekulweni nesi sifo."

Zithini izinga lokusinda?

Amanani okusinda kumhlaza asekelwe kuphela kumava abantu abaneentlobo ezahlukeneyo zomhlaza. Lilonke, abantwana abane kwabahlanu abane-hepatoblastoma baphila iminyaka emihlanu emva kokufunyaniswa ukuba banayo .

Xa ucinga ngamanqanaba okuchacha, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba amava omntwana wakho asenokuhluka kwawabanye abantwana .

Zininzi izinto ezinokuchaphazela ukubikezela kwangaphambili kwesifo sesibindi. Ukuba unemibuzo malunga namazinga okusinda, ingcali yomhlaza yabantwana yomntwana wakho yeyona mithombo ilungileyo yolwazi. Ingachaza ukuba la manani athetha ukuthini kwimeko yomntwana wakho.

Umntwana wam ufanele aye nini kugqirha?

Umntwana wakho kufuneka abe nexesha lokubonana neqela elinyamekela umhlaza rhoqo . Iqela liza kujonga impilo yomntwana wakho rhoqo, kuquka naziphi na iziphumo ezingalindelekanga. Liza kujonga neempawu ze-hepatoblastoma ezibuyayo okanye umhlaza omtsha.

Ndifanele ndimse nini umntwana wam kwigumbi likaxakeka?

Unyango lwe-Hepatoblastoma ludla ngokubandakanya utyando. Utyando lunokubangela iingxaki, ezifana nosulelo. Yisa umntwana wakho kwigumbi likaxakeka ngokukhawuleza ukuba kukho nayiphi na kwezi zilandelayo:

• Ukuba umkhuhlane ungaphezulu kwe-100.4 degrees Fahrenheit (38.3 degrees Celsius).
• Ukuba indawo yotyando ibomvu ngokumnyama, okanye ukuba umntwana ubonakala ebuhlungu xa uyichukumisa.
• Ukuba kuvela ulwelo oluluhlaza okanye olumthubi kwindawo yotyando.

Ungamnceda njani umntwana wakho ngezi mvavanyo kunye nonyango?

Uvavanyo lubalulekile ukuze kufunyaniswe ukuba kutheni umntwana wakho egula. Kodwa iinaliti zokutsala igazi zinokuba buhlungu. Abantwana banokoyikiswa yingxolo yoomatshini be-MRI. Abantwana banokuziva bexhalabile kwaye besoyika i-chemotherapy okanye utyando. Kuqhelekile ukuba umntwana asabele ngolu hlobo xa enesifo somhlaza. Ukusebenza nengcali yobomi bomntwana ngeli xesha kunokuba luncedo olukhulu kumntwana wakho (nakuwe) njengoko bedlula kwezi mvavanyo kunye nonyango.

Xa ufumanisa ukuba umntwana wakho une-hepatoblastoma, usenokugutyungelwa ziimvakalelo ezininzi. Nangona usenokuzama ukuhlala uzolile ngaphandle, usenokuziva ngathi uyawa ngaphakathi. Eli lixesha elinzima kakhulu. Nangona i-hepatoblastoma inokunyangeka ngonyango, ukujongana nonyango kunokuba ngumceli mngeni kumntwana nakubantu abathandayo.

Ugqirha womntwana wakho kunye neqela lonke lokhathalelo bayayiqonda le mingeni. Baza kwenza konke okusemandleni abo ukwenza unyango lube lula kangangoko. Baza kukuvuyela nokuchaza into onokulindela kunye nendlela onokumnceda ngayo umntwana wakho. Khumbula ukuba awuwedwa.

Okokugqibela, ezona zinto zibalulekileyo ekufuneka uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

• I-Hepatoblastoma ngumhlaza wesibindi ongaqhelekanga kakhulu ochaphazela kakhulu abantwana abancinci abaphakathi kweminyaka eli-1 ukuya kwemi-3 ubudala.
• Lumka ngeempawu ezifana neentlungu zesisu, ukudumba, ukungabi namdla wokutya, ukwehla kobunzima, ukuhlanza okungapheliyo, kunye ne-jaundice. Musa ukoyika kuba nje unazo ezi zinto, kodwa bonana nogqirha.
• Esi sifo sinyangeka ngakumbi xa sifunyanwa kwangethuba kwaye sinyangwa ngokukhawuleza .
• Iindlela zonyango ziquka utyando, i-chemotherapy, kunye nokufakelwa kwesibindi.
• Iziphumo ezifike emva kwexesha zinokwenzeka emva konyango, ngoko ke ukulandela ixesha elide kubalulekile.
• Hlala unxibelelana kakuhle nogqirha womntwana wakho. Buza yonke imibuzo yakho kunye nezinto ezikuxhalabisayo.
• Fumana inkxaso yengqondo neyeemvakalelo kuwe nakumntwana wakho ngeli xesha lohambo.

Ndiyathemba ukuba olu lwazi luza kukunceda uqonde esi sifo singaqhelekanga. Ndinqwenelela umntwana wakho ukuchacha ngokukhawuleza!

I- Hepatoblastoma, umhlaza wesibindi, umhlaza wobuntwana, iintlungu zesisu, isibindi, iimpawu zomhlaza, unyango lomhlaza